1、IVAO-CN Division VHHK-FIRIVAO Hong Kong FIR Operation Guide Flight Simulation Only, Not For Real World AviationNingqian Feng9/28/2007Hong Kong FIR Operation GuideIVAO-CN Division Hong Kong FIR Page | 2Contents1.1 Units of Measurement .31.2 Time System .31.3 Altimeter Setting .41.4 ATS Airspace Class
2、ification .41.5 Visual Flight Rules.51.6 VFR Cruising Levels.51.7 Instrument Flight Rules .61.8 IFR Cruising Levels .61.9 General Speed Control .61.10 Communication Procedures.71.10.1 Frequency Change .71.10.2 Traffic Leaving Hong Kong FIR .71.10.3 Position Report .71.10.4 Read back .71.11 Radar Sep
3、aration Minima.81.12 Wake Turbulence Radar Separation Minima .81.13 SSR Code Assignment .81.14 Flight Level Assignment Scheme (FLAS) .91.14.1 FLAS between Hong Kong and Manila FIR .91.14.2 FLAS between Hong Kong and Guangzhou FIR.91.14.3 FLAS between Hong Kong and Sanya FIR.91.14.4 FLAS between Hong
4、 Kong and Shantou ACC .101.14.5 FLAS between Hong Kong and Zhanjiang ACC .10Hong Kong FIR Operation GuideIVAO-CN Division Hong Kong FIR Page | 31.14.6 FLAS between Hong Kong and Taipei FIR .101.15 Flight Plan.111.16 Other Rules.111.1 Units of MeasurementThe units of measurement used in all air and g
5、round operations are listed as below:QUANTITY UNIT OF MEASUREMENTDistance used in navigation Nautical Miles (NM) *Relatively short distances (e.g. runwaylength)Metres (m)Altitudes, elevations and heights Feet (ft)Horizontal speed including wind Knots (kt)Vertical speed Feet per minute (ft/min)Wind d
6、irection for take-off and landing Degrees Magnetic (M)Wind direction except for take-off and landing Degrees True (T)Visibility Metres and Kilometres (m, km)Barometric pressure Hectopascals (hPa)Temperature Degrees Celsius (C)Weight Tonnes or Kilogrammes (t, kg)Time Hours and minutes, the day of 24h
7、ours beginning at midnight UTC(hhmm)* International nautical miles, for which conversion into metres is given by :1 nautical mile - 1 852 metres.1.2 Time SystemCo-ordinated Universal Time (UTC) is used in the air traffic and communication services and in documents published for international distrib
8、ution by the Aeronautical Information Service. Hong Kong Standard Time is 8 hours ahead of UTC.Hong Kong FIR Operation GuideIVAO-CN Division Hong Kong FIR Page | 41.3 Altimeter SettingTransition altitude is 9 000 ft.The transition level is to be determined in accordance with the following QNH value
9、at Hong Kong International Airport : 980 hPa or above - FL110 979 hPa or below - FL120Aircraft operating beyond a range of 50 NM from Hong Kong International Airport, and those within 50 NM of the Airport but at or above the transition level will use an altimeter setting of 1013.2 hPa.Aircraft opera
10、ting within 50 NM of Hong Kong International Airport at or below the transition altitude (9 000 ft) will use the local QNH setting supplied by ATC.Aircraft wishing to operate within 50 NM of Hong Kong International Airport shall not flight plan to cruise at levels between the transition altitude and
11、 FL120.1.4 ATS Airspace ClassificationThe Hong Kong FIR airspace is classified as following table:Airspace Levels Classification8000ft Unlimited A2000ft 8000ft CWithin 50 NM of CH DME (excluding airspace within and above Hong Kong CTR and UCARAs) Surface 2000ft F8000ft Unlimited AExceeding 50 NM fro
12、m CH DME but within Hong Kong TMA Surface 8000ft FAbove Hong Kong CTR 9000ft Unlimited AHong Kong CTR Surface 9000ft C9000ft Unlimited AAbove UCARAsUpper limit of UCARAs 9000ft CUCARAs Surface Upper limit of UCARAs G8000ft Unlimited AAirspace south of Hong Kong TMASurface 8000ft GHong Kong FIR Opera
13、tion GuideIVAO-CN Division Hong Kong FIR Page | 51.5 Visual Flight RulesVFR flights shall be conducted in conditions of visibility and distance from cloud, the same as or greater than those specified in the following table, (except when operating as a Special VFR flight) :AirspaceClassificationFligh
14、t Visibility Distance from CloudC 5 KM 1 500 m horizontally and 1 000 ft vertically1 500 m horizontally and 1 000 ft vertically5 KMat or below 3 000 ft remains clear of cloud and in sight of surfacean aircraft, other than a helicopter at or below 3 000 ft at an airspeed of 140kt or less in a flight
15、visibility of 1 500 m and remains clear of cloudF and Ga helicopter at or below 3 000 ft at a speed, with due regard to visibility, is reasonable, remains clear of cloud and in sight of surfaceVFR Flight is normally not allowed at night, except Special VFR within a control zone authorized by control
16、ler.1.6 VFR Cruising LevelsA VFR flight operating in level cruising flight above 3 000 ft from the ground or water within Hong Kong airspace outside of controlled airspace shall be flown at a cruising level appropriate to its magnetic track as specified in the following table :Magnetic Track Cruisin
17、g Levels000 - 179 Odd thousands plus 500 ft180 - 359 Even thousands plus 500 ft180 - 359 000 - 1793500 ft4500 ft5500 ft6500 ft7500 ftHong Kong FIR Operation GuideIVAO-CN Division Hong Kong FIR Page | 61.7 Instrument Flight RulesAn aircraft flying in IMC or at night shall be flown in accordance with
18、the Instrument Flight Rules unless ATC authorize a Special VFR flight in accordance with special instructions.Change from IFR to VFR flight is not permitted in controlled airspace.1.8 IFR Cruising LevelsThe allocation of IFR cruising flight levels within Hong Kong Reduced Vertical Separation Minima
19、(RVSM) airspace shall be flown at a cruising level appropriate to its magnetic track as specified in the following table:Magnetic Track Up to FL 410 Above FL 410000 - 179 Odd thousands of feet FL 410, 450, 490 etc.180 - 359 Even thousands of feet FL 430, 470, 510 etc.An IFR flight operating in level
20、 cruising flight within Hong Kong Conventional Vertical Separation Airspace (CVSM) airspace shall be flown at a cruising level appropriate to its magnetic track as specified in the following table:Magnetic Track Up to FL 410 Above FL 410000 - 179 Odd thousands of feet FL 290, 330, 370 etc.180 - 359
21、Even thousands of feet FL 310, 350, 390 etc.1.9 General Speed ControlAircraft shall fly 250knots IAS or less below FL110. Speed control shall be in force unless otherwise advised - pilots will be individually informed by ATC when speed control is cancelled. Aircraft unable to comply with the specifi
22、ed speeds should inform ATC as soon as possible so that alternative action can be taken.Hong Kong FIR Operation GuideIVAO-CN Division Hong Kong FIR Page | 71.10 Communication Procedures1.10.1 Frequency ChangeAt all other times when changing frequency, the first communication on the new frequency sha
23、ll include the aircraft callsign, current flight level or altitude, and assigned flight level or altitude if different.1.10.2 Traffic Leaving Hong Kong FIRAircraft leaving Hong Kong FIR are to remain on Hong Kong control frequency until instructed.1.10.3 Position ReportPosition reports may be reques
24、ted by ATC for control purpose. Position reports shall be made when over, or as soon as possible after passing.1.10.4 Read backTo ensure correct receipt of information, unless otherwise instructed pilots are required to read back the following: ATC route clearances. All clearances to enter, land on,
25、 take off on, cross and backtrack the runway in use. Runways in use, altimeter settings, squawk code, level instructions, heading and speed instructions.Hong Kong FIR Operation GuideIVAO-CN Division Hong Kong FIR Page | 81.11 Radar Separation MinimaFor flexibility, the minimum horizontal radar separ
26、ation is 5 NM, accordance with ICAO Doc. 4444 PANS/ATM.1.12 Wake Turbulence Radar Separation MinimaThe following wake turbulence radar separation minima shall be applied to aircraft: when operating directly behind or crossing behind another aircraft at the same altitude or less than 1 000 ft below;
27、when both aircraft are using the same landing runway.Aircraft CategoryPreceding Aircraft Succeeding AircraftWake Turbulence Radar Separation MinimaHeavy 4.0 NMMedium 5.0 NMHeavyLight 6.0 NMMedium Light 5.0 NM1.13 SSR Code AssignmentAircraft operating in the Hong Kong FIR can expect to be assigned SS
28、R Codes (in IVAO we simplified as Squawk Code) as follows:Flight Status SSR CodeDeparting trafficTraffic diverting from Hong Kong3501 - 35775101 - 5177*5301 - 5377Arriving traffic if not already assigned a SSR code by previous ATC unitsLocal traffic5201 - 5277Overflying traffic if not already assign
29、ed a SSR code by previous ATC units3501 - 35775301 - 5377Pilots of aircraft outbound from Hong Kong or inbound to Hong Kong shall set transponder on Mode C. If no code has been assigned (for example, ATC is not online), set transponder on code 2000. In the case of emergency, set transponder on code
30、7700.For lost communication, set transponder on code 7600.Hijack is not allowed to simulate in IVAO.Hong Kong FIR Operation GuideIVAO-CN Division Hong Kong FIR Page | 91.14 Flight Level Assignment Scheme (FLAS)1.14.1 FLAS between Hong Kong and Manila FIRRoutes Direction FLAS LevelsHong Kong to Manil
31、a FIR FL290, FL330, FL370, FL410, etc.A461 and A583 Manila FIR to Hong Kong FL280, FL310, FL350, FL390, etc.RNP10 Route M772Manila FIR to Hong Kong FL310, FL3901.14.2 FLAS between Hong Kong and Guangzhou FIRRoutes Direction FLAS LevelsDeparting/Transiting Hong Kong Landing GuangzhouPrimary S0420Seco
32、ndary S0450Departing Hong Kong Transiting Guangzhou FIRS0480ATS RouteA461Transiting Hong Kong and Guangzhou FIRS0810, S0900, S1020, S1140, S1260ATS Route B330Guangzhou FIR Transiting Hong KongS0840, S0900, S0960, S1020, S1080, S1140, S1200, S1260ATS Route R473Guangzhou FIR Transiting Hong KongFL170,
33、 FL180, FL190, FL200, FL210, FL220, FL230, FL240, FL2501.14.3 FLAS between Hong Kong and Sanya FIRRoutes Direction FLAS LevelsSanya Hong Kong FL090, FL110, FL130 etc to FL270ATS RouteA1 Hong Kong Sanya FL100, FL120, FL140 etc to FL280. Sanya Hong Kong FL290, FL330, FL370, FL410, FL450.RNP10 Route P9
34、01Hong Kong Sanya FL350, FL390, FL430.RNP10 Route L642Hong Kong Sanya FL300, FL320,FL340, FL360, FL380, FL400RNP10 Route M771Sanya Hong Kong FL300, FL320,FL340, FL360, FL380, FL400Hong Kong FIR Operation GuideIVAO-CN Division Hong Kong FIR Page | 101.14.4 FLAS between Hong Kong and Shantou ACCRoutes
35、 Direction FLAS LevelsDepart Shantou landing Hong Kong / Macao / transiting Hong KongS0540Transiting Shantou Landing Hong Kong or MacaoTransiting Hong KongS0660, S0720, S0780, FL280, FL310 (FL350, FL390 on request)ATS Route A470Exit Hong Kong - landing at:ShantouXiamen or JinjiangFuzhou or WuyishanA
36、erodromes other than thoselisted aboveS0510S0690, S0750S0690, S0750, S0810, FL290FL290, FL330, FL370, FL4101.14.5 FLAS between Hong Kong and Zhanjiang ACCRoutes Direction FLAS LevelsZhanjiang to Hong Kong:Departing HaikouDeparting SanyaPoints beyond ASSADS0630S0750S0900, S1020, S1140, S1260ATS Route A202Hong Kong to Zhanjiang :Landing HaikouLanding SanyaPoints beyond ASSADS0660, S0720S0780S1080, S1200Zhanjiang to Hong Kong:Departing Zhanjiang S0570ATS Route R339Hong Kong to Zhanjiang :Landing ZhanjiangLanding Beihai/NanningPoints beyond NanningS0600S0720, S0780S0960, S1080, S1200
