1、,张丹蓓 12134761 张子淳12134762 赵玉婷12134763 甄 涛12134764,World War ,Literature,Background,|,fiction,|,drama,|,Poetry,|,CONTENTS,1,2,3,4,1,Background,Background,A Brief Introduction of the World War Two:from 1939 to 1945 in Europe from at least 1937 to 1945 in Asia.largest armed conflict : involving more co
2、untriespowerful new weapons( two atomic bombs),Background,Historical significance,the Economic Recovery Program:the Marshall Plan马歇尔计划the Soviet Union occupied the portion of Europethe United States VS the Soviet Union,Background,Late modernism: 19462000 Drama after World War Two Poetry after World
3、War Two Late 20th-century genre literature Science fiction 21st century literature,Background,Nobel Prize in Literature T. S. Eliot (1948） ts艾略特 Bertrand Russell (1950), 伯特兰罗素 Winston Churchill (1953)温斯顿丘吉尔 William Golding (1983)威廉戈尔丁 V. S. Naipaul (2001) vs奈保尔 Harold Pinter (2005) 哈罗德品特 Doris Lessi
4、ng (2007) 多丽丝莱辛,2,Major Genres,Theater of the Absurd,荒诞派戏剧,Angry Young Men,愤怒的青年,Theater of the Absurd,Theater of the Absurd came about as a reaction to World War II. It took the basis of existential philosophy and combined it with dramatic elements to create a style of theatre which presented a wor
5、ld which can not be logically explained, life is in one word, ABSURD! Needless to say, this genre of theatre took quite some time to catch on because it used techniques that seemed to be illogical to the theatre world. The plots often strayed from the more traditional episodic structure, and seem to
6、 move in a circle, ending the same way it began. The scenery was often unrecognizable, and to make matters worse, the dialogue never seemed to make any sense.,Eugene Lonesco 尤金尤奈斯,Samuel Beckett 撒缪尔贝克特,Major Absurdist Playwrights,Harold Pinter哈罗德品特,Nobel Prize-winner Samuel,Beckett has widely influe
7、nced the course of 20th century literature. The impact of his plays (Waiting for Godot, Endgame), novels & numerous short stories & poems have added the word Beckettian to the literary dictionary. His work depicts the unrelent- ing plight of contemporary exist- ence: living at the edge of an abyss,
8、in an indifferent universe, trying simply to “go on“ with daily life in the face of recognition of futility. His ability to shape this modern experience into art has led the way for Harold Pinter, Edward Albee, & many other writes.,Waiting for Godot 等待戈多,“Why are we here, that is the question We are
9、 waiting for Godot to come” On a empty road, two tramps are waiting for the mysterious Godot. They quarrel, make up, consider suicide, try to sleep but still Godot doesnt arrive. With its sublime balance of comedy & poignancy, vaudeville& anxiety, Waiting for Godot is one of the most important plays
10、 of the 20th century.,stage photos,Angry Young Men 愤怒的青年,The term “Angry Young Men” applied to a group of English writers of the 1950s whose heroes share certain rebellious and critical attitudes toward society. This phrase, originally taken from the title of Leslie Allen Pauls autobiography, Angry
11、Young Man (1951), became current with the creation of John Osbornes play Look Back in Anger (1956). The word angry is probably in- appropriate; dissatisfied is perhaps more accurate. The group not only expressed discontent with the staid, hypocritical insti- tutions of English societythe so-called E
12、stablishmentbut betrayed disillusionment with itself and with its own achieve- ments. Included among the angry young men were the play- wrights John Osborne and Arnold Wesker & the novelists Kingsley Amis, John Braine, John Wain, & Alan Sillitoe. In the 1960s these writers turned to more individuali
13、zed themes and were no longer considered a group.,John Braine,Arnold Wesker,More “Angry Young Men”,Kingsley Amis,John Osborne - the man who turned anger into art,British playwright & film Producer whose Look Back in Anger (1956) ushered in a new movement in British drama and made him known as the fi
14、rst of the “Angry Young Men” John Osborne changed the face of British Theatre. His play “Look Back in Anger“ was the turning point in postwar Britishtheatre.,Look Back in Anger: the story,The three-act play takes place in a one-bedroom flat in the Midlands. Jimmy Porter, lower middle-class, universi
15、ty-educated, lives with his wife Alison, the daughter of a retired Colonel in the British Army in India. His friend Cliff Lewis, who helps Jimmy run a sweet stall, lives with them. Jimmy, intellectually restless & dissatisfied, reads the papers, argues and taunts his friends over their acceptance of
16、 the world around them. He rages to the point of violence, reserving much of his anger for Alisons friends and family. The situation is exacerbated by the arrival of Helena, an actress friend of Alisons from school. Appalled at what she finds, Helena calls Alisons father to take her away from the fl
17、at. He arrives to take Alison away when Jimmy is visiting a friends mother. As soon as she has gone, Helena moves in with Jimmy. Alison returns to visit, having lost Jimmys baby. Helena can no longer stand living with Jimmy and leaves. Finally Alison returns to Jimmy and his angry life.,愤怒的回顾部分剧照和电影
18、海报,3,Novels in English after World War ,The two most innovatory novelists to begin their careers soon after World War II were also religious believersWilliam Golding and Muriel Spark. In novels of poetic compactness, they frequently return to the notion of original sinthe idea that, in Goldings word
19、s, “man produces evil as a bee produces honey.”Concentrating on small communities, Spark and Golding transfigure them into microcosms. Allegory and symbol set wide resonances quivering, so that short books make large statements.,William Golding,Muriel Spark,Other novelists and novels,George Orwell：
20、Nineteen Eighty-FourNineteen Eighty-Four is an anti-Utopian novel in the tradition of Aldous Huxleys Brave New World : “Orwells purpose was to shock his readers into an awareness of the disastrous results of absolute power.”,Doris Lessing：The Grass is SingingIt is a story about the unequal relations
21、hip between a white farmers wife and her black servant, which ends in a tragedy of violence,Evelyn Waugh : The Sword of Honour (Men at Arms, Officers and Gentlemen, and Unconditional Surrender)In these three novels Waugh attempted to analyze the character of World War and its effect on those who wer
22、e involved in it. And these novels loosely parallel Waughs experiences in the Second World War.,Novels in American after World War ,TEXT HERE,The literary historian Malcolm Cowley described the years between the two world wars as a “second flowering” of American writing. Certainly American literatur
23、e attained a new maturity and a rich diversity in the 1920s and 30s, and significant works by several major figures from those decades were published after 1945.,Harper Lee： To Kill a MockingbirdThe plot and characters are loosely based on the authors observations of her family and neighbors, as wel
24、l as on an event that occurred near her hometown in 1936, when she was 10 years old.,Vladimir Nabokov： LolitaThe novel is notable for its controversial subject: the protagonist and unreliable narrator, a 37-to-38-year-old literature professor called Humbert, who is obsessed with the 12-year-old Dolo
25、res Haze, with whom he becomes sexually involved after he becomes her stepfather.,Joseph Heller : Catch-22The novel is set during World War II, from 1942 to 1944. It mainly follows the life of Captain John Yossarian, a U.S. Army Air Forces B-25 bombardier.,Other novelists and novels,Ralph Ellison： I
26、nvisible ManIt addresses many of the social and intellectual issues facing African-Americans early in the twentieth century, including black nationalism, the relationship between black identity and Marxism, and the reformist racial policies of Booker T. Washington, as well as issues of individuality
27、 and personal identity.,4,Poetry,The Movement（运动派）：Philip Larkin,The Modernism( 现代英国诗歌 ):,New Enlightenment (新启示派) ：Dylan Thomas,Poetry,Dylan Thomas,Dylan Thomas (1914 1953),He was born in Swansea a town of Wales. His father was a English teacher and his mother was a farmers daughter. He write poetr
28、y while still at school and worked as journalist. Move from Wales to London for ten years, his first book was Eighteen Poems in 1934. During world war 2 was exempted from military service. He worked for BBC. He made three lecture tours to USA from1950 to 1953. In November 1953,he died suddenly in Ne
29、w York.,Poetry,Representative works,Deaths and Entrances (死亡与出场） Portrait of the Artist as a Young Dog Under Milk Wood,Writing feature,Simple language picturesque imagery、 Original,Poetry,Do not go gentle into that good night,The poem by Dylan Thomas，which predicted Interstellar(星际穿越) before 50 year
30、s.,Poetry,Phillip Larkin,Phillip Larkin (1922 1985),Philip Arthur Larkin, was an English poet, novelist and librarian. His first book of poetry, The North Ship, was published in 1945, followed by two novels, Jill (1946) and A Girl in Winter (1947). He came to prominence in 1955 with the publication
31、of his second collection of poems, The Less Deceived.He contributed to The Daily Telegraph as its jazz critic from 1961 to 1971, articles gathered in All What Jazz: A Record Diary 196171 (1985), and he edited The Oxford Book of Twentieth Century English Verse (1973) He has many honors including the
32、Queens Gold Medal for Poetry.,Poetry,Representative works,The North Ship High Windows The Less Deceived Thwaite, Anthony, The Whitsun Weddings,Writing feature,Conclusion,two streams: Realism and modernism 现实主义和现代主义 modernism: personal inner spiritual world ego 自我 angry young man reveal their hope for happiness and better life Realism: further development be unorthodox in form Britain from the sun never set down to the second country in Europe,THANKS,
