1、 几千年的中国文化充实着中国梦，同时，过去三十几年的改革开放也激励着中国梦。中国梦最显著的特征是包容性和双赢合作。这些也是使中国梦扩大它的全球影响范围和被其他国家的人民认可的基本特征。中国梦是民族复兴的梦。它是建设一个强大繁荣的国家，给中国人民带来幸福生活的梦。中国梦需要维持稳定健康的经济发展，科学管理社会，以及有效应对外部发展的风险和挑战。The Chinese dream has been enriched by thousands of years of Chinese culture and inspired among other things by the past three d
2、ecades of reform and opening-up. The most noticeable features of the Chinese dream include inclusiveness and win-win cooperation. These are the very features that will enable the Chinese dream to expand its global reach and be recognized by people of other nations. The Chinese dream is the dream of
3、national rejuvenation. It is the dream of building a powerful and prosperous state, a dream of bringing happiness in the lives of the Chinese people. It entails sustaining steady and healthy economic growth, scientifically managing the Chinese society, and effectively responding to the risks and cha
4、llenges of external development.【翻译词汇】中国梦 the Chinese dream 改革开放 reform and opening-up 激励 inspire 包容性 inclusiveness 双赢合作 win-win cooperation 扩大 expand 民族复兴 national rejuvenation 强大(的) powerful 繁荣的 prosperous 需要 entail稳定健康的 steady and healthy 应对 respond to 外部发展 external development 风险 risk 挑战 challen
5、ge2. 最近，一些地方大学开始将方言列为某些学生的必修课程，学生们要学习当地方言，然后被评分以作为毕业的依据之一。一方面，支持此种做法的人认为，将方言列为必修课可防止其消失，从而使当地传统文化和文化多样性得以弘扬，同时城市独特的个性得以保留。另一方面，反对此种做法的人争论说，当地学生与外地学生相比有很多绝对优势，因此将方言列为必修课会引起教育不公平的问题。而且，将方言列为必修课程还会引起一些其他问题，如教材使用、师资问题和考试标准等。在我看来，方言作为传统文化不可缺少的一部分和一种交流工具，可以让学生自愿学习和使用，而不是强制完成。Recently, it has been practice
6、d by some local universities that dialect is made a compulsory course for some students, under which students are subject to learning the local dialect and then graded as one of the judging factors for them to graduate. On the one hand, people approving the practice maintain that it will help to pre
7、vent the dialect from extinguishing so that the local traditional culture and the cultural diversity can be enhanced, and the unique urban identity can be preserved simultaneously. On the other hand, people in opposition to the practice contend that it will give rise to the appearance of educational
8、 inequality, for the local students will enjoy absolute advantages over those from other places. Moreover, the inclusion of dialect in compulsory courses will bring forth other problems like teaching material, teachers and examination standards. As far as I am concerned, dialects, as an indispensabl
9、e part of local traditional culture as well as a tool for communication, can be acquired and used voluntarily, not compulsorily.【翻译词汇】方言 dialect 必修课程 compulsory course 依据 judging factor 支持 approve消失 extinguish 文化多样性 cultural diversity 弘扬 enhance 个性 identity争论说 contend 绝对的 absolute 引起 give rise to/br
10、ing forth 考试标准 examination standard不可缺少的 indispensable 自愿地 voluntarily 学习 acquire3. 随着中国经济迅速发展到新的高度，中国目前已经进入了大规模消费时代，中国民众的购买力随着中国市场经济的发展而迅速增长。因此，那些追求物质生活的人们只要有购买力，就不可避免地会购买奢侈品。一项报告显示，中国的奢侈品消费总额占全球市场份额的四分之一，且位居世界第二，仅次于日本。然而，从消费观念方面来讲，很多中国的消费者还处在“炫耀性消费”的阶段，这是一种不健康的状态。奢侈品不应该是炫耀的手段，或者是与权力、财富和社会关系相关的标志。A
11、s China has achieved new heights in its economy and recently entered an era of mass consumption, the purchasing power of Chinese people is rising along with the development of market economy. Therefore, it is inevitable that people who pursue material life buy luxuries as long as they can afford. Ac
12、cording to a report, the total consumption of luxuries in China accounted for a quarter of the global market share and ranked second in the world after Japan. However, in regard to consumption concept, a large number of Chinese consumers are still in the stage of “conspicuous consumption”, which is
13、unhealthy. Luxuries should not be the tools of showing off or signs associated with power, wealth and social ties.【翻译词汇】大规模消费时代 an era of mass consumption 追求物质生活 pursue material life购买力 purchasing power 因此 therefore 奢侈品 luxury 占 account for 市场份额 market share从来讲 in regard to 炫耀性消费 conspicuous consump
14、tion 炫耀 show off与相关 be associated with 社会关系 social tie4. 赵州桥坐落在洨河上，距离赵县南部约 2.5 公里。这座桥是在公元 605 年至公元 616 年建造的。赵州桥是由中国著名的匠师李春设计的，是用石头建造的，长 50.82 米，宽 10 米，还有一个不可思议的弧形桥洞，高 7.23 米，跨度为 37.35 米。桥上的石头栏杆和柱子上雕刻着美丽的龙凤图案。这座桥是一座空腹式的圆弧形石拱桥，两边有两个小拱，这是中国最早的拱桥之一，在中国桥梁建筑史上占有重要的地位，让游客和工程师们都很感兴趣。Zhaozhou Bridge was buil
15、t on the Jiao River about 2.5 kilometers away from the south of Zhaoxian county. The bridge was constructed in AD 605-616. Designed by a well-known Chinese mason, Li Chun, its made of stone, 50.82 meters long and 10 meters wide, with an unusual arch that is 7.23 meters high with a span of 37.35 mete
16、rs. The stone railing and columns on the bridge were carved with beautiful dragon and phoenix designs. One of the earliest Chinese arch bridges with a long open-spandrel arch in the middle and two small arches on each side, this bridge occupies an important place in the history of Chinese bridge bui
17、lding and has been of interest to tourists and engineers alike.【翻译词汇】赵州桥 Zhaozhou Bridge 洨河 Jiao River 建造 construct 匠师 mason不可思议的 unusual 弧形桥洞 arch 跨度 span 栏杆 railing 柱子 column龙凤 dragon and phoenix 空腹式的 open-spandrel 占有 occupy5. 泰山称东岳，以“五岳独尊”的盛名享誉古今。按照“五行学说”，东方属木，主生发，有生命之源、万物之本的含义。这就是古代帝王通常在自己登基或晚年时
18、到泰山封禅祭拜的原因。泰山拔地通天，气势磅礴，汉语又有“稳如泰山”、“重于泰山”之说。1987 年，联合国教科文组织将泰山列为世界自然与文化遗产。Mount Tai, called “East Yue”, has a great reputation for the most important mountain of the Five Holy Mountains. According to the theory of five elements, the East belongs to mu, which means liveliness. Therefore, the East is a
19、 place where nature regulated and adjusted its procedures. This explains why important emperors made pilgrimages mostly to Mount Tai when they were crowned or in their later years. It is a symbol of loftiness and might, hence, there are the Chinese idioms: “as firm as Mount Tai” and “as weighty as M
20、ount Tai”. Mount Tai was proclaimed world natural and cultural heritage by UNESCO in 1987.【翻译词汇】泰山 Mount Tai 东岳 East Yue 五岳独尊 the most important mountain of the Five Holy Mountains享誉 have a great reputation 五行学说 the theory of five elements生发 liveliness生命之源、万物之本 a place where nature regulated and adj
21、usted its procedures登基 be crowned 封禅祭拜 make pilgrimages to 稳如泰山 as firm as Mount Tai重于泰山 as weighty as Mount Tai 宣布 proclaim6. 长久以来，人们一直对市区公园是否应该收门票的话题争论不休。一些人认为市区公园是用纳税人的钱建立起来的，是供人们休闲、娱乐的公共场所，因此应该是免费的。另一方面，还有一些人称，考虑到中国人口众多，公民责任意识淡薄的情况，一旦免费开放市区公园，这些公园会管理不善，将不可避免地受到损坏。综合考虑两种观点，我较认同后者。可以确定的是市区公园免费开放要与
22、经济发展情况相适应，因为这需要财政的支持。因此，以中国现有的经济水平，免费开放市区公园的目标要逐步实现。The question whether urban parks should charge an entrance fee or not has been a source of controversy for a long time. On the one hand, some people claim that urban parks, supposed to be places where people have leisure and entertainment, are publ
23、ic establishments that have been created with taxpayers money and thus should be free. On the other hand, some others maintain that, considering Chinas large population and lack of a sense of civic duty, once the parks are free of charge, they will not be properly managed and will inevitably be dama
24、ged. When considering opinions of both sides, I am inclined to the latter view. Its certain that free entry to urban parks should proceed with economic development, as it needs financial support. Hence, the current economic level in China reflects that free entry to parks can only be realized step b
25、y step.【翻译词汇】市区公园 urban park 门票 entrance fee 纳税人 taxpayer 休闲 leisure 娱乐 entertainment公共场所 public establishment 考虑到 considering 公民责任意识淡薄 lack of a sense of civic duty较认同 be inclined to 与相适应 proceed with 财政的 financial逐步 step by step7. 邓小平同志曾说：“社会主义财富属于人民，社会主义的致富是全民共同致富。”构建和谐社会，就是要把民生问题作为重中之重，让广大人民群众有活
26、干，有学上，有饭吃，有衣穿，有屋住，病有医，老有养，生活幸福，都过上好日子。自此，在就业、教育、收入分配、医疗、养老、住房等领域，一大批关注民生的实事工程接连开工，一件件事关百姓冷暖的民生大事让各族群众喜笑颜开。Comrade Deng Xiaoping once said, “Socialist wealth belongs to the people, the socialist prosperity is the universal common prosperity.” Building a harmonious society is to regard peoples livelih
27、ood as the priority among priorities, to help the masses live a happy life of having jobs, going to school, having food to eat, having clothes to wear, having houses to live in, and can be cured when in disease, and can be cared when they are old. From then on, in the fields of employment, education
28、, income distribution, health care, pension, and housing, etc., a large number of practical projects focusing on livelihood have been started one by one; every activity about peoples livelihood has lighted people of all nationalities up with pleasure.【翻译词汇】邓小平同志 comrade Deng Xiaoping 社会主义的致富 sociali
29、st prosperity 全民共同致富 universal common prosperity 构建和谐社会 build a harmonious society民生问题 livelihood就业 employment 收入分配 income distribution 医疗 health care 养老 pension 关注 focus on 实事工程 practical project 让喜笑颜开 light.up with pleasure 各族群众 people of all nationalities8. 中国通过了第一部物权法，下令对北京的几百座四合院进行保护。然而，批评家们指出，
30、所谓“保存”常常只是拆掉老房子，然后依照传统样式盖一座新的来代替。马岩松曾经说过：“现在的做法就是在假造古董，这不好。胡同吸引了很多旅游者，但这里贫困的老住户要么就像主题公园里的演员，要么就被踢出去，以便富人们可以购买这些房子。老北京的精神正在消亡。”China has passed the first property law, ordering to protect Beijings hundreds of courtyards. But critics say, so-called “conservation” just means knocking down an old buildi
31、ng and replacing it with a structure in a traditional style. For this, Ma Yansongs opinion is “The way is just to build fake antiques, it is not nice. These hutongs attract many tourists. The poor, old residents are either like actors in a theme park or they are kicked out so that the rich can buy t
32、hese houses. The spirits of old Beijing are now dying away.”【翻译词汇】物权法 property law 四合院 courtyard 拆掉 knock down 代替 replace 假古董 fake antique胡同 hutong 主题公园 theme park 踢出去 kick out 消亡 die away9. 如今，中国正步入老龄化社会，因此独生子女一代面临着巨大的工作和生活压力。中国政府开始适当调整计划生育政策，允许一些家庭在特殊情况下生育二胎。但调查显示，很多夫妻迫于不断加重的经济压力，放弃生育二胎。因此，要从根本上解决
33、老龄化的问题不能依靠出生率的上升，最有效的办法是建立有效的社会保障制度。Nowadays, China is stepping into the aging society. Therefore, the only-child generation is facing enormous pressure both from work and life. The Chinese government has begun to adjust the family planning policy and allows some families to have a second child unde
34、r certain circumstances. However, the survey shows that some couples abandon to have a second child due to the increasing financial burden. Thus, in order to solve the aging problem, the basic thing is not relying on the increase of birth rate. The best solution is to establish an effective social s
35、ecurity system.【翻译词汇】步入 step into 老龄化社会 aging society 独生子女一代 the only-child generation巨大的 enormous 调整 adjust 计划生育政策 the family planning policy在特殊情况下 under certain circumstances 由于，迫于 due to 放弃 abandon依靠 rely on 出生率 birth rate 有效的 effective 社会保障制度 social security system10. 中国的官方语言普通话在美国的学校中突然热起来。由于中国
36、经济在 21 世纪的快速发展，美国的公立和私立学校纷纷在外语课程中加入汉语这一科目，或将已有的汉语教学项目进行扩展。据统计，在美国的学校中，有 5 万名孩子在学习汉语。但推动汉语项目的发展不是没有遇到困难。由于缺乏受过专业训练、持有证书的教师，一些学校很难加入汉语教学的竞争。当学校聘用教师时，它们通常直接从中国招聘，这种方式为文化冲突埋下了隐患。Mandarin, the official language of China, is suddenly hot in American schools. With the rapid development of Chinas economy in
37、 the 21th century, both public and private schools in America are scrambling to add Mandarin to their curricula of foreign languages or expanding Chinese language programs already in place. By some estimates, as many as 50 000 children nationwide are taking Mandarin in American schools. To develop C
38、hinese-language programs has met some difficulties. A shortage of professionally trained teachers with certificates has made it difficult for some schools to join the competition. When schools need to employ teachers, they often recruit them from China directly, which is a hidden trouble for culture
39、 clash.【翻译词汇】官方语言 official language 普通话 Mandarin 快速的 rapid 课程 curriculum (pl.curricula)已有的 in place 缺乏 shortage 受过专业训练 professionally trained 证书 certificate招聘 recruit 文化冲突 culture clash11. 从某种意义上说，汉语是一种很古老的语言，其最早的汉字已有近四千年的历史了。汉字在其漫长的发展史中演化成许多不同的书写形式，例如篆书、隶书、楷书和行书。中国书法家往往使汉字的字形夸张以取得艺术效果，例如旅游胜地的一些石刻碑文
40、。中国书法是一门研究艺术，随着各位学习兴趣的提高，我们将适时介绍中国书法的流派，以及如何欣赏中国书法的艺术性。In a sense, Chinese is a very old language, and its earliest characters date back nearly four thousand years ago. During their long history of development, Chinese characters have evolved into many different script forms, such as the Seal script
41、, Clerical script, Regular script and Running script. Chinese calligraphers usually render their Chinese characters in ways that exaggerate the form to yield artistic beauty, such as those in stone inscriptions seen in tourist resorts. Chinese calligraphy is a subject of artistic study. As your inte
42、rest in Chinese character system increases in the days to come, we will introduce in due time the different schools of Chinese calligraphy, and how to appreciate the artistic beauty of Chinese calligraphy.【翻译词汇】从某种意义上说 in a sense 汉字 Chinese character 演化 evolve 书写形式 script form篆书 Seal script 隶书 Cleri
43、cal script 楷书 Regular script 行书 Running script书法家 calligrapher 致使 render 取得 yield 旅游胜地 tourist resort 石刻碑文 stone inscription适时 in due time 欣赏 appreciate12. 从某种意义上说，汉语是一种很古老的语言，其最早的汉字已有近四千年的历史了。汉字在其漫长的发展史中演化成许多不同的书写形式，例如篆书、隶书、楷书和行书。中国书法家往往使汉字的字形夸张以取得艺术效果，例如旅游胜地的一些石刻碑文。中国书法是一门研究艺术，随着各位学习兴趣的提高，我们将适时介绍中
44、国书法的流派，以及如何欣赏中国书法的艺术性。中华民族的传统文化博大精深、源远流长。早在 2 000 多年前，就产生了儒家学说和道家学说，以及其他很多在中国思想史上有地位的学说流派，这就是有名的“诸子百家”。从孔夫子到孙中山，中华民族传统文化有它的很多珍贵品质。比如“天下兴亡，匹夫有责”的爱国情操，“民为邦本”、“民贵君轻”的民本思想和“己所不欲，勿施于人”的行为准则。The traditional Chinese culture, both extensive and profound, starts far back and runs a long, long course. More th
45、an 2 000 years ago, there emerged in China Confucianism and Taoism, and many other theories and doctrines that figured prominently in the history of Chinese thought, all being covered by the famous term “the Hundred Schools of Thought”. From Confucius to Dr. Sun Yat-sen, the traditional Chinese cult
46、ure presents many precious ideas. For example, they lay stress on. patriotism as embodied in the saying “Everybody is responsible for the rise or fall of the country.”, the populist ideas that “People are the foundation of the country.” and that “The people are more important than the monarch” and t
47、he code of conduct of “Dont do to others what you dont want others to do to you”.【翻译词汇】博大精深 both extensive and profound 儒家学说 Confucianism 道家学说 Taoism诸子百家 Hundred Schools of Thought 孔夫子 Confucius 孙中山 Dr. Sun Yat-sen天下兴亡，匹夫有责 Everybody is responsible for the rise or fall of the country.爱国情操 patriotism
48、 民为邦本 People are the foundation of the country.民贵君轻 The people are more important than the monarch.己所不欲，勿施于人 Dont do to others what you dont want others to do to you.行为准侧 code of conduct石刻碑文 stone inscription 适时 in due time 欣赏 appreciate13. 清明节的习俗是丰富有趣的，除了讲究禁火、扫墓，还有踏青、荡秋千、蹴鞠、打马球、插柳等一系列风俗体育活动。相传这是因为清
49、明节要寒食禁火，为了防止寒食冷藏伤身，所以大家来参加一些体育活动，以锻炼身体。因此，这个节日既有祭扫新坟生别死离得悲酸泪，又有踏青游玩的欢笑声，是一个富有特色的节日。Ching Ming Festival (the Tomb-sweeping Festival), the custom is full of interesting. In addition to pay attention to ban fire, tomb-sweeping, as well as spring outing, swinging, Cuju, playing polo, Liu inserted a series of custom sports. According to legend, this is because the Ching Ming Festival to Cold Food Observance ban fire, in order to prevent the Cold Food Observance buffet beverages, so we come to participate in some sports, in order to exercise. Therefore, this festival which has both
