1、Detailed ReadingUNIT2TEXTAbe lost in / lose oneself in: be absorbed in; be fully occupied with - He was lost in playing computer games so he was unaware of my entering the room. - I had lost myself in thought. - 他忙于这项工作而对周围的一切都很漠然。(He was lost to the world in this task.)available: adj.1. able to be
2、got, obtained, used, etc.- If you dont want to buy a kite, you can make your own using directions available in the book.- We have already used up all the available space. - 对不起,这种外套没有你要的颜色和尺码。(Im sorry. Those overcoats are not available in your color and size. )2. able to be visited or seen; not too
3、 busy- 律师现在没空。 (The lawyer is not available now.)or something: used when you are not very sure about what you have just said - The air fare was a hundred and ninety-nine pounds or something. - Heres some money. Get yourself a sandwich or something.NB:同义的短语：or something like that go ahead: continue;
4、begin (sometimes followed by with + n.)- The board of directors will vote today on whether to go ahead with the plan. - Henry will be late but we will go ahead with the meeting anyway. estimate: 1. vt. form a judgment about (a quantity or value)- Bills personal riches were estimated at $368 million.
5、 - I estimate that the total cost for the treatment of the disease will go from $5,000 to $8,000.- 我估计她有 35 岁。 (I estimate her age at 35. )2. n. approximate calculation or judgment made about a quantity or value- According to some estimates, the number of farms has increased by 50 percent. - My esti
6、mate of her character was wrong. CF: estimate, evaluate you might as well stay. - The post office is really busy. Well have to queue for ages to get served. We might as well go home.- 这道甜食我还是不吃了吧。 (I might as well give the sweet course a miss.)not much of: not a good - 天气不是很好。(It is not much of a da
7、y. )- Some people may think that doing housework for others is not much of a career. - He is not much of a father, but he is an outstanding professor. keep up: continue without stopping - They risk losing their homes because they can no longer keep up the repayments. - I was so hungry all the time t
8、hat I could not keep the diet up for longer than a month. Collocation:keep t 坚持；信守keep up with 跟上；赶上keep on 继续进行；反复地做keep out of 躲开；（使）置身于之外keep off 避开；不让接近Put into each gap one of the above phrases. Change the form where necessary. 1. Keep off the grass! 2. If this rain keeps up, the garden will be
9、 ruined. 3. Try to keep out of trouble. 4. Dont run I cant keep up with you. 5. He just kept on writing, paying no attention to the cry of the baby. 6. He always keeps to his promises. correspondence: n.1. the act of writing, receiving or sending letters (often followed by with + n.)- His interest i
10、n writing came from a long correspondence with a close college friend.- 敌人空袭后通信中断了。(The correspondence dropped after the enemys air raid. )2. the letters that sb. receives or sends (used as an uncountable noun)- Mary really never mentions her step-mother in her correspondence. - The library bought a
11、ll the correspondence between Queen Victoria and her daughters.Collocation:carry on correspondence 进行通信break off correspondence 中断通信 business / commercial correspondence 商业书信personal correspondence 私人通信 in correspondence with 与有通信联系practically: adv. almost, but not completely or exactly - 她几乎每天上班迟到。
12、(Shes practically always late for work. )- Hed known the old man for practically ten years.- I know people who find it practically impossible to give up smoking. kind of / sort of: (“kind of” esp. AmE, “sort of” esp. BrE) a little bit; in some way or degree (used before verb or after a link verb) -
13、The boys description kind of gives us an idea of whats happening. - She wasnt beautiful. But she was kind of cute. - 她有点希望能受到邀请。 (She kind of hoped to be invited. )lose touch (with sb.): meet and contact sb. less and less often, gradually stop writing to, telephoning, or visiting them- I lost touch
14、with my former classmates after graduation. - In my job one tends to lose touch with friends.a couple of: a few; more than one but not many- Do you have a moment? There are a couple of things Id like to talk to you about. - They promised the students that they would find a substitute teacher in a co
15、uple of days. on ones mind: in ones thoughts; of concern to one (If sth. is on your mind, you are worried or concerned about it and think about it a lot.)- Dealings on the stock market have been on his mind all the time. - This travel plan has been on my mind all week.- You are always on my mind. ke
16、ep in touch (with sb.): If you keep in touch with someone, you write to, phone, or visit each other regularly.- The old man kept in touch with his children while living in a nursing home.- While doing the research work in the Antarctic, the professor kept in touch with his students via email. Colloc
17、ation:stay in touch with 与保持联系get in touch with 与取得联系come up: 1. happen or occur, esp. unexpectedly- Sorry, I am late something came up at home. - Other projects came up and the emphasis of my work changed. 2. be mentioned or discussed- The issue of safety came up twice during the meeting.- News abo
18、ut Project Hope has come up a lot after the earthquake in various media.Collocation:come across 偶遇，碰到 come along 进展；出现 come down 流传下来；落魄，失势come over 从远处来，过来；短暂造访 come through 经历（困难） ，安然度过 come up with 想出（计划、答案、回答等） Put into each gap one of the phrases. Change the form where necessary.1. He couldnt c
19、ome up with an appropriate answer just at the time. 2. Hows your work coming along? 3. These legends came down to us from the 15th century. 4. The old man was 90 years old and lucky to come through his operation. 5. Weve just come across an old friend we havent seen for ages. 6. Come over and see us
20、 sometime. urge: vt. try very hard to persuade - They urged the local government to approve plans for their reform program. - Sir Fred urged that Britain (should) join the European Monetary System.- 当老朋友布赖恩怂恿我接受一支香烟时，我实在忍不住了。(When my old friend Brian urged me to accept a cigarette, it was more than
21、I could bear. )Pattern: urge sb. to do sth. urge + that-clause. (In the that-clause, “should” or the base form of a verb is used.)postpone: vt. delay (usu. followed by n. / gerund) - The couple had postponed having children to establish their careers.- 我们把比赛从 3 月 5 日推迟到 3 月 19 日举行。 (We postponed the
22、 match from March 5th to March 19th. )CF: postpone used mainly in AmE) stay in or near a place, for no particular reason, not doing very much- I often hung out in coffee bars while I was unemployed. - We can just hang out and have a good time.- Thats the corner where all the kids hang out.2. hang cl
23、othes on a piece of string outside in order to dry them- I was worried that I had no time to hang out my washing. - What a pain! Its raining and Ive just hung the washing out. Collocation: hang about / around （在）闲逛 hang on （打电话时用语）不挂断；坚持下去 hang over 挂在上；笼罩，威胁hang up 挂断电话；搁置，拖延 Put into each gap one
24、of the above phrases. Change the form where necessary. 1. I was so angry that I hung up on her. 2. Im afraid that the line is busy. Would you like to hang on? 3. The danger of war hung over Europe for 21 years. 4. Dont hang about / around. We have a train to catch! (every) now and then: (every) now
25、and again; sometimes; at times- Every now and then I have a desire to quit my tedious job. - I still see Jane for lunch every now and then, but not as often as I used to.Collocation:now and again 不时地now or never 勿失良机 NB:表示“偶尔、有时”的词和短语： 1. at times 5. from time to time2. (every) now and then 6. somet
26、imes3. (every) now and again 7. on occasion4. (every) once in a while 8. occasionallymostly: adv. almost all; generally - They have invested their money mostly in expensive real estate. - The guests at the wedding party are mostly friends of the bride. awful: adj. (used to add force) very great; ver
27、y bad or unpleasant- I have got an awful lot of work to do. - I cant bear the awful smell of cigarette smoke.choke up: become too upset to speak- Losing my job left me completely choked up. - When he learned the news of his friends sudden death, he was so choked up that he couldnt say a thing.skip:
28、vt. pass from (one point, etc.) to another, disregarding or failing to act on what comes between - 报纸读者可以选择自己感兴趣的新闻,略过自己认为是枯燥的或无关的消息。 (A newspaper reader can select what he is interested in and skip what he thinks is boring or irrelevant. )- The teacher said: “First skim the text to obtain a general
29、 impression of it. Then scan the first three paragraphs and locate the birth dates of the main characters. And as time is limited, we will have to skip some of the exercises.”right away: at once - Tom has got a high fever; he should go and see a doctor right away. - I wrote him a letter and posted i
30、t right away. NB:表示“立即、马上”的词和短语：1. at once 5. promptly2. directly 6. right away3. immediately 7. straight away4. instantlyTEXTBpeer: vi. look closely or carefully - The doctor peered at the patients X-ray for a minute. - 他透过雾仔细张望, 想找出正确的路。(He peered through the mist, trying to find the right path.)u
31、neasy: adj. feeling anxious or uncertain- I feel a bit uneasy about asking her to do me such a big favor. - 她与她婆婆的关系相当紧张。(She has a rather uneasy relationship with her mother-in-law.)be (the) best of friends: close friends- Since Michael moved to our neighborhood, we have been (the) best of friends.
32、 in search of: trying to find - He disappeared in the direction of the car park, in search of the missing ticket. - 当她出去寻找木柴时，被一名狙击手打中了。(She was shot by a sniper when she went out in search of firewood.)scrape a living: only earn enough money to provide yourself with food, clothing and a place to li
33、ve - The writer scraped a living by sending articles to newspapers when she was unknown. - 我不想仅仅维持生活；我要赚大把大把的钱。(I dont just want to scrape a living; I want to make buckets of money! )get rid of: destroy; become free of- Lisa is trying to get rid of the mice in her house.- 他打开窗户，好让陈腐烟草的气味散去。 (He open
34、ed the windows to get rid of the smell of stale tobacco.)stuff: n. matter; material- Theres some sticky stuff on the floor. - 她所说的关于李的一切都是瞎说。(All that stuff she has been saying about Lee is rubbish.)soak: v. become or make completely wet- Youd better wipe up that red wine youve spilt before it soaks
35、 (= is absorbed) into the rug. - 风把雨吹进来了，打湿了地毯。(The wind had blown the rain in and soaked the carpet.)swing: v. turn around quickly or make sth. turn around quickly - He swung around and yelled “thats a damn lie!”- He sat there swinging his legs.burst into: start suddenly- Lily burst into tears when
36、 she learned that she didnt pass the exam. - 天气突然变暖，树上长出叶子来了。(The weather turned warm unexpectedly, making the trees burst into leaf.)fling: vt. throw violently - The audience cheered and flung their hats into the air when the Jamaican athlete broke the world record. - 我们用力将安全绳扔给他。 (We flung him the
37、 safety rope.)crash: v. fall or strike suddenly, violently, and noisily - He lost control of his car at the first bend and crashed.- 这架飞机起飞后坠毁了。(The plane crashed after take-off.)bare: adj. without clothing - She felt the sun warm on her bare arms. - 那个男孩光着脚踩在软软的沙子上，一丝声音都没有。 (The boys bare feet made
38、 no sound in the soft sand.)extent: n. rea or length; amount- From the top of the Empire State Building, you can see the full extent of Manhattan. - 我们尚不知道他受伤的程度。(We dont yet know the extent of his injuries.)worse still: to be worse - She broke her leg skiing. Worse still, she lost her job a month l
39、ater. in bad / good shape: in bad / good physical condition- He bought up businesses that were in bad / poor shape, and then sold them off bit by bit.- 我已经好几个星期没锻炼了，现在的身体状况真的很糟糕。(I havent had any exercise for weeks, and Im really in bad shape.)despair: n. the feeling that there is no hope and that y
40、ou can do nothing to improve a difficult or troubling situation- Theyre in the depths of despair over / about the money theyve lost.- 令老师绝望的是，诺顿对于要求他做的工作从来不做。 (To his teachers despair, Norton never does the work that hes been told to do.)draw on: use part of a supply of- A company as big as Sinopec
41、has a great amount of expertise to draw on. - 他的小说大多取材自他的童年经历。 (His novels draw heavily on his childhood.)lean: vi. 1. move or bend your body in a particular direction- I leaned back on the pillows and closed my eyes. - 乔靠在学校的墙上，抽着香烟。(Joe was leaning against the school wall, smoking a cigarette. )2.
42、 depend on someone for support and encouragement- The old couple leaned on each other for support. - 迈克尔一直有他哥哥撑腰。(Michael has always had his brother to lean on.)rescue:1. vt. help (sb. or sth.) out of a dangerous, harmful or unpleasant situation - The lifeboat rescued the sailors from the sinking bo
43、at. - 政府已经拒绝挽救该公司，使其免于破产。 (The government has refused to rescue the company from bankruptcy.)2. n. an act of rescuing- I didnt know anybody at the party, but the hostess came to my rescue (= helped me out of a difficult situation) by introducing me to a few people. - 我们在峭壁的石崖上挤成一团，等待救援。(We huddled t
44、ogether on the cliff ledge, waiting for rescue.)highlight: 1. n. the best or most exciting or interesting part- Highlights of the match will be shown after the news.- 在威尼斯的那个周末绝对是我们这次旅行的高潮。(That weekend in Venice was definitely the highlight of our trip.)2. vt. give special attention to- The report
45、highlights the need for improved safety. - 课文中的拼写错误已经用绿色突出显示了。(The spelling mistakes in the text had been highlighted in green.)After Reading Useful Expressions完全沉浸于 be completely lost in引起的注意 get sb.s attention坐进后座 settle into the back seat得了感冒什么的 have a cold or something不着急 in no hurry接着，继续 go ahe
46、ad记住了，能背出来 know sth. by heart家书抵万金。 Letters from home always mean a lot.老是在外旅行 be on the road so much不大会 not much of a hand at 保持通信往来 keep up correspondence从小学一直到高中 all the way through both grade and high school老街坊 an old neighborhood沉默 in silence失去联系 lose touch老同学聚会 a class reunion时间不饶人。 Time goes by.在一起闲逛 hang out on the same corner点头称是 nod in agreement在远处 in the distance
