1、Canada Wood Level 1 - Wood-Frame Construction,Construction Details Herbert Otto, B.Arch., MRAIC,Insulated Wall Assemblies,This and following slides show typical wood frame wall assemblies with there composite insulation values 2x4 Wall Cladding, sheathing membrane, plywood or OSB sheathing, 38x89 (2
2、x4) studs 400mm (16“), RSI 2.4 (R 12, K 0.42) fiberglass insulation, 0.05mm (6mil) polyethylene vapour barrier, 12 mm ( ”) gypsum board Composite insulation values RSI 1.88 R 10.67 K 0.53,Insulated Wall Assemblies,2x4 wall with insulated sheathing Cladding, vertical 19x89 (1x4) vertical strapping, 3
3、7.5 ( 1 ”) thick extruded or expanded polystyrene insulation, 38x89 (2x4) studs 400mm (16“),RSI 2.1 (R12, K 0.42) fiberglass insulation, 0.15mm (6mil) polyethylene air vapour barrier, 12 mm (1/2”) gypsum board Composite insulation values RSI 3.02 to 3.30 R 17.14 to 18.73 K 0.33 to 0.30,Insulated Wal
4、l Assemblies,2x6 Wall Cladding, sheathing membrane, plywood or OSB sheathing, 38x140 (2x6) studs 600mm (24“), RSI 3.5 (R 20, K0.29) fiberglass insulation, 0.15mm (6mil) polyethylene air vapour barrier,12 mm (1/2”) gypsum board Composite insulation values RSI 2.68 R 15.21 K 0.37,Insulated Wall Assemb
5、lies,2x6 wall with insulated sheathing Cladding, vertical 19x89 (1x4) vertical strapping, 37.5 ( 1 ”) thick extruded or expanded polystyrene insulation, 38x140 (2x6) studs 600mm (24“), RSI 3.5 (R20, K 0.29) fiberglass insulation, 0.15mm (6mil) polyethylene air vapour barrier, 12mm ( ”) gypsum board
6、Composite insulation values RSI 3.83 to 4.1 R 21.75 to 23.28 K 0.26 to 0.24,Insulated Wall Assemblies,Interior strapped 2x6 wall Cladding, sheathing membrane, plywood or OSB sheathing, 38x140 (2x6) studs 600mm (24“), RSI 3.5 (R20, 0.29) fiberglass insulation, 0.15mm (6mil) polyethylene air vapour ba
7、rrier, 38 x 63.5 (2x3) horizontal at 600mm (24”), RSI 1.4 (R8, K 7.1) fiberglass insulation, 12mm (1/2”) gypsum board Composite insulation values RSI 4.18 R 23.76 K 0.24,Insulated Wall Assemblies,2x6 wrap and strap wall Cladding, vertical 19x89 (1x4) vertical strapping, 37.5 ( 1 ”) thick extruded or
8、 expanded polystyrene insulation, 38x140 (2x6) studs 600mm (24“), RSI 3.5 (R20, K 0.29) fiberglass insulation, 0.15mm (6mil) polyethylene air vapour barrier, 38 x 63.5 (2x3) horizontal at 600mm (24”), RSI 1.4 ( R 8, K 0.71) fiberglass insulation, 12mm (1/2”) gypsum board Composite insulation values
9、RSI 5.28 to 5.55 R 30 to 31.5 K 0.19 to 0.18,Accommodating Electrical Services,Installed after the house has been sheathed and roofed Wiring run through wood framing by drilling holes in the framing members. Wiring be no closer that 40mm ( 1 ”) from the face of the stud or joist. Rough in wiring inc
10、ludes placing electrical boxes in wall and ceiling cavities and running all wiring too and from the main service box.,Accommodating Electrical Services,Plastic or metal electrical boxes are used for wiring connections, electrical outlets and for wiring to lighting fixtures Boxes located in exterior
11、walls ceilings must be air sealed to the air barrier or located inside the air barrier. A piece of blocking (2) can be cut out to provide support for a polyethylene “hat” in which the electrical box is placed. Self sealing electrical boxes are also available to which the air barrier can be sealed di
12、rectly,Accommodating Electrical Services,The main service panel and wiring running from it can be an area with high air leakage. Surface mount the main panel on a plywood or OSB backer and run all wiring either through the backer or keep it inside the air barrier,IC rated light all joints taped and
13、sealed and case sealed to air barrier,Accommodating Electrical Services,Recessed lights in insulated ceilings must be enclosed in plywood box and sealed to the air barrier or Insulation cover (IC) rated with all joints sealed with tape.,Courtesy IEH Inc.,Accommodating Mechanical Services,Passing duc
14、ts and piping through ceiling drops where they are perpendicular to the joists,Air Barrier Benefits,Prevents air from carrying moisture into insulated cavities where condensation can occur Enhances the ability of the building envelope to resist wind driven rain penetration Decreases heating loads De
15、creases cooling loads Reduces outside noise penetration Reduces dust and pollutant entry from outside Increases thermal comfort by eliminating drafts and reducing stratification,Air Barrier Systems,Membrane air barriers If unsupported should only be used in one and two storey buildings in wind shade
16、d locations Polyethylene House wrap Rigid air barriers Capable of taking wind loads Airtight Drywall (ADA) Peel and stick bonded to plywood or OSB sheathing Spray on membranes over plywood or OSB sheathing Plywood or OSB air sealed at joints and connections Extruded polystyrene foam board gasketed o
17、r taped Polyiso foam board gasketed or taped,Air Barrier Systems,Torch on SBS,Peel and Stick,Elastomeric,Foam Sheathing,Polyethylene AVB,ADA,Polyethylene Air Vapour Barrier,150 micrometer (6 mil) polyethylene vapour barrier sealed at all joints and penetrations and made continuous around end studs,
18、top plates and rim joists Very commonly used for one and two storey wood-frame buildings,Polyethylene Air Vapour Barrier Materials,150 micrometer (6 mil) polyethylene meeting CGSB standard for vapour barrier Acoustical sealant Staples Contractors sheathing tape (acrylic adhesive) House wrap (spun bo
19、nded polyolefin) Long life sealants that are compatible with the substrates on which they are used EPDM sheet rubber,Intermediate Rim Joist Upper wall poly air sealed to house wrap with acoustical sealant and staples over bottom plate Rim joist air sealed with house wrap strip Lower wall poly air se
20、aled to house wrap with acoustical sealant and staples over top plate,Poly stapled in place To function only as a vapour barrier,Polyethylene Air Vapour Barrier Sample Details,Polyethylene Air Vapour Barrier Sample Details,Interior partition / exterior wall connection Poly strip wrapped around end s
21、tud and stapled Wall poly on either side sealed to strip with acoustical sealant and staples,Ceiling and wall electrical boxes Factory made poly hats placed over electrical boxes and sealed to wiring with tape or sealant Flanges of poly hats air sealed to wall or ceiling poly with acoustical sealant
22、 and staples,Polyethylene Air Vapour Barrier Sample Details,Polyethylene Air Vapour Barrier Sample Details,Plumbing stack ceiling penetration Sheet rubber gasket with under sized hole air sealed to top plate with sealant and staples. Strip of poly sandwiched between double top plates and air sealed
23、on either side with acoustical sealant and staples to ceiling poly,Polyethylene Air Vapour Barrier Sample Details,Vinyl window Borate treated rough opening sill with plywood strip to form step Peel and stick sub sill flashing and jamb liner Window frame air sealed at rear to rough opening with backe
24、r rod and sealant or urethane foam Wall poly air sealed to back of rough opening with acoustical sealant and staples,Polyethylene Air Vapour Barrier Sample Details,Exhaust duct / supply duct penetration Duct air sealed to plywood or OSB backer board with sealant Wall poly air sealed to backer board
25、with acoustical sealant and staples,Airtight Drywall Approach (ADA),The main component is drywall (gypsum wall board) which is systematically sealed with gaskets and sealants to other materials in the building envelope to form a continuous rigid air barrier. Usually used in conjunction with a vapour
26、 barrier paint or primer or vinyl wall paper In hot humid climates no vapour barrier paint or vinyl wall paper is used allowing drying to the interior Can withstand wind loads Easily repaired if damaged,ADA Materials,12mm (1/2”) to 16mm (5/8”) drywall Drywall mud and tape 12mm x 5mm (1/2”x3/16) Adhe
27、sive backed, low density, closed cell PVC foam tape Low VOC flexible panel adhesive Siliconized latex sealant Backer rod Gasketed electrical boxes EPDM sheet rubber Urethane foam,ADA Air Barrier Sample Details,Intermediate Rim Joist Wall drywall air sealed to bottom plate above and top plate below w
28、ith foam tape gasket and screws at 200mm (8”) spacing Bottom plate air sealed to subfloor with low VOC flexible panel adhesive Rim joist glued continuously to top plate and underside of subfloor with construction adhesive,ADA Air Barrier Sample Details,Interior Partition Wall / Exterior Wall and Cei
29、ling Connection Foam tape gasket placed and stapled on either side of end stud and along either side of lower top plate End stud connections with top and bottom plates air sealed with flexible panel adhesive Drywall screwed through tape at 200mm (8”) spacing,ADA Air Barrier Sample Details,Wall and c
30、eiling electrical boxes Proprietary plastic electrical boxes with flange and gaskets Wiring sealed at box with sealant Drywall screwed to flange compressing gasket and providing air seal. Site built airtight box made from studs blocking, sealant and extruded polystyrene,ADA Air Barrier Sample Detail
31、s,Plumbing stack and wiring ceiling penetration Sheet rubber gasket with under sized hole air sealed to underside of lower top plate with sealant and staples. Wiring penetration do top plate sealed with urethane foam,ADA Air Barrier Sample Details,Window Borate treated rough opening sill with slope
32、draining out Peel and stick sub sill flashing and jamb liner Window frame air sealed at rear to rough opening with backer rod and sealant or urethane foam Drywall air sealed to back of rough opening with foam tape gasket, drywall screwed at 200mm (8”) spacing,ADA Air Barrier Sample Details,Exhaust d
33、uct / supply duct penetration Duct air sealed to plywood or OSB backer board with sealant Drywall air sealed to backer board with foam tape gasket and screws at 200mm (8”) spacing,Peel and Stick Air / Vapour Barrier,Peel and stick self adhering waterproof membrane applied over primed OSB or plywood
34、sheathing. For heating climates insulation placed on the outside of the membrane In temperate or mixed climates equal amounts of insulation placed outside and inside membrane covered sheathing In hot humid climates insulation placed only in the wall cavity Peel and stick with sheathing forms structu
35、ral air barrier, vapour barrier and a barrier to penetration of wind driven rain. Peel and stick can be carried below grade to continue air barrier and provide waterproofing Must be connected to ceiling air barrier,Peel and Stick Air / Vapour Barrier,Materials Release paper backed self adhering cros
36、s laminated high density polyethylene membrane.625mm to 1mm (25 to 40 mils) in thickness. Solvent or water based primer Sealant for sealing off upward sloping joints Plywood or OSB structural sheathing,Peel and stick being applied To prefabricated wood panel,On site application of peel and stick ove
37、r primed plywood sheathing,Peel and Stick Air / Vapour Barrier,Peel and stick air barrier applied over plywood with vertical supports for supporting cladding. Rigid insulation placed between supports,Liquid Applied Elastomeric Air / Vapour Barrier,Elastomeric spray or trowel applied membrane on plyw
38、ood or OSB sheathing. Joints in plywood spanned with compatible tape Elastomeric membrane carried over window and door sills and around jambs and heads. Membrane and sheathing form structural air barrier, vapour barrier and barrier to wind driven rain penetration Urethane spray foam insulation can b
39、e applied directly over elastomeric air barrier,Liquid Applied Elastomeric Air / Vapour Barrier Materials,One or two part spray or roller applied elastomeric air/vapour barrier membrane Primer as required by manufacture Mesh tape for spanning joints as required by manufacture Compatible peel and sti
40、ck membrane flashings,Liquid Applied Elastomeric Air / Vapour Barrier,For heating climates used in conjunction with exterior insulation In cooling climates can be applied to sheathing over insulated cavity In mixed and temperate climates can be applied between interior and exterior insulation,Spray applied air/vapour barrier membrane,Spray applied urethane foam insulation over avb,
