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13、mprecise|含糊的 -不严密的Vanish-disappear|消失-消失While-although|当-的时候-虽然Wholesome-healthy|有益健康的 -健康的Widens-broadens|弄宽-变宽二、阅读判断：A Dogs Dilemma|狗的两难境地1. The African wild dog has been endangered.-R2. The spotted hyena is on the verge of extinction.-W3. The remaining lions will die out within decades.-N4. The d

14、ominant females is always left behind to protect the young.-W5. There is a tension between babysitting and hunting.-R6. The size of a pack must be big enough for it to survive.-R7. Steps will be taken to protect the African wild dog.-NBiodiesel|生物柴油1. Thailand suffers a lot due to the price slumps o

15、f its biodiesel.-N2. Biodiesel is superior in quality to traditional petroleum.-W3. Biodiesel can be made from coconut and palm oil, or from waste cooking oil.-R4. Malaysia, and the Philippines are the first countries in the world to have public policy supporting the commercialization of biodiesels.

16、-W5. Yuthachais fuel is welcomed by both farmers and ferry operators for its low prices.-R6. Yuthachai, the inventor of biodiesel, is currently the general manager of a US-Thailand joint venture in Bangkok.-N7. It seems that Yuthachai places his fellow farmers interest before his own.-RCrypto|密码1. T

17、echnology is like an art, which everybody including scientists loves.-N2. In the passage, drawbacks means the messages we send may be intercepted or overheard by non-intended receivers.-R3. With the widespread use of digital communications and e-commerce, encryption will become very urgent.-R4. We h

18、ave-R5. More and more activities performed in the physical world will be replaced by activities in the electronic world.-R6. The passage clearly concludes that we need a new organization to popularize encryption and authentication.-N7. Encryption can protect privacy, but can stop terrorism and drug

19、dealing as well.-WDangers await babies with altitude|高海拔的婴儿有危险1. According to the passage, one of the reasons why newborns in mountain communities are underweight is that their mothers are underweight.-W2. Giussanis team members are all British researchers and professors from Cambridge University.-N

20、3. Giussani did not expect to find that the weight of a baby had little to do with the financial conditions of the family he was born into.-R4. The weight of a newborn has to do with the supply of oxygen even when he was still in his mothers womb.-R5. High-altitude bodies have heads that are larger

21、than their bodies.-W6. High altitude babies have longer but thinner limbs than average-N7. Giussani has arrived at the conclusion that babies in high-altitude regions are more likely to have heart trouble when they grow up.-WEngineering ethics|工程道德1. Engineering ethics is a compulsory subject in eve

22、ry institute of science and technology in the United States.-N2. The number of students wishing to take the course of engineering ethics is declining at Texas A each hectare of field could be contaminated with up to 1 kilogram of the drugs. This concentration is high enough to trigger the developmen

23、t of resistance among bacteria. But vets are not treating the issue seriously.There is growing concern at the extent go which drugs, including antibiotics, are polluting the environment. Many drugs given to humans are also excreted unchanged and are not broken down by conventional sewage treatment.E

24、instein Named “person of the Century”爱因斯坦被称作“世纪之人”Albert Einstein, whose theories on space time and matter helped unravel the secrets of the atom and of the universe, was chosen as “Person of the Century” by Time magazine on Sunday.A man whose very name is synonymous with scientific genius, Einstein

25、 has come to represent more than any other person the flowering o 20th century scientific thought that set the stage for the age of technology.“The world has changed far more in the past 100 years than in any other century in history. The reason is not political or economic, but technological-techno

26、logies that flowed directly from advances in basic science,” wrote theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking in a Time essay explaining Einsteins significance. “Clearly, no scientist better represents those advances than Albert Einstein.”Time chose as runner-up President Franklin Roosevelt to represent

27、the triumph of freedom and democracy over fascism, and Mahatma Gandhi as an icon for a century when civil and human rights became crucial factors in global politics.“what we saw was Franklin Roosevelt embodying the great theme of freedoms fight against totalitarianism, Gandhi personifying the great

28、theme of individuals struggling for their rights, and Einstein being both a great genius and a great symbol of a scientific revolution that brought with it amazing technological advances that helped expand the growth of freedom,” said Time Magazine Editor Walter Isaacson.Einstein was born in Ulm, Ge

29、rmany in 1879. In his early years, Einstein did not show the promise of what he was to become. He was slow to learn to speak and did not do well in elementary school. He could not stomach organized learning and loathed taking exams.In 1905, however, he was to publish a theory which stands as one of

30、the most intricate examples of human imagination in history. In his “Special Theory of Relativity,” Einstein described how the only constant in the universe is the speed of light. Everything else-mass, weight, space, even time itself-is a variable. And he offered the world his now-famous equation: e

31、nergy equals mass times the speed of light squared-E=mc.“Indirectly, relativity paved the way for a new relativism in morality, art and politics,” Isaacson wrote in an essay explaining Times choices. “There was less faith in absolutes, not only of time and space but also of truth and morality.”Einst

32、eins famous equation was also the seed that led to the development of atomic energy and weapons. In 1939, six years after he fled European fascism and settled at Princeton University, Einstein, an avowed pacifist, signed a letter to President Roosevelt urging the United States to develop an atomic b

33、omb before Nazi Germany did. Roosevelt heeded the advice and formed the “Manhattan Project” that secretly developed the first atomic weapon. Einstein did not work on the project.Einstein died in Princeton, New Jersey in 1955.“Happy Birthday to You”祝你生日快乐The main problem in discussing American popula

34、r culture is also one of its main characteristics: it wont stay American. No matter what it is, whether it is films, food and fashion, music, casual sports or slang, its soon at home elsewhere in the world. There are several theories why American popular culture has had this appeal.One theory is tha

35、t it has been “advertised” and marketed through American films, popular music, and more recently, television. But this theory fails to explain why America films, music, and television programs are so popular in themselves. They are, after all, in competition with those produced by other countries.An

36、other theory, probably a more common one, is that American popular culture is internationally associated with something called “the spirit of America.” This spirit is variously described as being young and free, optimistic and confident, informal and disrespectful. The final theory is less complex:

37、American popular culture is popular because a lot of people in the world like it.Regardless of why it spreads, American popular culture is usually quite rapidly adopted and then adapted in many other countries. As a result, its American origins and roots are often quickly forgotten. “Happy Birthday

38、to You,” for instance, is such an everyday song that its source, its American copyright, so to speak, is not remembered. Black leather jackets worn by many heroes in American movies could be found, a generation later on all those young men who wanted to make this manly-look their own.Two areas where

39、 this continuing process is most clearly seen are clothing and music. Some people can still remember a time when T-shirts, jogging clothes, tennis shoes, denim jackets, and blue jeans were not common daily wear everywhere. Only twenty years ago, it was possible to spot an American in Paris by his or

40、 her clothes. No longer so: those bright colors, checkered jackets and trousers, hats and socks which were once made fun of in cartoons are back again in Paris as the latest fashion. American in origin, informal clothing has become the worlds first truly universal style. The situation with American

41、popular music is more complex because in the beginning, when it was still clearly American, it was often strongly resisted. Jazz was once thought to be a great danger to youth and their morals, and was actually outlawed in several countries. Today, while still showing its rather American roots, it h

42、as become so well established. Rock n roll and all its variations, country its also a constant reminder that Yellowstone sits on one of the largest volcanoes in the world. If youve never heard of Yellowstones volcano, youre not alone. The volcano is so inconspicuous that few people know it exists. Y

43、et it has erupted three times during the last 2 million years. And one of those eruptions spewed enough volcanic ash and other debris to blanket half the United States.Yellowstones volcano is sometimes called a “supervolcano,” or extremely large and explosive caldera volcano. Three calderas make up

44、more than a third of Yellowstone National Park. This supervolcano formed over a hot spot, an extremely hot area in Earths mantle. John Valley, a volcano professor, said that as the crust moves across a hot spot, the hot spot melts a section of the plate moving over it, forming “one volcano after ano

45、ther.”The Yellowstone hot spot melts thick continental crust, which any cause catastrophic eruptions. According to experts the eruptions that created each of the three calderas in and around Yellowstone National Park were larger than any other volcanic eruption in recorded history. The most recent e

46、ruption, which happened 640,000 years ago, produced at least 1,000 cubic kilometers of ash and debris, which blanketed most of the western half of the United States. The first Yellowstone eruption, 2 million years ago released more than double that amount of ash and debris.Geological evidence shows

47、Yellowstone has blown its stack every 700,000 years or so. “If nature were truly that regular and reliable, we would be due for another eruption soon,” said Valley. “However, these processes are subject to variability, so we dont really know when the next eruption will happen.”While the active geolo

48、gist processes at Yellowstone do pose some risk to the pubic, they also make it a unique treasure. It is the volcanic energy that powers the geysers and hot springs, creates the mountains and canyons, and generates the unique ecosystems that support Yellowstones diverse wildlife.The worlds longest b

49、ridge 世界上最长的桥Rumor has it that a legendary six-headed monster lurks in the deep waters of the Tyrrhenian Sea between Italy and the island of Sicily. If true, one day you might spy the beast while zipping across the Messina. When completed in 2010, the worlds longest bridge will weigh nearly 300,000tonw-equivalent to the iceberg that sank the Titanic and stretch 5 kilometers long. “thats nearly 50 percent longer than

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