1、 英语试题 时间：2016.10.07本试卷共 7页，三大题，满分 120分，考试用时 120分钟第一节（共 15小题；每小题 2分，满分 30分）阅读下列短文从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。AAs Artificial Intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly sophisticated, there are growing concerns that robots could become a threat. This danger can be avoided, according to computer science p
2、rofessor Stuart Russell, if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code.Russell argues that as robots take on more complicated tasks. its necessary to translate our morals into AI language.For example, if a robot does chores around the house, you wouldnt want it to put the pet ca
3、t in the oven to make dinner for the hungry children. “You would want that robot preloaded with a good set of values,”sad Russell. Some robots are already programmed with basic human values. For example, mobile have been programmed to keep a comfortable distance from humans. Obviously there are cult
4、ural differences, but if you were talking to another person and they came up close in your personal space, you wouldnt think thats the kind of thing a properly brought-up person would do.It will be possible to create more sophisticated moral machines, if only we can find a way to set out human value
5、s as clear rules. Robots could also learn values from drawing patterns from large sets of data on human behavior. They are dangerous only if programmers are careless.The biggest concern with robots going against human is that human beings fall to do sufficient testing and theyre produced a system th
6、at will break some kind of taboo（禁忌） 。One simple check would be to program a robot to check the correct course of action with a human when. presented with an unusual situation.If the robot is unsure whether an animal is suitable for the microwave,it has the opportunity to stop, send out beeps(嘟嘟声 ),
7、and ask for directions from a human.If we humans arent quite sure about a decision,we go and ask somebody else.The most difficult step in programming values will be deciding exactly what we believe in moral,and how to create a set of ethical rules.But if we come up with an answer,robots could be goo
8、d for humanity.来21. What does the author say about the threat of robots?A. It may constitute a challenge to computer progranmersB. It accompanies all machinery involving high technologyC. It can be avoided if human values are translated into their languageD. It has become an inevitable danger as tec
9、hnology gets more sophisticated22. How do robots learn human values?A. By interacting with humans in everyday life situationsB. By following the daily routines of civilized human beingsC. By picking up patterns from massive data on human behaviorD. By imitating the behavior of property brought-up hu
10、man beings23. What will a well-programmed robot do when facing an unusual situation?A. Keep a distance from possible dangers.B. Stop to seek advice from a human beingC. Trigger(引发）its built-in alarm system at onceD. Do sufficient testing before taking action24. What is most difficult to do when we t
11、urn human values into a programmable code?A. Determine what is moral and ethicalB. Design some large-scale experimentsC. Set rules for man-machine interactionBEverywhere I look outside my home I see people busy on their high-tech devices, while driving. walking shopping. even sitting in toilets. Whe
12、n connected electronically, they are away from physical reality.People have been influenced to become technology addicted. One survey reported that“addicted” was the word most commonly used by people to describe their relationship to iPad and similar devices. One study found that people had a harder
13、 time resisting the allure of social media than they did for sleep, cigarettes and alcohol.The main goal of technology companies is to get people to spend more money and time on their products, not to actually improve our quality of life. They have successfully created a culture disease Consumers wi
14、llingly give up their freedom. money and time to catch up on the latest information, to keep pace with their peers or to appear modern.I see people trapped in a pathological（病态的）relationship with time-sucking technology, where they serve technology more than technology serves them. I call this techn
15、ology servitude . I am referring to a loss of personal freedom and independence because of uncontrolled consumption of many kinds of devices that eat up time and money.What is a healthy use of technology devices? That is the vital question. Who is really in charge of my life? That is what people nee
16、d to ask themselves if we are to have any chance of breaking up false beliefs about their use of technology. When we can live happily without using so much technology and discover what there is to enjoy in life free of technology. Mae West is famous for the wisdom that“too much of a good thing is wo
17、nderful.” But its time to discover that it does not work for technology.Richard Fernandez, an executive coach at Google acknowledged that“we can be swept away by our technologies.” To break the grand digital connection people must consider how life long ago could be fantastic without todays overused
18、 technology.25. The underlined word“allure”in Paragraph2 probably means_A. advantage B. attraction C. adaptation D. attempt26. From the passage, technology companies aim to_A. attract people to buy their productsB. provide the latest informationC. improve peoples quality of lifeD. deal with cultural
19、 diseases27. It can be inferred from this passage that people_A. consider too much technology wonderfulB. have realized the harm of high-tech devicesC. can regain freedom without high-tech devicesD. may enjoy life better without overused technology28. Whats the authors attitude towards the overusing
20、 of high-tech devices?A. Neutral B. Skeptical C. Disapproving D.SympatheticCIn the kitchen of my mothers houses there has always been a wooden stand(木架) with a small notepad(记事本） and a hole for a pencil.Im looking for paper on which to note down the name of a book I am recommending to my mother. Ove
21、r forty years since my earliest memories of the kitchen pad and pencil, five houses later, the current paper and pencil look the same as they always did. Surely it cant be the same pencil? The pad is more modern, but the wooden stand is definitely the original one.“Im just amazed you still have the
22、same stand for holding the pad and pencil after all these years.” I say to her, walking back into the living-room with a sheet of paper and the pencil. “You still use a pencil. Cant you afford a pen?”My mother replies a little sharply.“It works perfectly well. Ive always kept the stand in the kitche
23、n. I never knew when I might want to note down an idea, and I was always in the kitchen in these days.”Immediately I can picture her, hair wild, blue housecoat covered in flour, a wooden spoon in one hand, the pencil in the other, her mouth moving silently. My mother smiles and says, “One day I was
24、cooking and watching baby Pauline, and I had a brilliant thought, but the stand was empty. One of the children must have taken the paper. So I just picked up the breadboard and wrote it all down on the back, it turned out to be a real breakthrough for solving the mathematical problem I was working o
25、n.”This story-which happened before I was born-reminds me how extraordinary my mother was, and is, as a gifted mathematician. I feel embarrassed that I complain about not having enough child-free time to work. Later, when my mother is in the bathroom, I go into her kitchen and turn over the breadboa
26、rds. Sure enough, on the back of the smallest one, are some penciled marks I recognize as mathematics. Those symbols have traveled unaffected through fifty years, rooted in the soil of a cheap wooden breadboard, invisible（看不到的) exhibits at every meal.29. Why has the authors mother always kept the no
27、tepad and pencil in the kitchen?A. To leave messages. B. To list her everyday tasksC. To note down maths problems D. To write down a flash of inspiration30. What is the authors original opinion about the wooden stand?A. It has great value for the family B. It needs to be replaced by a better oneC. I
28、t brings her back to her lonely childhood D. It should be passed on to the next generation31. The author feels embarrassed for_A. blaming her mother wronglyB. giving her mother a lot of troubleC. not making good use of time as her mother didD. not making any breakthrough in her field32.What can be i
29、nferred from the last paragraph?A. The mother is successful in her careerB. The family members like travelingC. The author had little time to play when youngD. The marks on the breadboard have disappearedDAmerican researchers found females are the more talk active sex because of a special “languages
30、 protein(蛋白质） ” in the brain.The study, conducted by neuroscientists（神经科学家）and psychologist from the University of Maryland, concluded that women talked more because they had more of the Foxp2 protein. The research, published in the Journal of Neturoscience, found that higher levels were found among
31、 humans that were women but in rats that were males. Their findings came after it was previously claimed that ladies speak about 20,000 words a day- over 13,000 more than men. “This study is one of the first to report a sex difference in the expression of a language- associated protein in humans or
32、animals,” said Prof Margaret McCarthy, who led the study, In their study, the researchers attempted to determine what might make male rats more vocal than female friends.The separated four-day-old rats from their mothers and then counted the number of times they cried out in the “ultrasonic range”,t
33、he frequencies than humans can hear,over five minutes.While both sexes called out hundreds of cries,the males called out twice as often,they found.But the pups were returned to their mothers cage,she pay attention to her sons first.Tests conducted on the parts of brain known to be associated with vo
34、cal calls showed the male pups have up totwice as much Foxp2 protein as the females.The researchers then increased the production in the brains of female pups and reduced it in males.This led to the female rats crying out more often and their mothers shoeing more interest to them,in contrast,males b
35、ecame less “talkative”.The researchers then tested samples from ten children,aged between three and five,which showed that females had up to 30 per cent more of the Foxp2 protein than males,in a brain area key to language in humans.“Based on our observations,we assume higher levels of Foxp2 in girs
36、and higher levels of Foxp2 in males rats is an indication that Foxp2 protein levels are associated with the more communicative sex.” said Prof.McCarthy.“Our results imply Foxp2 as a component of the neurobiological basis of sex differences in vocal communication in mammals.”33 From the second paragr
37、aph, we can learn that .Awomen always speak more words than men.Bmen and mate rats have low levers of language proteinC women and male rats have similar levels of Foxp2DMcCarthy Isnt the first to find females more talkative 34 The researchers carried out the experiments on rats in order to .Atest wh
38、ich part of the brain is key to language in rats and humans Bprove the levels of Foxp2 protein in humans and rats are different C determine the reason why female rats are more talkative than male rats.Ddiscover the association between Foxp2protein and vocal communication35 Which of the following can
39、 be the best title for the passage?ATests on humans and ratsBWhy women are the talkative sex.C Sex differences in Foxp2 proteinDFoxp2 protein第二节 （共 5 小题：每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 （如果选 E就同时填图 AB，如果选 F 就同时填图 CD，选 G 就同时填图 ABCD）How to help a teenager Make Good DecisionsHa
40、bitually poor decision making is actually common in teenagers. Naturally, such a habit makes parent teen cooperation difficult, especially when a parent wants his teen to do what a “responsible adolescent” would do. A poor decision-making teenager can never run away from his responsibilities 36 . Di
41、stinguish real problems from acts of pure “teenagerism”. Teens often make poor decisions simply because they dont have the experiences. By making small and harmless mistakes. like a recently-developed habit of careless consuming, a teen learns good decision-making skills on his own via self-correcti
42、on 37 Dont think the teen is making bad decisions just to challenge you. Its more likely it is out of a real inability to determine whats best for him. 38 Toll your teen you understand his decisions while simply emphasizing that you dont have to agree with his decisions or treat his views as valid.
43、By not judging his opinions, tastes or style, you are opening the road for better communication and problem solving opportunities. Set clear expectation._39_.For example,if your teen refuses to study for his math final because “math is pointless”,explain that you expect him to perform well in school
44、,even in the “pointless”classes.Because youve already tolerated his opinion without trying to change his viewpoint,you two can easily agree that math isnt so useful,yet avoid saying “Lets just give up on math,then.” Find a middle ground.trade insignificant freedoms,such as clothing style for the pro
45、mise that hell live up to academic family responsibilities._40_Not only dose giving up a bit of control solve many conflicts,but the eatra freedom you give them can also improve his decision-making.A.Show tolerance.B.Learn to solve problems.C.Point out your expectations and his responsibilities.D.If
46、 our teen could realize it,allow him to be himself.E.A responsible adolescent must have role models to learn from.F.Therefore,its important to guide them with problem solving strategies.G.Next time,hell be more likely to think twice before making his buying decision.第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节 完型填空（
47、共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 或 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Eleven years ago, I lived a normal life as everyone else. The only difference was that Id learned to 41 the skin rash(皮疹)I had since the ago of 13.However, in my late thirties, the rash began to 42 worsen and my doctor became
48、43 . A year Inter, my life was forever 44 in one diagnosis: cancer.Following the unbearable treatment, the tough road to 45 began. I thought the new your would fly by an I 46 to my old self. What I didnt realer is that 47 you hive cancer, there is no “old self”. I was and am forever changed. I didnt
49、 48 recover in one year, not in two. It was eight years of 49 improvements.Eight years stretched to 10 as my hair slowly grew bock and my 50 returned. Ton years of a lot of struggle and a lot of growth. When a friend suggested I 51 her in the One-Walk to Conquer Cancer with a desire to 53 money. to get in shape and to support my friend
