1、(五)介 词 一、方位介词 1.above，over，on；below，under，beneath(1)above侧重于相对水平高度，不一定在正上方，其反义词是below。(2)over侧重于垂直高度，即位于正上方，其反义词是under。(3)on侧重于与物体表面接触，其反义词是beneath。Be careful，there is a heavy box over your head.The position he pointed to was below the sea level.,2.across，over，through，pastacross意为“横穿、穿越”，表示运动发生在物体的表
2、面。over意为“跨过，越过”，表示运动发生在物体的上方。through意为 “穿 过，通过”，表示运动发生在某物的空间。past意为“从 旁经过”，表示运动发生在某物旁边。The Great Wall winds its way from west to east，across desert，over mountains，through valleys till at last it reaches the sea. 3.in，on，to在方位名词前的区别。in表示在范围之内；to表示在某范围之外的地方；on表示“毗邻”“接壤”。Shandong Province is/lies in th
3、e east of China.Japan is/lies to the east of China.,二、时间介词 1.at，in，on，by，after,2.for，from，sincefor后接时段的名词词组，表示行为状态持续了多久。from接时 间点的名词词组，表示行为或状态的起始点，而不涉及其持续时间的长短。since接时间点的名词词组，不仅表示行为或状态的起始点，而且还强调该行为或状态从起始点一直持续到此时此刻，因而与延续性动词的现在完成时连用。,名词前有冠词、物主代词、指示代词等时用on/in。travel to New York in this plane；go to scho
4、ol on my bike【说明】 步行、骑马、骑骆驼均用on。on foot，on horseback, on a horse，on the camel 2.with，by，in三词均译为“用”，表示行为的工具、手段或方式。They are digging with a pick/spade.by hand；in inkin English/Japanese,四、原因介词She often hangs her head for shame.He went red with anger.The sports meet will be put off till next Saturday bec
5、ause_of the heavy rain.His illness was due_to smoking and drinking.Thanks_to the Partys good policy，the farmers are now living a happy and rich life. 五、介词与某些词类的搭配 1.名词与介词的固定搭配(1)常与to搭配的名词：key，answer，visit，apology，introduction,(2)常与in搭配的名词：interest，satisfaction，expert(3)常与on搭配的名词：mercy，congratulation
6、(4)常与其他介词搭配的名词：prize for，respect for，victory over，struggle with 2.形容词与介词的固定搭配(1)与at搭配的形容词：afraid，angry，good，bad，clever，surprised，excited，puzzled，frightened(2)与of搭配的形容词：afraid，sure，certain，full，tired，fond，proud，worthy(3)与with搭配的形容词：angry，strict，careful，busy，popular,(4)与in搭配的形容词：weak，strict，rich，inter
7、ested，successful (5)与to搭配的形容词：next，good，polite，kind，cruel，rude，known，married，close，similar，due (6)与for搭配的形容词：sorry，famous，fit，unfit，eager，anxious，hungry (7)与from搭配的形容词：far，different，free，safe，absent，tired (8)与about搭配的形容词：sorry，worried，anxious，careful，sure，certain 【注】 同一形容词与不同的介词搭配其含义会不同。,of抽象名词形容词 o
8、f great valuevery valuable of no useuseless a man of wealtha wealthy man to与情感名词连用，表示“某种行动后产生的感觉”：,Much to my joy，he was quite from danger.at与某些名词搭配表示“一就”at the sight of at the thought of 过关落实 1.The manager suggested an earlier date _ the meeting.A.on B.for C.about D.with解析：suggest a date for为(某事)提议
9、一个日期。答案：B,2.Some people choose jobs for other reasons _ money these days.A.for B.except C.besides D.with解析：besides同as well as 或in addition to，表示“除之外还有”。答案：C 3.Experts have been warning _ of the health risks caused by passive smoking.A.at a time B.at one timeC.for some time D.for the time解析：forsome t
10、ime表示“有一段时间”。答案：C,4.I think he is taking an active part in social work.I agree with you _.A.in a way B.on the wayC.by the way D.in the way解析：in a way在某种程度上。答案：A 5.This is a junior school.You should go to a senior school _ girls of your age.A.for B.about C.from D.to解析：for此处意为“(专门)为(你这个年龄的女孩子们准备的)”。答案
11、：A,6.Although _ my opinion，the old professor didnt come up with his own.A.against B.on C.for D.in解析：against在本句中表示“反对，不赞同”。答案：A 7.Fred，who had expected how it would go with his daughter，had a great worry _ his mind.A.on B.in C.with D.at解析：have.on/upon ones mind表“关心，为担心”。答案：A,8.Its quite _ me why such
12、 things have been allowed to happen.A.for B.behind C.against D.beyond解析：Its beyond sb.意为“某人不能明白”；beyond意为“(程度)超出，为所不及”。答案：D 9.When do we need to pay the balance?_ September 30.A.In B.By C.During D.Within解析：by此处意为“(时间)在之前，不迟于”。答案：B,10.My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was _ it.A.in
13、 honour of B.in memory of C.in favour of D.in search of解析：in honour of 意为“尊敬”；in memory of 表“为了纪念”；in search of 指“为了寻找”；in favour of 则为“赞成、拥护、支持”，与against相对。答案：C 11.I am afraid that I wont be able to spend the weekend with you in Dalian._，I have no money and for another I am too busy.A.After all B.F
14、or one thingC.Above all D.As well解析：for one thing.，for another.(用以陈述理由或观点)一则，再则。答案：B,12.He hesitated，wondering if he had asked too much _ the lady.A.from B.of C.for D.to解析：ask sth.of sb.期望，要求；ask too much of sb.要求过高。答案：B 13.The two phrases are similar _ structure but different _ meaning.A.in；in B.to
15、；to C.in；from D.with；from解析：be similar/different in 意为“在方面相似(不 同)”。答案：A,14.Shall I come for the suit on Friday?Youd better not.It wont be ready _ Friday.You can come and collect it next week.A.by B.till C.at D.after解析：by此处意为“(时间)在之前，不迟于”。答案：A 15.This year the white ducks are no longer lovely in locals eyes，_ their fear of bird flu.A.except for B.due to C.in case of D.instead of解析：due to (doing)意为“归咎于，归结于，归因于”。答案：B,
