1、1 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions .阅读理解 (2018福建福州八县一中第二次月考)Three Chilean students got the idea for a plant-powered device to charge their cellphones,while sitting in their schools outdoor courtyard during a break from exams,with dead mobile phones.Then,one of them had an “aha” moment. “It occurred t
2、o Camila to say about plants,” said inventor Evelyn Aravena.“There are so many plants and living things that have the potential to produce energy;why dont they have a charging outlet?” Their invention a small biological circuit (生物电路板) called E-Kaiatakes advantage of the energy plants produce during
3、 photosynthesis (光合作用).A plant uses only a small amount of that energythe rest goes into the soil,and thats where the E-Kaia collects it.The device literally plugs into the ground and then into your phone. “They brought the prototype;the prototype workedand thats when it all changed.Its the most ama
4、zing project Ive ever seen in my life,plain and simple,but it was transformational.And I began to support them,” said Mauricio Cifuentes of Duoc University. The device solved two problems for the engineering studentsthey needed an idea for a class project and an outlet to plug in their phones. “Look
5、ing for a place to charge the mobile phones and the notebook that had no energy,we werent able to find anything because all the other students were in the same state of madness trying to find a place to charge their devices,” said Aravena. But plants are everywhere,and the biological circuit uses th
6、eir excess power.“There is a complete energy cycle of the plant.We decided to incorporate into the cycle,and then we would not affect the plants growth.The biological circuit makes an acquisition and that is transformed into energy to later make charges for low consumption,” said inventor Camila Rup
7、cich.The E-Kaia doesnt carry much charge,but its powerful enough to completely recharge a mobile phone in less than two hours. The student inventors have applied for patent on their technology,and expect the E-Kaia to go on sale in December. 1.According to the text,the E-Kaia . A.should be put into
8、a mobile phone B.may slightly affect the plants growth C.collects the energy plants produce from the soil D.consumes several hours to charge a mobile phone2 2.The underlined word “prototype” in Para.4 can be replaced by “ ”. A.original model B.outdoor plant C.mobile phone D.key concept 3.The inventi
9、on of the plant-powered device shows that . A.good things require time B.wisdom is better than strength C.necessity is the mother of invention D.God helps those who help themselves 4.What is the main idea of the text? A.Photosynthesis brings plants energy. B.There are efficient ways to charge phones
10、. C.The energy cycle of the plant is quite powerful. D.Chilean students find a green way to charge phones. 导学号23280152 .七选五阅读 Secret codes (密码)keep messages private.Banks,companies,and government agencies use secret codes in doing business,especially when information is sent by computer. People have
11、 used secret codes for thousands of years. 1 Code breaking never lags (落后) far behind code making.The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography. There are three main types of cryptography. 2 For example,the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” spell out the h
12、idden message “Meet me.” 3 You might represent each letter with a number,for example.Lets number the letters of the alphabet,in order,from 1 to 26.If we substitute a number for each letter,the message “Meet me” would read “13 5 5 20 13 5.” A code uses symbols to replace words,phrases,or sentences.To
13、 read the message of a real code,you must have a code book. 4 For example,“bridge” might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “Bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.” 5 However,it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long.So codes must be changed frequently. A.It is
14、 very hard to break a code without the code book. B.In any language,some letters are used more than others. C.Only people who know the keyword can read the message. D.As long as there have been codes,people have tried to break them. E.You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word s
15、pell it out. F.With a code book,you might write down words that would stand for other words. G.Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.3 导学号23280153 .短文改错 (2018福建福州八县一中第二次月考) In order to be successful,you should first of all never give up whateve
16、r happen.If you fail,you should never lose heart.In the contrary,you must build up your confidence or work even harder.You should always remember that working hard was the key to success.Besides,you should pay a great attention to your working methods.That is necessary for you to take every chance i
17、mprove them.Finally,you should try to get along well with your co-workers,cared for each other and helping each other.If you follow these rule,you will certain achieve great success in the future. 导学号23280154 答案： .【解题导语】本文为说明文,题材为日常生活类。家中绿植的作用不再只是美化环境:如今,家 中的绿植还可以用来给手机充电。 1.C 细节理解题。由第三段的第二、三句可知,植物只能
18、使用一小部分通过光合作用产生的能量, 剩余的能量会进入土壤中,而 E-Kaia正是从土壤中收集能量。 2.A 词义猜测题。由画线词前后的brought和worked以及最后段的“to go on sale in December”可推知,它指的是这种还未进行销售的植物充电的“原型样品(original model)”。 3.C 推理判断题。由第一段可知,发明者之一是在带着没电的手机坐在户外时突发奇想得到的这 个灵感,由第五、六段可知,学生们经常找不到可以给手机或者笔记本充电的地方,故“需要是发明 之母”最合适。 4.D 主旨大意题。文章首句为中心句,开门见山地讲述了智利学生发明了一种可以给手机
19、充电的 绿色装置。 .【解题导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了设置密码的重要性和必要性、密码的历史、隐藏信 息的方式以及密码本的重要性。 1.D 根据下文出现的Code breaking可知,此处介绍的是破译密码的内容,因此选择D项“只要有 密码存在,人们就试图破译它”。 2.E 根据下文举出的例子可知,此处介绍的是隐藏信息的方式之一:把信息隐藏在每一个单词的首 字母中,然后把首字母拼在一起,信息就出来了。 3.G 根据下文举出的例子可知,此处介绍的是隐藏信息的另一种方式:用符号或数字代替特定的字 母。 4.F 根据上文出现的a code book以及下文列举的例子可知,此处说明,用一本密码本,
20、你可以写 下代表其他单词的词语。 5.A 根据下文出现的also hard以及a code book可知,此处想要说明的是,没有密码本想要破解 密码是很困难的。 . In order to be successful,you should first of all never give up whatever .If you fail,you should never lose heart. the contrary,you must build up 4 your confidence work even harder.You should always remember that work
21、ing hard the key to success.Besides,you should pay agreat attention to your working methods. is necessary for you to take every chance improve them.Finally,you should try to get along well with your co-workers, for each other and helping each other.If you follow these ,you will achieve great success
22、 in the future. 1.happenhappens 考查主谓一致。在give up后的宾语从句中,whatever是从句主语,谓语应该 用“三单”形式。 2.InOn 考查介词短语。On the contrary为固定搭配。 3.orand 考查连词。“build up your confidence”和“work even harder”之间是承接关系,用 and代替or。 4.wasis 考查时态。本文所述道理为一般道理,用现在时态,把was改为is。 5.去掉a 考查动词短语。pay attention to为固定短语,不含有不定代词a。 6.ThatIt 考查代词。本句的真
23、正主语为不定式短语,只能用it而不能用that来做形式主语。 7.improve前加to 考查非谓语动词。take every chance的目的是“improve them”,插入to做 目的状语。 8.caredcaring 考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语should try,那么care只能做伴随状语,对句 子的主语而言是“主动”关爱彼此,用现在分词形式。 9.rulerules 考查名词单复数用法。上文列举几条规则,故此处rule应用复数形式rules。 10.certaincertainly 考查形容词与副词。谓语部分为will achieve,修饰谓语的词应为副词, 故用certainly代替certain。
