1、 第 1 页 2018 年 6 月大学英语六级考试真题 (第 1 套） Part I Writing (30minutes) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the importance of building trust between employer and employees. You can cite examples to illustrate your views. You should write at least 150 words but
2、 no more than 200 words. Part II Listening Comprehension (30minutes) Section A Directions:In this section, you will hear two long conversations At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question,
3、you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 1. A). She is the owner of a special cafe. B). She sells a sp
4、ecial kind of coffee. C). She advocates animal protection. D). She is going to start a cafe chain. 2. A). They help take care of customers pets. B). They are a profitable business sector. C). They cater to different customers. D). They bear a lot of similarities. 3. A). By selecting breeds that are
5、tame and peaceful. B). By giving them regular cleaning and injections. C). By placing them at a safe distance from customers. D). By briefing customers on how to get along with them. 4. A). They give her cafe favorite reviews. B). They like to bring in their children. C). They love the animals in he
6、r cafe. D). They want to learn about rabbits. Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 5. A). It can cause obesity. B). It is mostly garbage. C). It contains too many additives. D). It lacks the essential vitamins. 6. A). TV commercials. B). Its fancy design. C). Its taste
7、 and texture. D). Peer influence. 7. A). Offering children more variable to choose from. B). Trying to trick children into buying their products. C). Marketing their products with ordinary ingredients. D). Investing heavily in the production of sweet foods. 8. A). They favored chocolate-coated sweet
8、s. B). They like the food advertised on TV. C). They hardly had food. D). They seldom had junk food. 第 2 页 Section B Directions:In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.
9、 After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard. 9. A). Tombs of ancient rulers. B). T
10、ypical Egyptian animal farms. C). Ruins left by devastating floods. D). Stretches of farmland. 10. A). It provides habitats for more primitive tribes. B). It is hardly associated with great civilizations. C). It gathers water from many tropical rain forests. D). It has not yet been fully explored an
11、d exploited. 11. A). It has numerous human settlements along its banks. B). It is second only to the Mississippi River in width. C). It is as long as the Nile and the Yangtze combined. D). It carries about one fifth of the word fresh water. Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just h
12、eard. 12. A). All of us actually yearn for a slow and calm life. B). The search for tranquility has become a trend. C). We are always in a rush to do various things. D). Living a life in the fast lane leads to success. 13. A). She enjoyed the various social events. B). She was accustomed to tight sc
13、hedules. C). She had trouble balancing family and work. D). She spent all her leisure time writing books. 14. A). The fatigue from living a fast-paced life. B). Becoming aware of her declining health. C). Reading a book about slowing down. D). The possibility of ruining her family. 15. A). She came
14、to enjoy doing everyday tasks. B). She started to follow the cultural norms C). She learn to use more polite expressions. D). She stopped using to-do lists and calendars. Section C Directions:In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. Th
15、e recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just hear
16、d. 16. A). They will root out native species altogether. B). They will crossbreed with native species. C). They pose a threat to the local ecosystem. D). They contribute to a regions biodiversity. 17. A). Their distinctions are artificial. B). Their definitions are changeable. C). Their interactions
17、 are hard to define. D). Their classifications are meaningful. 18. A). Only 10 percent of them can be naturalized. B). Few of them can survive in their new habitats. C). They may turn to benefit the local environment. 第 3 页 D). Only a few of them cause problems to native species. Questions 19 to 21
18、are based on the recording you have just heard. 19. A). Adopt the right business strategies. B). Attend their business seminars. C). Respect their traditional culture. D). Research their specific demands. 20. A). Clicking your fingers loudly in their presence. B). Drinking alcohol on certain days of
19、 a month. C). Giving gifts a great value. D). Showing them your palm. 21. A). They have a break from 2:00 to 5:30 p.m. B). They trend to friendly and enthusiastic. C). They have a strong sense of worth. D). They are very easy to satisfy. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just he
20、ard. 22. A). He had the companys boardroom extensively renovated. B). He completely changed the companys culture. C). He took over the sales department of Readers Digest. D). He collected paintings by world-famous artists. 23. A). Its articles should entertain blue-and pink-collar workers. B). Its a
21、rticles should be short and inspiring. C). It should be sold at a reasonable price. D). Its articles should be published in the worlds leading languages. 24. A). He served as a church minster for many years. B). He knew how to make the magazine profitable. C). He treated the employees like members o
22、f his family. D). He suffered many setbacks and misfortunes in his life. 25. A). It carried many more advertisements. B). Its subscriptions increased considerably. C). George Grune joined it as an ad salesman. D). Several hundred of its employees got fired. Part III Reading Comprehension (40minutes)
23、 Section A Directions:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a l
24、etter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage. Did Sarah Josepha Hale write “Mary s Little Lamb,” the eternal nurser
25、y rhyme (儿歌 ) about a girl named Mary with a stubborn lamb? This is still dispute , but its clear that the woman _26_ for writing it was one of America s most fascinating _27 _. In honor of the poem s publication on May 24， 1830， heres more about the _28_ author s life. Hale wasnt just a writer, she
26、 was also a _29_ social advocate, and she was particularly _30_ with an ideal New England, which she associated with abundant Thanksgiving meals that she claimed had “a deep moral influence.” she began a nationwide _31_ to have a national holiday declared that would bring families together while 第 4
27、 页 celebrating the _32_ festivals. In 1863, after 17 years of advocacy including letters to five presidents， Hale got it. President Abraham Lincoln, during the Civil War, issued a _33_ setting aside the last Thursday in November for the holiday. The true authorship of “Marys Little Lamb” is disputed
28、 According to New England Historical Society, Hale wrote only one part of the poem, but claimed authorship. Regardless of the author, it seems that the poem was _34_by a real event. When young Mary Sawyer was followed to school by a lamb in 1816, it caused some problems. A bystander named John Rouls
29、tone wrote a poem about the event, then, at some point, Hale herself seems to have helped write it. However, if a 1916 piece by her great-niece is to be trusted, Hale claimed for the _35_of her life that “Some other people pretended that someone else wrote the poem”. A). campaign B). career C). char
30、acters D). features E). fierce F). inspired G). latter H). obsessed I). proclamation J). rectified K). reputed L). rest M). supposed N). traditional O). versatile Section B Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains inform
31、ation given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2. Grow Plants Without Water A. Ever since hu
32、manity began to farm our own food, weve faced the unpredictable rain that is both friend and enemy. It comes and goes without much warning, and a field of lush (茂盛的 ) leafy greens one year can dry up and blow away the next. Food security and fortunes depend on sufficient rain, and nowhere more so th
33、an in Africa, where 96% of farmland depends on rain instead of the irrigation common in more developed places. It has consequences : South Africas ongoing droughtthe worst in three decades will cost at least a quarter of its com crop this year. B. Biologist Jill Farrant of the University of Cape Tow
34、n in South Africa says that nature has plenty of answers for people who want to grow crops in places with unpredictable rainfall. She is hard at work finding a way to take traits from rare wild plants that adapt to extreme dry weather and use them in food crops. As the earths climate changes and rai
35、nfall becomes even less predictable in some places, those answers will grow even more valuable.“The type of farming Im aiming for is literally so that people can survive as its going to get more and more dry,“Farrant says. C. Extreme conditions produce extremely tough plants. In the rusty red desert
36、s of South Africa, steep-sided rocky hills called inselbergs rear up from the plains like the bones of the earth. The hills are remnants of an earlier geological era, scraped bare of most soil and exposed to the elements. Yet on these and similar formations in deserts around the world, a few fierce
37、plants have adapted to endure under ever-changing conditions. D. Farrant calls them resurrection plants (复苏植物 ) . During months without water under a harsh sun. They wither, shrink and contract until they look like a pile of dead gray leaves. But rainfall can revive them in a matter of hours. Her ti
38、me-lapse (间歇性拍摄的 ) videos of the revivals look like someone playing a tape of the plants death in reverse. 第 5 页 E. The big difference between“drought-tolerant“ plants and these tough plants: metabolism. Many different kinds of plants have developed tactics to weather dry spells. Some plants store r
39、eserves of water to see them through a drought ; others send roots deep down to subsurface water supplies. But once these plants use up their stored reserve or tap out the underground supply, they cease growing and start to die. They may be able to handle a drought of some length, and many people us
40、e the term “drought tolerant“ to describe such plants, but they never actually stop needing to consume water, so Farrant prefers to call them drought resistant. F. Resurrection plants, defined as those capable of recovering from holding less than 0.1 grams of water per gram of dry mass, are differen
41、t. They lack water-storing structures, and their existence on rock faces prevents them from tapping groundwater, so they have instead developed the ability to change their metabolism .When they detect an extended dry period, they divert their metabolisms, producing sugars and certain stress-associat
42、ed proteins and other materials in their tissues. As the plant dries, these resources take on first the properties of honey, then rubber, and finally enter a glass-like state that is“the most stable state that the plant can maintain,“Farrant says. That slows the plants metabolism and protects its dr
43、ied-out tissues. The plants also change shape, shrinking to minimize the surface area through which their remaining water might evaporate. They can recover from months and years without water, depending on the species. G. What else can do this dry-out-and-revive trick? Seeds-almost all of them. At t
44、he start of her career, Farrant studied . recalcitrant seeds (执拗性种子 ) ,“ such as avocados, coffee and lychee. While tasty, such seeds are delicate-they cannot bud and grow if they dry out (as you may know if youve ever tried to grow a tree from an avocado pit). In the seed world, that makes them rar
45、e, because most seeds from flowering plants are quite robust. Most seeds can wait out the dry, unwelcoming seasons until conditions are right and they sprout (发芽 ). Yet once they start growing, such plants seem not to retain the ability to hit the pause button on metabolism in their stems or leaves.
46、 H. After completing her Ph. D. on seeds, Farrant began investigating whether it might be possible to isolate the properties that make most seeds so resilient (迅速恢复活力的 ) and transfer them to other plant tissues. What Farrant and others have found over the past two decades is that there are many gene
47、s involved in resurrection plants response to dryness. Many of them are the same that regulate how seeds become dryness-tolerant while still attached to their parent plants. Now they are trying to figure out what molecular signaling processes activate those seed-building genes in resurrection plants
48、and how to reproduce them in crops.“Most genes are regulated by a master set of genes,“Farrant says.“Were looking at gene promoters and what would be their master switch.“ I. Once Farrant and her colleagues feel they have a better sense of which switches to throw, they will have to find the best way
49、 to do so in useful crops.“Im trying three methods of breeding,“Farrant says : conventional, genetic modification arid gene editing. She says she is aware that plenty of people do not want to eat genetically modified crops, but she is pushing ahead with every available tool until one works. Farmers and consumers alike can choose whether or not to use whichever version prevails :“Im giving people an option. “ J. Farrant and others in the resurrection business got together last year to discuss the best species of resurrection p
