1、62 UED 城市环境设计 063 | 07 | 2012Qingdao grand theater青岛大剧院项目名称：青岛大剧院 设计者： 曼哈德冯格康、斯特凡胥茨、尼古拉斯博兰克 项目地点：青岛委托人：青岛国信大剧院有限公司 总建筑面积：60 000m2歌剧院座席数：1 600个音乐和多功能厅座席数：1200个多功能厅座席数：400个建设时间：2005年2010年手绘：斯特凡胥茨摄影：Christian Gahl图纸：gmp(.1 BMBO JOEE / UED NEW ARCHITECTURE 新建筑gmp剧院项目的中国实践 gmp THEATRE pRojECT pRACTICE IN
2、 CHINA63(.1 BMBO JOEE /64 UED 城市环境设计 063 | 07 | 20122012年10月，新建的青岛大剧院正式开放。在2004年举行的设计竞赛中，冯格康、玛格及合伙人事务所的设计方案在与12家国际事务所的激烈竞争中脱颖而出，项目历时近五年建设完工。青岛大剧院内设一座可容纳1 600名观众的歌剧厅、一座1 200个席位的音乐厅以及一个可容纳 400人的多功能厅，除此之外还设有一个博物馆和拥有300个房间的宾馆。青岛大剧院是继2009年竣工的重庆大剧院之后，gmp建筑师事务所在中国建成的第二座同类型建筑。大剧院坐落于青岛以东，黄海之上的浮山湾和崂山山脉（海拔1 13
3、0m）之间。崂山所在位置得天独厚， 山体临海而立，层峦叠嶂，雾气氤氲，身在其中令人有入画境之感。剧院建筑的形体正是受到这一无与伦比自然风光启发：山峦刚劲和云雾飘逸刻了整象如同峰般，拔地而起，而像浮云一样轻盈的屋顶环绕其四周。巨大的平台从周边的公园景观中升起，仿佛坐落于山脉中的平原，依山面海，视野极佳。独立的歌剧院建筑体位于综合北面，直接享有向海岸视野。观众可通过两种途径进入大厅即从底层型衣帽间下楼座或经其上的剧院入口前厅进入。在口前处，透过大面积的玻璃幕墙，人们可将室外平台、公园直至壮阔的黄海景色尽收眼底。此处的墙面、地板均采用当出产的天然石材铺装，凸现了建筑地域性特色。舞台和后潢品质各方面均
4、达到国际标准除此之外其布局设置灵活可适应不同规模及形式演出活动，例如歌剧、音乐剧、芭蕾舞剧或杂技表演。楼座和两座空中平台保证了观众欣赏节目的理想视角。音乐厅和多功能厅位于同一建筑体内。其功能单位设置相互独立，使两座大厅同时举行演出活动并且互不干扰成为可能。音乐厅的入口前厅位于建筑二层，这里除该入口外还设有衣帽间和一部分餐饮功能。观众厅的内施以及声学计均达到国际标准半圆形乐池保证了队指挥、团合唱之完美视线交流。一座宽敞气派的楼梯将人们引导至底层的多功能大厅，这里可举行会议、庆典、展览等各种大型活动。(.1 BMBO JOEE / UED NEW ARCHITECTURE 新建筑gmp剧院项目的中
5、国实践 gmp THEATRE pRojECT pRACTICE IN CHINA65(.1 BMBO JOEE /66 UED 城市环境设计 063 | 07 | 2012首层平面图 4.5m平面图13.5m平面图9m平面图(.1 BMBO JOEE / UED NEW ARCHITECTURE 新建筑gmp剧院项目的中国实践 gmp THEATRE pRojECT pRACTICE IN CHINA67The new opera house for the metropolis of Qingdao in Eastern China was opened in October 2010.
6、In a competition held in 2004, the design by architects von Gerkan, Marg und Partner beat off rival bids from eleven international firms. Construction has taken just under five years. The Qingdao Grand Theater includes an opera house that can accommodate up to 1,600 people, a concert hall for 1,200
7、and a multi-function hall with 400 seats. In addition, there are a museum and a hotel with 300 rooms.Qingdao Grand Theater is architects gmps second venture of this kind in China, following Chongqing Opera House, which was completed in 2009.Qingdao Grand Theater is situated on the eastern side of th
8、e city between a bay in the Yellow Sea and Mount Laoshan (1,130m above sea level). Because of the unique situation of the massif directly by the sea, the Laoshan ridge is often wreathed in cloud, which creates a unique setting. The style of the building echoes the enchanting landscape, with the mass
9、if and the lightness of the clouds reflected in the appearance of the opera house. It rises from the landscape like a mountain-and a cloud-like roof seems to wreathe the four buildings. The raised terraces in the surrounding park are reminiscent of a mountain plateau, and take their bearings both fr
10、om the sea and the mountains.The opera house itself lies at the northern end of the ensemble of buildings, offering direct views of the coast. Audiences can enter the auditorium on two levels, either via the lower level, giving access to the large cloakrooms and the lower circle, or via the main foy
11、er above with its large glass facades and view of the terrace, park and Yellow Sea. The walls and floor of the foyer are clad with local stone, which emphasizes the affinity of the building with the mountain.The stage and backstage areas are equipped to the highest international standards. They are
12、flexibly designed so that events of different nature and scale can be performed, whether operas, musicals, ballet or acrobatic performances. The upper circle and dress circle levels offer optimum sightlines for the whole audience.The concert hall and multifunction hall are accommodated in a single s
13、tructure, but their functions have been clearly separated from each other so that two events can be staged simultaneously and independently of each other. The foyer of the concert hall is on the upper floor, which gives access not only to the concert hall but also the cloakrooms and a section of the
14、 catering facilities. The auditorium complies with international standards in equipment and acoustics. The semi-circular stage allows the conductor, his orchestra and the choir to see each other clearly. The multifunction hall is accessed via a broad flight of steps on the lower flower, and can be u
15、sed for conferences, festive events or exhibitions, etc.(.1 BMBO JOEE /68 UED 城市环境设计 063 | 07 | 2012剧院剖面图(.1 BMBO JOEE / UED NEW ARCHITECTURE 新建筑gmp剧院项目的中国实践 gmp THEATRE pRojECT pRACTICE IN CHINA69音乐厅剖面图(.1 BMBO JOEE /70 UED 城市环境设计 063 | 07 | 2012(.1 BMBO JOEE / UED NEW ARCHITECTURE 新建筑gmp剧院项目的中国实践 gmp THEATRE pRojECT pRACTICE IN CHINA71(.1 BMBO JOEE /72 UED 城市环境设计 063 | 07 | 2012(.1 BMBO JOEE / UED NEW ARCHITECTURE 新建筑gmp剧院项目的中国实践 gmp THEATRE pRojECT pRACTICE IN CHINA73(.1 BMBO JOEE /
