1、Jry :sB郭建中41:翻译中对文化因素的处理一般可分为两种方法:主要以源语文化为归宿和主要以目的语文化为归宿。这一区分是基于对中国古典名著红楼梦的两种英译本在隐喻、明喻和典故等方面翻译的分析上作出的。分析得出的结论是:考虑到不同的翻译目的、文本类型、作者意图以及读者对象,以上两种方法都能在目的语文化中完成各自的使命,因而也都有其存在价值。以上的分析也希望有助于调和有关处理翻译中文化因素的争论,即“归化”与“异化”之争。1oM:跨文化交际,归化,异化,翻译目的论Abstract:Approaches to cultures involved in translation may be div
2、ided into two methods:SL culture-oriented andTL culture-oriented.This classification is based on an analysis of translations of the figurativeuseof language in thetwo English versions of the Chinese classical novel Honglou Meng.The analysis leads to the conclusion that bothmethods may be justified i
3、n their own right if we takeintoconsideration thedifferencesin the purposeof translation,the type of texts, theintention of theauthor and the readership.Key words:intercultural communication, adaptation, alienation, skopos theoryBK= E M ,JrC A t_。B Jr u = ;= V j_ j。 _,Jr AT B t=。Christiane Nord (199
4、1)c“ t=”(intercultural communication) 9“Jr”B ;Holz-Manttari (1984:17) .“ tT”(intercultural cooperation) 9“Jr” 。Andre Lefevere(1992)5JrAT“ ”(acculturation),7R.DanielShaw(1988)7/ “transculturation”( t=)M。JrX AT |,7 B T。B Xr M。yJr # W,1 3 BW1“5。 JuriLotman ,“ B 8;9 B 1 。”(JuriLotman 9 ?Qil。yJr n5 # il,
5、7MM1 il,1 pr T H, Yi M。=Jr; MM1,1 3 6B5:8 ) y , “s v。 Br,? C L W M s , WiB1“。(Reeves1994) Jr8“) s5 ,Jr = 3 s 。B , Vs in, “s”12S( ZSv)1998 M2 (9114 )(alienation)“B”(adaptation)。 -frTB ,5r “rB 。Jr #7, VsB (source language culture ori-ented, or SL culture-oriented) “B (target language cultureoriented ,
6、 orTL culture-oriented) 5ZE。Venuti V sV 。 4 “QJr” Q。Jr Yi “, Z l“s” 。Venuti 7 2,“ “ 1?ZBJr Ll, “ t ,V7l Z s(Venuti 1991)。B Q, 4 BQrY Jr (Neubert 1992:2 -4),r#i kY 。tr9xx,1 p ssS+s)(Brewer 1988)。Nida V BV 。 4 “K M1 ” Q。 V?,r n,i-%sim。Nida, B4,“r K M1 。”Nida , ( ?) “ ,rVrZ T 1 ,i V ? T , rS。1Jr Q 、D.C
7、.Lau、Wu-Chi LiuIrvingLoV, “Z S ” ;5 (Z,V7 P ?1Vr X, S。 rE4s Es , Jr1 。 Z,7 O, Z q。=rEA 1 p,q 、q1-q S。 f i“ r B s V 1P、Z (Eoyang 1977)。 , JrS BZY V ,5 q,9 S,i O, r BB$ E L。 7 B“STS z f B,ZJrS B N , Y Es v(Bradbury 1992)。 yJr H“ ,y79 Jr “。 N “B 5。 6BZ ,BrEX)z ,T 9)z。 ytrEJr H ,y79 Jr5。 ,Jr“B”“s” ,7 O
8、。M1ZE T。Jr “ (skopos theory),Jr #y T8s,r; V“B”5ZE,9 V“s”5ZE。rA = t,8“ =, ty ATa “, VTim、Jr “、 y s$,S4。r ,1 JrV1 Yi M,i M s。 6,rB % NB5,r V ? _。K,A 。B N , “B 5 。 y E rT V,B9Y r,7 O,B _9zJr?Z t_MB。yN, . V:“ TXv 3Y,eJr KzJr。”(Lefevere1992 :116)= “ ( m N,B 5| V17?W$,K V ? 。58 ?Z,“B”“s”| Hii, B Jr。yN, ,A
9、1“B”“s” /, A1“r”“ir”B“。1 IDBassnett-McGuire, Susan (1991):Translation Studies(Revised Edition), Routledges, London and NewYork.Beekman, John 2)移译;3)音译;4)音译加类别词;5)用的语(target language)中带有文化色彩的表达方式取代源语中带文化色彩的表达方式;6)解释;7)译出含义。1oM:翻译,语言,文化Abstract:The article pointsout that every utterance is, to a certa
10、indegree, peculiar to a community that usesthe language.While one translates the source language, one is inevitably introducing the culture it embodies.The aim of translation is,partly, to establish cultural equivalence between the source text and the target text.Whether or how to establish cultural
11、 e-quivalence depends onthe following four factors:1)the type of source text;2)the significance of cultural flavor in the sourcetext;3)the purpose of translation;and 4)the type of readers of the target text.In the last part of the article seven proce-dures of establishing cultural equivalence in tra
12、nslation are mentioned:1)retain original cultural flavor;2)transference;3)transliteration;4)transliterationplusa generic word;5)replace the cultural expressionsof the source text with those of thetarget language;6)explanation;and 7)translate the implied meaning of foreign culturalexpressions.Key wor
13、ds:translation, language, culture JZ d,“Vl , N LlV 7/ *9。V.l ,i M ,#M aF。 B NC, B M a” 。 R Fs, 8。3 , P HA Q )+, Q P ; , -1?; ,Good Morning VTY。 P“”Thank you91 。SE, s! HThank youTs;7 Pq 5V .d?,Y ! H1“V ”、“”V U1- (。Jr Y B ,1 Venuti, L (1991):Translation as a Social Practice;or,The Violence of Translat
14、ion, papers presented at con-ference, Humanistic Dilemmas:Translation in theHumanities and Social Sciences, 26-28 September,at the State University of New York, Binghamton,New York.Whorf, Benjamin L.(1956):Language, Thought andReality:Selected Writings, (ed.)John B.Carroll,Cambridge:Technology Press
15、, Massachusetts Insti-tute of Technology, New York:Wiley.Yang, Xianyi&Yang, Gladys(1994):ADream of RedMansions, Foreign Languages Press, Beijing.Yen, Yuan-shu (1977):Plurasignation, Translation,Simplification, in TheArtandProfessionof Transla-tion, Proceedings of the Asia Foundation Conferenceand on Chinese-English Translation, (ed.) T.C.Lai, The Hong Kong TranslationSociety, p.168.( “:310028 sv)19
