1、1语音标及字母组合对照一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音元音字母 读 音 例 词 编 号在开音节中 ei name plane Jane baby cake 1-01a在闭音节中 bag dad hat map black back 1-02在开音节中 i: he these me Chinese 1-03e在闭音节中 e bed let pen desk yes egg 1-04在开音节中 ai bike fly drive time nice kite 1-05i在闭音节中 i fish big drink sit milk swim 1-06在开音节中 ou those close go h
2、oe home no 1-07o在闭音节中 clock not box shop sock 1-08在开音节中 ju: student excuse duty Tuesday 1-09u在闭音节中 bus cup jump much lunch 1-10在开音节中，元音字母 u 在辅音字母 j l r s 后面时读u:音，例如：June blue ruler super 1-11二、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音元音字母 读 音 例 词 编 号 China another woman breakfast 2-01ai orange comrade village cabbage 2-02 hun
3、dred student open weekend 2-03ei chicken pocket begin children 2-04 /i holiday beautiful family animal 2-05iai exercise satellite 2-06 second tonight somebody welcome 2-07o u also zero photo 2-08 autumn diffcult 2-09uju: popular congratulation January 2-101 动词中的 a 如果处在开音节位置，a 读ei音，例如：operate 2 u 处在开
4、音节位置， 2-11又在辅音字母 j l r s 后面时，读u(:)音，例如：July influence February issue 2-12在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母 a e i 即可以读作 音，也可以读作i音三、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音2元音字母 读 音 例 词 编 号a 在w音后面 want what watch wash quality 3-01a 在 f n sk ph sp ss st th前 :after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father 3-02i 在-nd -ld 和 gh 前 ai find child li
5、ght high 3-03o 在-st -ld 前 ou most postcard old cold 3-04o 在 m n v th 前 come monkey love mother 3-05四、-r 音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组 读 音 例 词 编 号: car farm dark sharpener 4-01arar 在w音后面 : warm quarter towards 4-02 : forty morning short 4-03oror 在w音后面 : word worker worse 4-04er ir ur : certainly bird Thursday
6、4-05辅音字母 r 双写时，前面的元音字母不能与 r 构成-r 音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如： carry sorry hurry 4-06-r 音节在非重读音节中通常读 音，例如： dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday 4-07五、-re 音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组 读 音 例 词 编 号are care dare hare 5-01ere i here mere 5-02ire ai fire hire wire 5-03ore : more score before 5-04ure ju pure cure 5-05are
7、 ere ire ore 很少出现在非重读音节中，ure 在非重读音节中读 音，例如：picture pleasure 5-06重读元音字母加 Rr，再加非重读元字组时，重读元音字母应按-re 音节拼读规则拼读，字母 Rr 读r音。例如： parent zero story during inspiring 5-07某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如： orange very American paragraph 5-08六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组 读 音 例 词 编 号3ai/ay ei afraid rain wait day play 6-01air air ha
8、ir chair pair repair 6-02 small ball talk wall all 6-03 :l always also salt almost 6-04alal 在 f m 前: half calm 6-05au/aw : autumn daughter draw 6-06i: teach easy cheap please 6-07 e heavy bread sweater weather 6-08eaei break great 6-09 i hear dear near clear year 6-10 bear pear wear swear 6-11ear :
9、earth learn early 6-12ee i: jeep week green three 6-13eer i pioneer deer beer 6-14ei eight neighbour they 6-15 ei/ey i: either key6-16ju: new few newspaper 6-17eu/ew 在j l r s 后 u: flew brew jewelry 6-18ie/eis音之后 i: piece field receive 6-19oa ou coat Joan boat goal 6-20 oar/oor : roar board door floo
10、r 6-21oi/oy i noise point boy toilet 6-22u: broom food tooth school 6-23oou book look cook foot good 6-24au flower house count down 6-25ou know row throw though 6-26 young country enough 6-27ou/owu: group you soup 6-28 : course your four 6-29au our hour ours 6-30our : journey 6-31ju:i fluid suicide
11、tuition 6-32ui在 j l r s 后 u: juice fruit suit 6-33七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音元音字组或字群 读 音 例 词 编 号4ai/ay ei/ey i Sunday foreign monkey 7-01ow ou yellow sparrow tomorrow 7-02元音字组在非重读音节中读 音或i。例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee 7-03-sion -tion n impression nation 7-04-sion 在元音字母后 n vision decision occasio
12、n 7-05-tion 在 s 后 n question suggestion 7-06-sten sn listen 7-07-stle sl whistle 7-08-sure pleasure measure 7-09-ture picture culture 7-10八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号，但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。例如： everydayei handbag blackboard :8-01有些词随着语言的发展，前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义，融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如：
13、sun 太阳 + dayei日子 Sundayi 星期天holy 神圣 + dayei日子 holidayi 假日break 中断 + fast:斋戒 breakfast 早餐cup 茶杯 + board 木板 : cupboard 碗柜 8-02九、辅字组的读音辅字组 读 音 例 词 编 号5b bike bus bag 9-01 b/ bomb tomb 9-02k cake picture coat music 9-03cc 在 e 前或在 i/y 前 s face decide cinema 9-04 much chick rich teacher 9-05k school heada
14、che chemistry 9-06ch machine Chicago 9-07-ck k cock pocket black knock 9-08d d doctor bread hand day 9-09-dge bridge fridge 9-10dr- dr children driver drink 9-11f f five four breakfast 9-12 bag gardon go 9-13gg 在 e i/y 前 orange large German 9-14f cough enough 9-15gh/ light daughter high 9-16 guess l
15、eague dialogue 9-17gu- -guegu 在非重读音节中 w language anguish 9-18h hot head house hand 9-19h/ hour honest 9-20j jeep jar joke join July 9-21k k kind bike skate make week 9-22kn- n knife know knock 9-23l l life milk school tall 9-24m m monkey come autumn 9-25-mn m autumn column solemn 9-26n not shine ten
16、 note 9-27nn 在k g音前 uncle thank hungry 9-28-ng morning young wrong 9-29p p paper plane pig ship pen 9-30ph f elephant photo telephone 9-316q k Iraq 9-32qu- kw quality quite 9-33r r red rubber ruler 9-34s sit sleep desk 9-35s 在词首或清辅音前元音字母间或浊辅音前 z music husband 9-36sk scarlet 9-37sc-s muscle science 9
17、-38sh she fish shirt wash 9-39t ten letter meet 9-40t 在通常情况下在弱读字母 ia ie io 前 patient nation 9-41tch watch 9-42 thin thirty method 9-43 the these with than 9-44th 在通常情况下在冠词 代词 介词 连词中在词尾-the -ther 中 clothe father weather 9-45tr- tr tree train country truck 9-46v v very voice love leave 9-47w week win
18、wake sweet wait 9-48w/ answer two 9-49w what when white why 9-50wh-wh-在字母 o 前 h who whose whole 9-51ks box text exercise 9-52x在重读元音前 gz examle exist exact 9-53wr- r write 9-54y- j yes yard yellow young 9-55z z puzzle zero zoo 9-56十、英语语音名词解释1音节 以元音为主体构成的发音单位，一般说来元音发音响亮，可以构成音节，辅音发音不响亮，不能单独构成音节（m n l例外
19、） 。从单词拼写形式上看，有几个元字组就有几个音节。0-0172音节的划分 在两个音节的相邻处有两个辅字组时，一个辅字组属于前面的音节，一个属于后面的音节。例如：let-ter mem-ber chil-dren daugh-ter在两个音节的相邻处只有一个辅字组时，如果前面音节里的元音是长音则辅字组属于后面一个音节，如果前面一个音节里的元音是短音，则辅字组属于前面一个音节。例如：长音 pa-per stu-dent fa-ther ze-ro mo-tor far-ther短音 sev-en stud-y moth-er ver-y mod-le weath-er0-023重读音节 单词中读
20、音特别响亮的音节。用音标标记双音节、多音节词的读音时，应使用重读符号。单音节词多数是重读音节，标记读音时不需要使用重读符号。 0-034开音节 绝对开音节：单个元音字母后面没有辅字组的重读音节。例如：no blue ba-by stu-dent se-cret.相对开音节：单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母，再加一个不发音字母 e 构成的重读音节。例如：nam e these bike home ex-cuse.0-045闭音节 单个元音字母后面有辅字组（r w y 除外）且以辅字组结尾的重读音节。例如：bag egg fish not cup 0-056双音节词重读规则 双音节词的第一个音节通常
21、是重读音节。例如：stu-dent Chi-na sec-ond au-tumn in-deed 含有 a- be- de- re- in- ex- 等前缀的双音节词往往是在第二个音节上重读。双音节词的重读位置不会因增加前缀或后缀而发生改变。例如：about before excuse repair for-get-ful in-ven-tor0-067多音节词重读规则 多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读。例如：el-e-phant con-grat-u-la-tion词尾有-ic 或-tion,-sion 的词，在-ic 或-sion,-tion 前的一个音节上重读。例如：scientific
22、 impression nation0-07国际音标发音表英语国际音标共 48 个，其中 20 个元音，20 个辅音，3 个鼻音，2 个半元音，3 个似拼音 一、 元音 8巧记 48 个国际音标 单元音共十二，四二六前中后。 双元音也好背，合口集中八个整。 辅音共计二十八，八对一清又七浊， 四个连对也包括。有气无声清辅音， 有声无气浊辅音，发音特点应掌握。 关于语音的几个概念: 音素: 音的最小单位,英语中有 48 个音素. 音节: 由元音和辅音构成的发音单位 元音: 发音响亮,是乐音,口腔中气流不受阻碍,是音节的主要组成部分.英语中有 20 个元音. 辅音: 发音不响亮,是噪音,口腔中气流受
23、到阻碍,不是音节的重要组成部分,英语中有 28 个辅音. 开音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音+ 不发音 e 如:kite cake name bike make take home plane shine 2)辅音+元音 如:he hi go no do be tree three hello 闭音节: 1)辅音 +元音+辅音 :sit bed bad bag hot hop let mad map head 2)元音+辅音 如: it is in on up out ant A chicken is in the kitchen. / A horse is in the house. A mou
24、se is in the cats mouth. A sheep eats some beef and drinks some green tea.91 元音: 1) i: 字母组合 : ee ea e ie three tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean piece receive ceiling 2) i发音字母 i y e sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss many
25、 twenty happy dictionary defect decide delicious 3) 发音字母 abag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man 4) e 字母组合 ea、e、a head bread pleasure elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any 5) : 字母组合 ir ur ear er or girl shirt skirt thirty thirt
26、een third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger learn earn earth heard term her nerd serve work worm work world 6) 字母组合 er or ou e ar o a u teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder doctor actor mayor author tractor delicious familiar collar dollar men listen together tomorro
27、w today lesson Washington control around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan china 7) a: 字母组合 ar a car farm card arm garden fast class last glass plant aunt calm 8) 发音字母 u oo o ou 10up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus blood flood come mother dose brother love above trouble rough flourish
28、 9) :字母组合 al au or our ar small wall talk tall hall ball call walk author caught autumn short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store four mourn court bought warm quarrel quarter 10) 发音字母 o a hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss not want wash watch 11) u: 字母组合 oo o u food moon room gloom broom
29、 doom goose tooth shoe do two true truth blue full prude 12) u 字母组合 oo ou u o look good foot book wood should could put full bull pull push woman wolf 13) ei 发音字母 a ay ea ai ey name cake late gate plane April play say may way great break rain paint plain they grey 14) ai 发音字母 i y bike fine find die
30、nine light night high my try fly eye 15) au 字母组合 ou ow house out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse flower down now cow how town 1116) u 发音字母 o ow oa home cold go no phone host ghost know low below grow blow show flow boat coat goal 17) i 字母组合 oy oi boy toy joy oil soil voice choice
31、18) i 字母组合 eer ear beer deer ear near here fierce idea 19) 字母组合 ear air ere pear bear chair air fair there where care 20) u 字母组合 our ower hour tour flower shower 3 辅音1) p pen pear play pig pour pull push 2) b book big boot bike bread break 3) t two ten ton town twenty city 4) d door dull desk dose d
32、o dog dictionary5) k king kite key look cook book kitchen sky (发音字母 k) card cat cream correct climb come account accept (发音字母 c) fox box oxygen x-ray (发音字母 x) school schema (字母组合 ch) 6) g girl good goal goat grade long language 7) m man make moon morning move come comb 8) n pen ten nine fine night n
33、oon moon clean 129) uncle bank English think thank junk sing king morning evening 10) l long land lend lord fly flag black world cold goal soul 11) r read red right run room write 12) f five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wife cough laugh rough physic photo phone 13) v very evening even ever
34、y voice vest of 14) s six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf (发音字母 s) license city cease cedar ceiling celebrate (发音字母 c) piece juice science lance space ace (字母组合 ce) 15) z zoo zebra zi:br zero zap close nose hose suppose pause those whose 16) think thank three thirty tooth mouth 17) that t
35、his those these though 18) sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash nation attention station social special sure 19) pleasure 20) h hot hop home house horse how who 21) w when what where window wind wood 22) j yes year yell you your yolk yellow 23) t child chicken china chair lunch ouch catch teach 2
36、4) d age language cabbage vegetable stage bridge joy enjoy join July June junk 25) tr tree country try treat track trunk 26) dr dry dream drop drive drink 27) ts students boots boats goats nuts 1328) dz goods woods moods hoods 5 字母，组合音节发音规律 1）a ei late private grade bake grape nation station page ac
37、tive hand bank fan parent family glad flag accept about above formative machine cinema a: fast last glass class past father wash what watch want 2）e i: appreciate extremely secret she me he e letter left message generate pebble i decide pretty previous result restore problem prosperous student confi
38、dent不发音 active table late wife store lecture 3）I ai high price library ice wife size line i fist pick chicken piano fianc city unit 4）o u lode host cold note okay old home u: lose do who whose prove love some other mother honey company today tomorrow together control collect lost hot mock office sof
39、t honest 145）u ju university refuse unique universe huge u put push pull full bull but brush bucket duck bubble support suggest 6）c k country camp camera courage cable s city ceiling celebrate cell cease 7）g g girl grade glass glade bag flag d village vegetable bridge gentleman gym long song sing mo
40、rning evening 8) l l 读音不同 listen learn language collect English gorilla world cold soil tall sell cool animal 9) n n moon night noodle number uncle hungry angry young 10) r r right read write grade progress r (美语发音) card board door floor form north 11）y j yellow year yell young yolk 15i university c
41、ountry pretty happy ai dyke dying fly buy by my 12）ar a: farm card garden mark dollar : warm quarrel quarter 13) ea i: cease season breathe feature meat please e bread breast breath meadow weather eigreat break iidea realize 14) ear : learn earth earn heard i hear near clear ear fear 15) er : deserv
42、e serve her person teacher driver anger singer i serious experience mysterious fierce 16） ere i here mere fere sere there 17) ir : shirt girl skirt 16ai admire desire 18) oo u: room tool cool moon noon goof food u good foot stood wood wool cook wood book blood flood : door floor 19) or : short form
43、corn born for : work world worm word worst tractor doctor actor sector senior senator 20) oor : door floor u moor poor boor 21) our au hour tour flour bourn lour : pour court four mourn 22) ou au house mouth mouse sound ound enough trouble touch delicious gracious prosperous 23) ow u window meadow k
44、now show low au now town how down cow 1724) se z nose suppose gose lose pose rose s mouse house 25) th thank think thought cloth clothes that this then than 26) sion n propulsion tension progression passion n protrusion provision conclusion television 27) tion n station nation translation attention
45、tn (不常见 ) question音节、音节的结构和类型、音节划分、音节重音和拼读：1. 音节就是英文单词字母(或发音)的排列单位，一个单位算一节。连读起来轻重缓急，流利有节奏，便于听说阅读。2. 音节的结构、类型：口诀： 完全结构头中尾(音头/音中/ 音尾) ，元音字母占中央(包含组合) ，缺头少尾有开闭( 音节)，e 尾/成音/r 音节。开音节/闭音节：以元音或不发音的 e 结尾的叫开音节，以辅音结尾的是闭音节。开音节(词) ：以开音节结尾 a, area, tea, by, day, no, boy, buy, grey, ba*by, ru*ler,rub*ber, fa*ther, the, she, we, he, bee, ta*ble, ap*ple, name, bi*cy*cle, banana,orange, some,18闭音节(词)：bas*ket, bag, cap, class, miss, cross, rain, ti*red, bed, red, yes, egg,sit, it, begin(开始), hot, not, boat, boil(沸腾，煮沸，激动), cup, sun, cut, put,
