1、,the center of the solar system,Nicolaus Copernicus,He was one of the first scientists to use mathematical observations to collect information. He believed the sun is the center of the universe and the earth and other planets went around it.,Copernicus Revolutionary Theory,革命的；重大变革的 移动；运动；动作 讲得通；有意义
2、 向后的（地） 圈；环 私下地；秘密地 （使）旋转；纺 明亮；亮度；聪颖 热情的；热心的 小心的；谨慎的 拒绝；不接受；抛弃 宇宙；世界,revolutionary,movement,make sense,backward,loop,privately,spin-spun-spun,brightness,enthusiastic,cautious,reject,universe,Sun,earth,Before Copernicus theory,Sun,earth,earth,Sun,Copernicus theory,Skim the text and draw the two theor
3、ies of the universe with the following pictures.,Reading and drawing,Because the powerful Christian Church would have punished him for even suggesting such an idea,1. What was Copernicus theory about?,All his mathematical calculations led to the same conclusion: make sense.,2. Why could he not tell
4、about his theory?,Paragraph 1,Details,Paragraph 2,3. What had the astronomers noticed in the sky?,They had noticed that some planets in the sky seemed to stop, move backward and then go forward in a loop. Others appeared brighter at times and less bright at others.,4. When did Copernicus complete hi
5、s theory?,Between 1510 and 1514 he worked on it, gradually improving his theory until he felt it was complete.,Paragraph 3,5. How did he explain changes in the movement of the planets and in the brightness of the stars? When did he publish his idea?,He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar s
6、ystem with the planets going round it and in the brightness of the stars. 他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星则围绕着太阳转，只有月球仍然绕着地球转。with+宾语(sb/sth)+宾补(to do/doing/done/adj/adv/介词短语,Paragraph 4,6. Why do people think that there is a direct link between his ideas and the work of Isaac Newton, Albert Einstein and Stephe
7、n Hawking?,Because his theory is now the base on which all our ideas of the universe are built. He showed this was obviously wrong.,Paragraph 5,Although he had tried to ignore them, all his mathematical calculations led to the same conclusion: that the earth was not the centre of the solar system.le
8、ad to通向 条条大道通罗马。 All roads lead to Rome.,Language points,lead to contribute to result in cause,+后果,结果,他的粗心导致了这起事故。 His carelessness led to/contributed to/resulted in/caused the accident.,导致,引起,contribute to ：为作出贡献,为撰稿,向投稿,捐助,有助于,促进 contribution n.贡献；捐献（物） contribute sth to sb/sth=donateto捐款，捐助,Only
9、if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.,“Only + 副词 /介词短语/状语从句” 位于句首, 句子要倒装。,Only then did Nelson Mandela decide to answer violence with violence. Only in this way can he learn English well.,Only if your identity has been checked, _.A. you are allowed in
10、 B. you will be allowed inC. will you allow in D. will you be allowed in,D,make sense 有意义，有道理，说得通 What you say makes no sense. It would make sense to leave early. Can you make sense of this poem?,没有道理,无意义,做是合理的,理解或弄懂,There is no sense in doing sth. in a sense a sense of humor /responsibility/directi
11、on,做没道理 在某一方面;就某种意义来说幽默感/责任感/方向感/,Yet he could not tell anyone about his theory as the powerful Christian Church would have punished him for even suggesting such an idea.,would have done表示对过去某种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成，通常用来说明某一情况，但不像should或ought to那样有责备之意。,I guess the poet would have been about twenty
12、 when she wrote her first poem.,我猜这位诗人写第一首诗歌的时候，大概二十岁左右,for that reason:因此 arise-arose-arisen:出现a new problem/situation arose. move backward:向后移go forward:向前走 at times:有时，偶尔 work on 从事She is working on a new novel. = She is writing a new novel. complete vt. 完成sth.adj.完整的,完成的 sth be completely adv. 彻
13、底地,完全地 completion n. 完成,结束,enthusiastic: adj. 热心的，满腔热情的be about 对某事充满热情enthusiasm: n热情 cautious adj. 小心的,谨慎的 be about/of sb/sth 对.小心，谨慎caution n. 小心,谨慎 with caution 留心，小心地 你应该小心提防陌生人。 You should be cautious of the strangers. 对待疾病要小心.Disease should_. reject:vt拒绝doingrefuse:vt to do,be treated with ca
14、ution,1. Only then _ how much damage had been caused. A. she realized B. she had realizedC. had she realized D. did she realize 2. Only after my friend came _. A. did the computer repaired B. be repaired the computer C. was the computer repaired D. the computer was repaired 3、_ by keeping down costs
15、 will Power Data hold its advantage other companies. A. Only B. Just C. Still D. Yet,practice,你能听懂她在说些什么吗？Can you _what she is saying?那对我毫无意义。That _ to me .在一定意义上,学习法律就像学习一门语言._ , learning the law is like learning a language.没必要买那么贵的大衣，这些全家的也很好。Theres _ that expensive when these cheaper ones are jus
16、t as good.他有很好的方面感。He has _.,make sense of,In a sense,makes no sense,no sense in buying,a good sense of direction,practice,EX1 ON P42 link, to polluted clue neighbourhood suspected blame cure severe drew the conclusion instructed handles defeated,EX2 ON P42 1 2 5 6 3 4 1,除了去公园之外, 我的活动范围仅限于邻近地区。 Apar
17、t from going to the park, I limit my movements to my neighborhoods. 2. 没有足够的证据很难做出结论。 Its difficult to draw a conclusion without enough evidence. 3. 这些科学的探寻将有助于我们项目的成功。 These scientific enquires will contribute to the success of our project. 4. 居斯特夫埃菲尔对他修建铁塔的计划满怀热情, 而这座塔使他闻名于世。 Gustave Eiffel was ve
18、ry enthusiastic about his plan to construct the iron tower,which made him world famous.,EX3 ON P42,5. 他常提出些不同寻常的计划, 你在加入之前要慎 重对待。 He often puts forward unusual plans. So be cautious about them before you decide to join in. 6. 谁是第一个反对“地心说”的人？ Who was the first person to reject the idea that the earth
19、 was the center of universe? 7. 虽然他的写作没什么意思, 但弗雷德还确信自己 的作文会的高分。 Although his writing doesnt make sense, Fred is positive that his composition will score a high mark.,霍乱，被称为一种致命的疾病，曾经蔓延整个伦敦。著名医生约翰.斯诺面临挑战 - 找到一种治疗这种严重疾病的方法，直至完全战胜它。在疾病爆发期间，他做了大量的科学研究，分析了其传播特点，并询问了感染此病的一些受害者。在他能够得出结论之前，他怀疑这种疾病与来自水泵的污水有关
20、，那儿可能存在病菌。通过绘制附近区域的地图，研究一些图表，以及调查水源，他推断，霍乱是由人们饮用的水所致，而不是他们呼吸的空气。,Writing,Problems in our essays,1.卷面 2.标点 3.大小写 4.时态spread-spread, 5.冠词cholera 6.句子结构冗余 7.句子结构不完整 7.表达不够简洁 8.信息点缺失,Cholera, known as a deadly disease, once spread throughout London. The famous physician John Snow faced a challenge of fi
21、nding a cure for the severe disease until he could completely defeat it. He did a great deal of scientific research, analysed its characteristics of spreading, and made an enquiry among some victims (who had been) infected with it during the outbreak. Before he was able to draw a conclusion, he susp
22、ected that the disease was linked to the polluted water from the pump, where germs might exist. By drawing a map of the neighborhood, studying some charts and looking into the source of water, he concluded that cholera was caused by the water people drank, not by the air they breathed.,Cholera, a de
23、adly disease, once spread throughout London. A well-known doctor John Snow faced the challenge of finding ways to cure the severe disease until he could completely defeat it. During a outbreak, he made a number of scientific research, analysed its characteristics of infection and made an enquiry amo
24、ng the victims infected with it. Before he was able to draw a conclusion, he suspected that it was linked to the polluted water from the pump, where there might existed germs. By drawing a map of the neighborhood, studying some charts and looking into the source of water, he concluded that cholera was caused by the water people drank, no by the air people breathed.,Homework,准备听写 预习unit2单词及课文,
