1、Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors,. 单词盘点 核心速记 1._ (n. ) 可能的选择 (adj. ) 供选择的；其他的 2. _(vt. & vi. ) 打断讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止 3. _ (vt. ) 假定；设想 4. _ (n. ) 种类；类别；范畴,alternative,interrupt,assume,category,5. _ (adv. ) 以方式；不知怎么地 6. _ (vt. ) 删；删除 7. _ (n. ) 学院；学会；学术团体；院校 8. _ (vi. & vt. ) 加速；促进 9. _ (vt. ) 逮捕；吸引 (n. ) 逮捕；
2、拘留 10. _ (adj. ) 晕眩的；昏乱的；使人发晕或困惑的,somehow,delete,academy,accelerate,arrest,dizzy,联想串记 11. _( n. )挨饿；饿死_ (vi. )挨饿；饿死 12. _ (n. )精确；准确_ (adj. )准确的；精确的 13. _(v. )(使)锋利, 尖锐; 清晰_(adj. )锋利的, 尖锐的_(n. )磨具, 削具 14. _ (adj. )凌乱的；脏的_ (n. )凌乱, 脏,starvation,starve,accuracy,accurate,sharpen,sharp,sharpener,messy,m
3、ess,15._ (n. )分析_(pl. )_ (vt. )分析 16. _ (n. )意义；意思；重要性；重要意义_(adj. )重要的 17. _(n. )分割；划分；分配；分界线_(v. )分割, 划分, 分配 18. _ (vi. & vt. )鼓掌欢迎；赞赏_ (n. )鼓掌 19. _(adj. )有技巧的；熟练的_(n. )技能, 技巧,analysis,analyses,analyse,significance,significant,division,divide,applaud,applause,skilful,skill,. 短语互译 1. 不管；不顾 _ 2. 至多；
4、最多 _ 3. 切碎 _ 4. 受够了；饱受；厌烦 _ 5. 向前看；为将来打算 _ 6. date back(to. . . ) _ 7. arrest sb. for _ 8. with relief _ 9. keep out _ 10. turn to sb. for help _,regardless of,at most,cut up,fed up with,look ahead,追溯到；始于,因而逮捕某人,欣慰地,阻止进入,向某人求助,. 句型透视 1. “must have +过去分词”表示“对过去的肯定猜测”。 It _(一定是)very uncomfortable. 2.
5、“would have +过去分词”意思是“想必 ”“肯定会 ”, 用于虚拟语气。 That _(想必会给他们取暖), cooked the food and scared wild beasts away as well. 3. if only虚拟语气表示“要是就好了”。 _(要是就好了) it could be just like last year!,must have been,would have kept them warm,If only,4. “had +过去分词. . . when. . . ”表示“刚刚这时” She _(就要到达) her destination _ (这
6、时)a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped. 5. only to do表示意想不到或令人失望的结果, 意思是“结果却” Abruptly she sat down, _(结果却被搂了起来)by her laughing, shouting sister, Luna.,had almost reached,when,only to be scooped up,. 语篇完形A group of students from England has come to the Zhoukoudian caves for a visi
7、t. An archaeologist is 1. _ them round. The archaeologists have been 2. _ here for many years. After finding human and animal bones in those caves higher up the hill as 3. _ as tools and other objects, they think 4. _ is reasonable to assume they lived in these caves, 5. _ of the cold. They discover
8、ed fireplaces in the centre of the caves 6. _ they made fires.,showing,excavating,well,it,regardless,where,Some evidence suggests that our ancestors did wear clothes 7. _ from animal skins. The archaeologist also shows the students a 8. _ necklace preserved quite well. Indeed, as the botanical analy
9、ses have shown us, all the fields around here 9. _ to be part of a large shallow lake. Perhaps there was trade between early peoples 10. _ they travelled to the seaside on their journeys.,made,primitive,used,or,1. 选用所给词汇的正确形式完成句子 (1)The pencil was not _, so he _ it with a _. (sharpen) (2)She used to
10、 suffer from _ but now she _ _ herself to try to lose weight. (starve),sharp,sharpened,sharpener,starvation,is,starving,(3)While working out the problem, you should pay more attention to the _. You must measure the length _ in order to get the _ number. (accurate) (4) _, we must expect some changes
11、to be made in our system of government. (look ahead) (5)The notice hanging on the front wall is meant _ the unwanted visitors, especially at working hours. (keep out),accuracy,accurately,accurate,Looking ahead,to keep out,2. 选用句型透视中的句式仿写句子 (1)如果我采纳了他的建议就好了！ _ (2)他刚走进教室, 这时铃声响了。 _ (3)汤姆去游泳, 却不幸被淹死了。
12、_,If only I had taken his advice!,He had just entered the classroom when the bell rang.,Tom went to swim, only to be drowned.,1. alternative n. 可能的选择adj. 供选择的；其他的 (1)have no alternative but to do sth. 别无选择；只好做某事 an alternative to. . . 的替代品 (2)alternatively adv. 可供选择地 Have you got an alternative sugg
13、estion? 你有没有其他的建议？,用所给动词的适当形式填空(admit) He had no alternative but _that he was wrong. =He had no choice but _that he was wrong. =He could do nothing but _ that he was wrong. 他除了承认他错了别无选择。 【点津】表示“别无选择, 只得”的表达方式还有： have no choice but to do; cant choose but do; cant (help) but do; can do nothing but do,
14、to admit,to admit,admit,【高考链接】 (2009湖北高考)As there is less and less coal and oil, scientists are exploring new ways of making use of _ energy, such as sunlight, wind and water for power and fuel. A. primary B. alternative C. instant D. unique【解析】选B。考查形容词辨析。句意：因为煤和石油都越来越少, 科学家们正在探索利用可替代能源像太阳能、风能和水能的方法
15、。alternative 有“可选择的, 可替代的”之意, 符合句意。primary“首要的, 初期的”；instant“立即的, 迅速的”；unique“独特的”。,2. interrupt vt. &vi. 打断讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止 (1)interrupt sb. /sth. (with sth. ) (因某事)打断某人/某事 (2)interruption n. 打扰；插嘴；阻断物 without interruption 连续地；不断地 Trade between the two countries _ _ _ the war. 两国之间的贸易被战争中断了。 It is not
16、 polite to interrupt a speaker with frequent questions. 不断提问打断演讲者是不礼貌的。,was,interrupted,by,She has kept up physical training for several years without interruption. 她坚持体育锻炼, 多年来从未间断。 【辨析】理解下列区别并选词填空,interrupt,disturb,【助记】对比记忆interrupt/disturb,3. assume vt. 假定；设想 (1)assume sb. to be. . . 认为某人是It is a
17、ssumed that. . . 人们认为 assuming (that). . . 假设(引导条件状语从句) (2)assumption n. 假定；假设 make an assumption 做出臆断 _ _ _ _ shopping on the Internet is not perfect. 人们认为网上购物不是完美的。 I _ _ _ _ a professor in a university. 我认为她是一所大学的教授。,It,is,assumed,that,assumed,her,to,be,Assuming that you get a large sum of money,
18、 what will you do? 假设你得到一大笔钱, 你会做什么？ We made an assumption that the house price would fall. 我们臆断房价会下降。 【熟词生义】读句子猜含义 He will assume the directorship of the project. ( ),担任；承担,【想一想】动脑想一想, 我们还学过哪些引导词引导条件状语从句, 表示“如果, 假设”？ 【参考答案】 引导条件状语从句的从属连词还有：if, unless(=if. . . not 如果不；除非, 否则), so/as long as(只要), in
19、case(万一), on condition that(条件是), supposing/suppose(假设, 如果), provided that(如果)等。例如： I can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep a secret. 我可以告诉你真相, 条件是你答应保守秘密。,Supposing anything should go wrong, what would you do then? 假如出了什么问题, 你准备怎么应付? He wont be against us in the meeting provi
20、ded that we ask for his advice in advance. 如果我们提前征求一下他的意见, 他就不会在会上反对我们。,4. arrest vt. 逮捕；吸引n. 逮捕；拘留 He was the first to be arrested for drunk driving. 他是第一个因醉驾而被捕的人。 The new election in America arrested the worlds attention. 美国的新大选吸引了世人的注意力。 He is said to be under arrest for stealing. 据说他由于偷窃被捕了。,Po
21、lice chased the fleeing terrorists and later made two arrests. 警方追踪逃跑的恐怖分子, 后来逮捕了其中两人。 【归纳】填写适当的词 arrest sb. _. . . 因逮捕某人 _ arrest 被捕；拘留 arrest _ 吸引某人的注意力 _ an arrest 进行逮捕,for,under,ones attention,make,5. regardless of不管, 不顾 He climbed the building, regardless of the danger. 他不顾危险爬上了这座大楼。 He continu
22、ed speaking, _ _ my feelings on the matter. 他继续说个不停, 不顾我对此事的感受。 【点津】(1)regardless of. . . 强调“不认为重要, 从而不加以重视或考虑”, 而despite和in spite of有“尽管但是”之意。 (2)regardless of后可接whether, what引导的从句, 而in spite of和despite后不可接从句。,regardless,of,选词填空(regardless of/in spite of) The president insisted on the new law _ whe
23、ther the committee are for it. _the heavy rain, the soldiers kept rescuing the people flooded.,regardless of,In spite of,6. fed up with受够了；饱受；厌烦 feed. . . on/with 用来喂 feed. . . to. . . 把喂给 feed onlive on (牛、马等)吃东西；以为食 The old couple is never fed up with going to the same park every day. 这对老夫妻每天都去同一个
24、公园, 从不厌烦。,Im fed up with that piece of bread. 那一块面包让我饱饱的。 根据汉语提示完成句子 Well, Im _ _ _ (厌烦)all the attention of the public. All animals including men _ _(以为食) plants or other animals. Youd better _ _ _ _ _(把这些新鲜的蔬菜喂给)the little boy.,fed,up,with,feed,on,feed,these,fresh,vegetables,to,7. date back (to. .
25、 . )追溯到；始于 This church dates back to 1173. 这所教堂是在1173年建成的。 The history of hockey can date back to thousands of years ago. 曲棍球的历史可以追溯到数千年前。 【点津】 date back to=date from, 一般不用于被动语态, 也不用于进行时态。,改错 This is an old building dated back to Roman Times. ( ) His interest in drawing is dating from his school day
26、s. ( ) 【拓展】补全下列date的短语 up _ date 时新的 out _ date 过时的 _ date 到目前为止；迄今,to,of,to,dateddating,is datingdates,8. If only it could be just like last year! 要是能像去年那样有多好呀！ “If only+句子”是一个固定句型, 表示一种愿望“要是就好了/但愿”。 (1)if only. . . could/would/might+do. . . 表示对将来事情的愿望(不用should) (2)if only. . . did. . . 表示与目前或现在事实相
27、反的愿望 (3)if only. . . had done. . . 表示与过去事实相反的愿望,用所给词的正确形式填空 If only I _ more time to think about this suggestion. (have) 我要是有更多的时间去考虑这个建议就好了。 If only I _the doctors advice! (follow) 要是我听从了医生的建议该多好啊！ If only we _the opportunity to work in Tibet next year. (have) 我们明年要是有机会去西藏工作就好了。,had,had followed,co
28、uld have,【辨析】理解下列区别并选词填空,Only if,If only,1. significance n. 意义；意思；重要性；重要意义 观察句子, 写出黑体部分的含义 Few people realized the significance of the discovery. ( ) This conference is of historic significance. ( ) The significance of a green traffic light is generally understood. ( ),重要性,意义,意思,be of great signific
29、ance be very significant significant adj. 有意义的, 意味深长的；重要的,重大的 significantly adv. 有重大意义地；显著地；意味深长地,非常重要,【拓展】,2. cut up切碎；打败；砍伤；使悲痛 观察句子, 写出黑体部分的含义 She cut up the meat for her little dog. ( ) He was cut up because his friends refused to help him. ( ) We have cut up the enemys forces. ( ) Her younger b
30、rother was cut up by a robber last week. ( ) 【拓展】 cut in 插嘴, 打断cut off 切断, 阻断, 使分离, 使隔离cut down 砍伐, 缩短cut out 删掉, 剪裁,切碎,使难过,打败,砍伤,3. look ahead向前看；为将来打算 If only she had looked ahead and planned better! 她要是早有预见, 计划得更好些就好了！ We must _ _ before we go further in the matter. 在进一步进行这件事之前, 我们必须为将来考虑。,look,a
31、head,【拓展】用适当的介词或副词填空 The committee is looking _ the cause of the accident. Youll be scolded for looking _ _ the disabled. Look _ for robbery if you carry a lot of money. People are looking _ _ getting together with their families on such an occassion.,into,down,upon,out,forward,to,4. Abruptly she sa
32、t down, only to be scooped up by her laughing, shouting sister, Luna. 突然间她坐了下来, 结果却被她又笑又叫的妹妹卢娜一把搂了过来。 句子only to do sth. 作结果状语, 往往含有一种出乎意料的意味, 常意为“不料；反而；结果却”。 仿写句子 我打开盒子, 却发现里面什么都没有。 I opened the box, _.,only to find nothing in it,警察急忙赶到现场, 结果被告知被毁的汽车已被人拖走。 The police hurried to the spot, _ _.,only t
33、o be told that the,damaged car had been taken away,【想一想】高考中经常把不定式作结果状语与分词作结果状语放在一起考查。动脑想一想, 两者有何区别？ 【参考答案】不定式和分词作结果状语 1. 不定式作结果状语 (1)表示其动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后, 往往表示未曾预料到的或令人不快的结果, 不定式前常加only。 We hurried home, only to find our house broken into. 我们匆忙到家, 结果却发现有人闯入我们家。,(2)用于too. . . to, enough to, never to,
34、 so/such. . . as to等固定结构中。 The task is too difficult for us to finish on time. 这项任务太难了, 我们不能按时完成。 2. 现在分词作结果状语时, 表示伴随谓语动词所表示的动作的发生而产生的自然结果(同时发生), 有时在前面加上thus, 谓语动词所表示的动作与现在分词所表示的动作是因果关系。,There is mud and water everywhere, making it very difficult to travel from place to place. 到处都是泥和积水, 这使到各地旅行很困难。
35、The price of housing has been going up, making many people worried. 房价不断上涨, 这使很多人担心。,. 改错 1. It is reported that the matter is great significance. ( ) 2. He had no alternative but go there alone. ( ) 3. I hurried to his home, only finding he was out. ( ) 4. If only I am a bird, I would fly in the sk
36、y freely. ( ),在great前加of,在go前加to,findingto find,amwere,5. It is considered impolite to cut up when others are speaking. ( ) 6. Anyhow, the enemy should have known the whole plan. ( ) 7. The vase is said to be dated back to the Ming Dynasty. ( ) 8. People are feeding up with all these traffic jams. (
37、 ) 9. Assume that it rains tomorrow, shall we go on with the sports meet? ( ) 10. He was under the arrest for robbery. ( ),upin,Anyhow Somehow,be dateddate,feedingfed,AssumeAssuming,去掉the,. 完成句子 1. His mother has to _for him. 他母亲不得不为他将所有的食物切碎。 2. I dont want to _. Go on with your story. 我不想用这样的问题打断你
38、。继续讲你的故事。 3. Most of them _, which makes farmers hunt them everywhere. 它们多数吃植物, 这使得农民到处捕杀它们。,cut up all the food,interrupt you with such questions,feed on plants,4. _other students laughing, he went on doing the experiment by himself. 不管其他学生的嘲笑, 他继续一个人做这项实验。 5. There was no other _till the victory.
39、除了战斗直到胜利, 别无其他选择。 6. _stress is caused by too much work. 普遍认为, 压力是工作过重所致。 7. The agent _carrying a false passport. 那个经纪人因携带假护照而被捕。,Regardless of,alternative but to fight,It is generally assumed that,was arrested for,8. _you _with greater care! 你工作要是再仔细一些该多好啊！ 9. They _what theyll do after graduating
40、. 他们正在为毕业后做什么进行打算。 10. This is an old building _the 16th century. 这是一栋追溯到16世纪的古老建筑。,If only,had worked,are looking ahead,dating back to,. 话题写作先将下面几个句子翻译成英语, 然后连成一段小短文。1. 假如一个人知道学习的重要性, 他就会有充足的时间学习。 2. 李华是高三的学生, 他心想：“要是我现在是大学生该多好啊！”3. 然而为了将来, 他除了为即将到来的高考做准备别无选择。 4. 尽管他对每天做那么多练习非常厌烦, 尽管他遇到了许多困难, 但他坚持认
41、为他得加快复习的步伐才行。5. 他的父母都为他喝彩, 在他学习的时候从不打扰他。 _,【参考范文】Assuming that one knows the significance of study, he will have ample time to study. Li Hua, a student of Senior Three, often says to himself, “If only I were a college student！” However, looking ahead, he has no alternative but to prepare for the coming college entrance examinations. Fed up with doing lots of exercises every day and regardless of a lot of difficulties, he knows he has to accelerate his walk to revision. His parents both applaud him and never interrupt him while he is studying.,
