1、Welcome to our English class,动词与动词短语,1.动词：表示动作和状态的词， 动词有时态、语态和语气的变化。,动词的四种基本形式：现在时（原形），过去时，过去分词和现在分词。,2.动词的种类,1）、 实义动词,1.1 及物动词a.动词后要求有宾语，否则意思不完整的动词。及物动词可有被动结构。 She studies English very hard. I always review my lessons in the evening.,b. 及物动词的另两种结构 及物动词中有少数动词要求一个宾语（直接宾语）外，还要求有一个宾语（间接宾语），才使句意完整。这类动词有
2、：leave, show, bring, lend, teach, give, tell, hand, write等。 *Ill tell you a story about Lei Feng.,S+V+O+O,还有少数动词要求一个宾语外，还要求有一个补足语来使句意完整。这类动词有：name, call, get, have, find, turn, think, consider等。 They call him Lao Wang.,S+V+O+Oc,2) 不及物动词 不及物动词指不可带宾语的动词，也不可用于被动语态。 The sun rises in the east. He came la
3、st month. He works hard.,（2）、连系动词类 连系动词只起连系作用，虽有词义但不能单独作谓语，后必须加表语一起构成谓语。,go bad / hungry / mad / wrongfall (fell-fallen) ill / asleepYour dream will come true one day.,变化类:become（成为）, get（变得）, turn（变为）, grow（变得）, come（成为，后来证实）, go（变成，进入的状态）, fall（变成）,感观类:look（看起来）, sound（听起来）, feel（觉得）, taste（尝起来）,
4、smell（闻起来）， Roses smell sweet! She felt a bit tired. E.g. His voice sounds _. A.well B.beautifully C.excellent D.wonderfully,C,显得类:seem, appear, lookIt looks as ifIt seems as if / thatIt appears that 状态类:keep, stay, remain, lie, sit, stand prove, turn outThe weather will_hot for another two weeks.A.
5、last B.remain C.get D.turnThe hot weather will _another two days.A.last B.remain C.get D.turn,B,A,The weather turned out (to be)fine. He proved (to be) honest / an honest person. 注：be, become, turn, remain 可带名词 He remains a teacher. =He is still a teacher. He became _ teacher. A.a B.the C.an D./ He
6、turned _ teacher. A.a B.the C.an D./,A,D,3、使役、感观动词类：,let, make, have +O+Oc see, look at, watch, notice, observe, hear listen to, feel The boss made them _12 hours a day. A.work B.to work C.worked D.working They were made_12 hours a day. A.work B.to work C.worked D.working,A,B,The boy was last seen_f
7、ootball on the playground. A.play B.playing C.to play D.played He often heard this song_by the famous singer. A.sing B.singing C.to sing D.sung He had his leg_. A.break B.breaking C.to break D.broken,B,D,D,4、主动表被动类：,与easily ,well等副词连用的动词 sell, wash, burn, cook, cut, drive, dress, play, last, open, w
8、rite, start, translate, run, read, operate, break, measure, weigh Dry wood burns easily. The cloth washes well. This phrase does not translate well into Chinese.,The man always dresses well / poorly. Your composition reads well except for a few spelling mistakes. -Have you got a ticket for the conce
9、rt? -No, the tickets_well and they _out last week. A.sell;were sold B.sell;sold C.sell;have been sold D.are sell;sold,A,Dont get that ink on your white shirt, for it_. A. wont wash out B. doesnt wash away C. isnt washing out D. hasnt washed awayThey tried to get the car_, but it wont_. A. started; s
10、tart B. to start; start C. started; started D. to start; to start,A,A,5、只接动名词做宾语的词/词组,mind, risk, avoid, enjoy, miss, keep, suggest, appreciate, practise, delay, finish, dislike, excuse, imagine, consider, forbid, escape admit, advise, allow, put off, give up, be worth, be busy get down to, devoteto
11、, look forward to, be used to, lead to, succeed in, spend/waste time (in) have a good/hard time (in) have difficulty /trouble (in) there is no use(in),She looked forward every spring to_ the flower-lined garden.A. visit B. paying a visit C. walk in D. walking inI would appreciate _back this afternoo
12、n.A. you to call B. you callC. your calling D. youre callingThe day he has looked forward to_at last.A. coming B. came C. come D. comes,D,C,B,6、只接不定式作宾语的词/词组,decide, expect, hope, wish, order, refuse, promise, pretend, agree, seem, attempt, fail, offer, happen, warn, afford make up ones mind to, be
13、determined to used to, be about to, be able to, have to would like/love to=should like/love to I would love _to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone,B,Mr Smith warned his son_after drinking. A.never to drive B.to neve
14、r drive C.never driving D.never drive She pretended_me when I passed by. A.not to see B.not seeing C.to not see D.having not seen,A,A,7、宾语不同、意义不同,1) go on to do （做完某事）接着做另一件事go on doing继续做同一件事 2) stop to do停下来接着做另一件事 stop doing停止做某事 3) remember to do记得去做某事 remember doing记得曾经做过某事 4) forget to do 忘记去做
15、某事forget doing忘记做过某事 5) mean to do企图做某事 mean doing意味着做某事 6) regret to do很遗憾要做某事 regret doing后悔做过某事 7) try to do 努力、试图做某事try doing尝试着做某事 8) cant help (to) do 不能帮助做某事cant help doing情不自禁做某事,cant help but do=cant but do=have to do I cant help but tell him the truth. -I usually go there by train.-Why not
16、_by boat for a change?A.to try going B.trying to goC.to try and go D.try going -The light in the office is still on.-Oh,I forgot_.A.turning it off B.turn it offC.to turn it off D.having turned it off,D,C,He didnt remember_him before.A.having met B.have metC.to meet D.to having met Go on_the other ex
17、ercise after you have finished this one.A. to do B.doing C.to be doing D.to be done -You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.-Well,now I regret_that.A.to do B.to be doing C.to have done D.having done,A,A,D,七、接动名词、不定式意义区别不大,begin , start, continue, like, love, hate prefer It began ra
18、ining. It is beginning to rain. I prefer staying home to going out. I prefer to stay home rather than go out.,Tired as he was,he continued to work. =Though he was very tired,he continued working. He likes playing football,but he doesnt like to play football today.,八、宾语不同、语态不同、但 意义相同,need, require, w
19、ant, deserve The room requires to be cleaned. =The room requires cleaning. This sentence needs_. A.an improvement B.improve C.improving D.improved,C,The baby needs_. A.looked after B.looking after C.look after D.to look after,B,九、接宾语和宾补、形式不同,allow, permit, forbid, advise, admit consider We forbid sm
20、oking here. We forbid anybody to smoke here. You are forbidden to smoke here.,We are considering _ to the south. A.go B.to go C.going D.goneCharles Babbage is generally considered _the first computer. A.to have invented B.inventing C.to invent D.having invented,C,A,十、接虚拟语气的词,1)insist 2)order, comman
21、d 4)advise, suggest, propose , recommend 4)demand, ask, require, request He ordered that we (should)leave at once. His order that we (should) leave at once was right. The order was that we (should) leave at once. That we (should) leave at once was his order.,He insisted that his brother_ there. A.go
22、 B.went C.going D.to go He insisted that he_ nothing wrong and _ set free. A.do;be B.had done;was C.had done;be D.did; was His voice suggested that he_angry. A.is B.be C.was D.were He suggested that the boy _ sent to hospital at once. A.was B.be C.is D.were,A,C,C,B,十一、瞬间非延续性动词,go, come, leave, start
23、, return, arrive, stop, finish, borrow, lend, open, close, die, become, break, join, kill, marry, graduate, buy marry-be married seat-be seatedhide-be hidden engage-be engageddie-be dead begin-be on join-be inborrow-keep come-be/stay leave-be away buy-have=have got,He died ten years ago,thats to say
24、,he has _ for ten years.A.been died B.been deadC.died D.been dying When Jack arrived he learned Mary_for almost an hour.A.had gone B.had set offC.had left D.had been away,B,D,He is leaving for Beijing tomorrow. The boy is so sick that he is dying fast. The bus is coming. The train is leaving. I am g
25、oing.,十二、表计划未能实现的动词,intend, mean ,hope, plan, expect, think, want, suppose, promise I had hoped to come here, but I had an unexpected visitor. =I hoped to have come here,. Would /should+love / like to have done,He wants to meet you at the airport. He wanted to have met you at the airport,but he didn
26、t get there in time. We planned to have done good deeds for the poor people last month. I should (would) like (love) to give her the gift. I should(would) like (love) to have given her the gift. He would like to have played the violin at the concert.,十三 、情感动词类,表示人的内在感受的动词 encourage, excite, inspire,
27、 interest, amaze, satisfy, delight, please, move, frighten, surprise, astonish, shock, disappoint, discourage, puzzle, worry, tire, touch, relax,The news sounds _.(encourage) The play was so _ that nearly everybody was _ to tears.(move) Looking at her paper, she nodded with a_ smile on her face.(sat
28、isfy) He looked at me with a_look. (puzzle),encouraging,moving,satisfied,moved,puzzled,十四 、否定前移类,believe, imagine, suppose, think, feel , guess I dont think he can finish the work,_? A.cant he B.can he C.do I D.dont I We dont believe she knows it,_? A.does she B.doesnt she C.do we D.dont we You dont
29、 think he can finish it, _? A.do you B.dont you C.can he D.cant he,B,A,A,十五、不带不定式作复合宾语,hope, agree, suggest, demand, imagine, would rather I wish him to come. =I hope that he will come. I allowed/permitted him to go there. =I agreed that he can go there.,He advised me to do it right now. =He suggest
30、ed (to me) that I (should) do it right now. I prefer him to go there. =I would rather he went there. I cant imagine such a girl like Mary doing such a thing. He wanted me to do it. =He demanded that I (should)do it.,十六 、省略替代类,1）believe, think, suppose, expect, guess I think so. I think not = I dont
31、think so 2) hope, fear, be afraid + so / not 3) intend, want, plan, wish, like, love, hate, hope, try, would (should) like / love to,Do you want to have a rest? Yes, I want to, but I cant. Did you get the new stamps? No,I tried to, but there wasnt any left in that post office. I didnt mean to call you at late night,but I had to as I did have something important to tell you.,十七、助动词 be, do, have, will, would, shall, should.助动词本身无意义，不能单独做谓语，其作用是辅助实义动词组成谓语，构成句子的疑问式、否定式、以及各种时态、语态和语气。,Thanks for your attendingBye-bye,
