1、 to our English class 理解概念很关键 掌握逻辑是重点 大句子套小句子 从句的特点 1. 从句也要符合句子的基本结构 2. 从句只是做为句子某一成分出现的 3. 从句的关联词很关键 , 通常来讲 ,它们是从句开始的标志 1. Tom is a good boy. 2. He is walking./We disagree. 3. I love you. 4. I consider him handsome/a handsome boy. 5. He gave me a present. 从句 名词性从句 形容词性从句 副词性从句 :定语从句 :状语从句 主语从句 宾语从句
2、表语从句 同位语从句 谓语动词 /介词 名 词 When we shall hold the meeting depends on whether John can return tomorrow. 系动词 The problem is when John will come back. We expressed our hope that we could visit the country again. Have a try: What kind? I dont know who broke the window. She walked up to where she stood. Wha
3、t they need is a good textbook. She will give whoever needs help a warm welcome. This is where our problem is. It is certain that she will do well in her exam. The foreigner expressed his hope that he was going to visit the Great Wall again. We consider it necessary that he should improve his pronun
4、ciation. O S O P S A O O Task I. 什么叫“名词性从句”？ 名词性从句在功能上相当于名词 主语 His job is important. What he does is important. 表语 This is his job. This is what he does every day. 宾语 I dont like his job. I dont like what he does every day. 同位语 I dont know about the man, Mr. White. I dont know about the fact that he
5、 is a teacher. Noun Clauses 名词性从句 一个句子 , 在连词的引导下 , 在一个句子 中当名词使用 , 叫名词性从句根据句法 功能 , 名词性从句可以分为主语从句、 宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句 引导词的分类 1 2 3 that, whether, if who, whom, whose, which, what, whatever, whoever, whichever, when, where, how, why 从属连词 连接代词 连接副词 名词性 that-从句 1） 由从属连词 that引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句 。 that只起连接主句和从句
6、的作用， 在从句中不担任任何成分 ， 本身也没有词义 。 名词性 that-从句在句中能充当主语 、 宾语 、 表语 、 同位语和形容词宾语 ， 例如： 主语： That he is still alive is sheer luck. 同位语： The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office. 形容词宾语： I am glad that you are satisfied with your job. Its a pity that you missed the film. It make
7、s no difference whether he will attend the meeting or not. It is said that the novel has been translated into English. 注意 2) it做为形式主语和宾语 为了避免头重脚轻，通常用做形式主语，将真正的主语从句后置 What引导 的主语从句例外。 动词 think, make, feel, consider， find等后常用 it作形式宾语来代替 that引导的宾语从句。 We all think it good news that we will have a holiday
8、 this weekend. Our school has made it a rule that all the students should wear school uniform on Monday morning. I consider it necessary that we should ask him for advice. 巧记 It作形式代词真能干，可把不定式、动名词或从句来代办，而让它们后面站！ 提示：介词一般不与 that 连用。 但 in that ， except that 除外 Man differs from brutes in that they can th
9、ink and speak. Practice time:用形式代词 it转换下列名词性从句 1.Who broke the glass yesterday is not clear. 2.Why he did the work is easy to understand. 3.That her hair was turning grey worried her a bit. 4.He had won the first prize. We thought it was good news. He didnt make _ clear when and where the meeting wo
10、uld be held. (07 Tianjin 1) A this B. that C. it D. these It is none of your business _ other people think about you. Believe yourself.(07 Fujian 35) A. How B. what C. which D. when 3) that 的省略问题 1.That she was chosen made us very happy. 2. She expressed the hope that they would come to China one da
11、y. 3.You problem is that you lack self-confidence 4.She told me that she would accept my invitation. 5. She said that she would go there on Friday and that she would return the next day。 6.We think it important that you should do it at once. 7.I didnt tell him anything except that I wasnt able to fi
12、nd my way back. 在主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中， that不能省略。 宾语从句中的连接词 that在以下三种情况下不能省略： （ 1）当 that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，第二个 that不能省； 名词性 wh-从句 1） 由 wh-词引导的名词从句叫做名词性 wh-从句 。wh-词包括 who, whom, whose, what, which, -ever等连接代词和 where, when, how, why等连接副词 。连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义 、 又起连接作用 ， 在从句中充当从句的成分 。连接代词 在从句中做主 ， 宾 ， 表语 。
13、 连接副词在句中做表 ， 状语 。 例如： 主语： How the book will sell depends on its author. 宾语： The club will give whoever wins a prize. 表语： My question is who will take over the president. 宾语补足语： She will name him whatever she wants to. 同位语： I have no idea when he will return. 形容词宾语： Im not sure why she refused their
14、invitation. 介词宾语： That depends on where we shall go. wh-从句作主语也常用先行词 it做形式主语，而将 wh-从句置于句末，例如： It is not yet decided who will do that job. what 既可表疑问，也可没有疑问，作为缩合连词相当于 all that ,everything that ,the person who 不表疑问。 在从句中做主语，宾语或表语。 They reached _ is now part of America. A. what B. where C which D. that
15、He is _ is known as a hacker- he likes to show off on the internet and attack websites. A. what B. who C. that D which which 表疑问，哪一个 who,whom 表疑问，谁 whoever ,whomever- 无论是谁，不管是谁。 = anyone who those who where when why既可表疑问，也可不表疑问 I still remember _ this used to be a quiet village . Why not try your lu
16、ck downtown- thats _good jobs are. whether 与 if 均为 “ 是否 ” 的意思 。 但在下列情况下用 whether ： 1.whether 引导主语从句 ,表语从句 ,同位语从句应当用 whether， 2. whether引导从句作介词的宾语 。 Im not interested in whether theyll go or not. 3. whether可以直接跟动词不定式连用 。 I didnt know whether to laugh or to cry. 4.从句后有 “ or not”时 I wonder whether he w
17、ill come or not. 5. discuss 后 if, whether引导的名词从句 whether与 if的辨用 1. I asked her _ she had a bike. 2._ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather. 3. Were worried about _ he is safe. 4. I dont know _ he is well or not. 5. I dont know _ or not he is well. 6. The question is _
18、he should do it. 7.The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon. 8. I dont know _ to go. 9._ you are not free tomorrow, Ill go without you. if / whether Whether whether whether whether whether whether whether If 总原则： 看 从句 中缺少什么成分，根据意思选择适当连接词语；如不缺成分且句意完整，则选用 that. 一找 二查 三
19、选 ：从句 ：缺少什么成分 ：意思适合的关联词 Have a try: Choose a proper one 1. _ has been announced is that we must hand in our graduation papers before the end of June. What 2. _ he always serves the people is well-known. 3. _ the English evening will be held, on Monday or Tuesday, has not yet been decided. 4. I want
20、to know _ he has told you. 5. Everything depends on _ we have enough money. 6. That is _ he didnt come to the meeting. 7. The news _ we won the game was exciting. That Whenwhat whether why that Task II .名词性从句 单复数概念 1.That I can pay back the help people give me _(make) me happy. 2.What we need _(be)
21、more time. 3.What we need _ (be)more English dictionaries. makes is are 一般情况下，名词性从句看作单数概念。表示所需要的这层含义根据表 语来确定 .I wonder how many years ago _. A. did your father retire B. your father retired C. has your father retired D. your father has retired 语序问题 . You cant imagine how excited I was! 名词性从句必须用陈述句语序 ,感叹句除外
