1、1 1. ? ? : : : , , 2. ? : , , , , , / didt , , 3. PN / dudt 4. 100A 100A2 A I I 157 100 57 . 1 57 . 1 T(AV) T 2 d ) sin ( 1 m 0 2 m T I t t I I m 0 m d 2 d sin 1 I t t I I 11 . 1 2 2 d T f I I K A K I I 1 . 141 11 . 1 157 f T d 100A 141.4A 5. A I t I I 5 . 115 3 200 3 d 2 1 m 3 2 0 2 m T A I t I I 7
2、 . 66 3 200 3 d 2 1 m 3 2 0 m d A A 1 . 141 1 . 13 732 . 1 7 . 66 5 . 115 d T f I I K A I I 120 ) 2 5 . 1 ( 57 . 1 T T(AV) 6. GTO GTO GTO 12 12 1.15 GTO 12 1 12 112 PNP 122 NPN 1 2 GTO GTO GTO GTO 7. / dudt / didt 5 RC RCD 1 1 24 8. BJT 9. BJT BJT BJT 10.VDMOS VDMOS . MOS , P N + , , , , , , 11. MOS
3、FET MOSFET BJT BJT5 12. MOSFET MOSFET 3 25W 12 24V 3 13.IGBT IGBT 4 NPN ,P , J3 , i c , NPN , NPN PNP , , , IGBT , / dudt 14. 4 46 15 1 2 3 4 5 1 27 3 4 16 1 2 3 4 1 2 200ms 3 4 2ms,8 17. 2ms, 2-1 5 , 0.2H 2 U 220V 10A d U 2 cos 1 45 . 0 2 U Ud d I 10A A R I U d d 50 5 10 220V 2209 0 1 220 45 . 0 50
4、 2 1 45 . 0 2 cos 2 U Ud =90 A I I I t d I I d d d d VT 5 2 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 A I I d VDR 66 . 8 2 2 2U UM 23 V U U M TN 933 622 311 3 2 3 2 2 2U UM 23 V U U M TN 933 622 311 3 2 3 2 2-2 2-44 1 2 VT 1 VT 2 VT 1 VT 2 2 VT 2 2 2 U V 3310 2 0 0 VT1 1 VT 4 VT 2 u ( ) 0 ( 2 ) 2 VT 2 VT 3 VT 2 u VT1 1 VT 4 VT
5、 2 u 2 2 VT 2 VT 3 VT 2 u 2-3 V U 220 2 2 L R 30 (1) d U d I (2) 1 V U Ud 7 . 184 2 30 cos 1 220 9 . 0 2 cos 1 9 . 0 2 A R U I L d d 35 . 92 2 7 . 184 2 2 2U 23 2 u d Id11 V U U M TN 933 622 3 2 A R U I T 76 2 4 2 sin 2 1.52 A I I T AV T 96 73 57 . 1 ) 2 5 . 1 ( ) ( 2-4 V U 100 2 2 L R L E=60V =30 1
6、 d d i u , 2 i 2 d U d I 2 I 3 (1) , , d d i u 2 i12 2 d U d I 2 I V U Ud 97 . 77 30 cos 100 9 . 0 cos 9 . 0 2 A R E U I d d 99 . 8 2 60 97 . 77 A I I d 99 . 8 2 3 ) ( 4 . 141 2 100 2 2 A U 23 ) ( 424 283 4 . 141 ) 3 2 ( V UTN ) ( 34 . 6 2 I d A IT 1.52 ) ( 08 . 8 06 . 6 57 . 1 / 34 . 6 ) 2 5 . 1 (
7、A I AT T 2-5 0100V 30V 20A 220V 30 min . 1 2 1 2 1 2sin d UUtdt= 2 1cos 0.9 2 U min =30 1 (1 ( ) 5 . 1 / 34 . 6 1 / 34 . 6 20A 2013 100 2 30 cos 1 9 . 0 2 cos 1 9 . 0 2 2 U U U d 2 U =119V d U =30100V d I 20A 30V R=1.5 30 2 cos 1 119 9 . 0 2 cos 1 9 . 0 2 U U d 116 A R U I 38 2 sin 2 1 2 2 2 2 2U 23
8、 V U U TN ) 424 8 . 282 ( 2 ) 3 2 ( 2 1.52 A I I I T AV T 34 26 2 57 . 1 ) 2 5 . 1 ( 57 . 1 ) 2 5 . 1 ( 2 ) ( 2-6 1 VT ud 180 1 VT 2 VT 2 VT 2 VT u d I I T T ( ( ) ( ) AV AV 2 2 42 8 . 282 4 8 . 2 1.52 1.5 I I T 1 ) 2 5 . 1 ) 14 180 2 VT 2-7 2-8 U 0 d U d U d d U U d d15 2-9 20 , 220 2 L R V U =90 d
9、 d I U , d d T u i u , , 1 V U Ud 25 . 74 2 6 cos 1 220 675 . 0 6 cos 1 675 . 0 2 A R U I L d d 7125 . 3 20 25 . 74 2-10 5 . 0 , 110 2 L R V U =45 d d I U , d d T u i u , , 1 dT I T I dDR I DR I V U Ud 91 45 cos 110 17 . 1 cos 17 . 1 2 I Id I R R R 20 20 1 220 1 0 c 1 20 1 c 1 220 1 0 U L R d U 20 2
10、5 . 74 2 . 74 R R R16 A R U I L d d 182 5 . 0 91 : V U Ud 47 . 93 ) 6 cos( 1 675 . 0 2 A R U I L d d 94 . 186 5 . 0 47 . 93 A I I d dT 5 . 54 2 12 3 2 A I I d T 96 . 100 2 12 3 2 A I I d dDR 37 . 23 3 2 12 A I I d DR 1 . 66 3 2 12 2.11 , , 2 L R d I 250A , 08 . 0 B X 11.15 2 U 2 U ; 250 2 2 3 cos 1.
11、17 2 d R I I X U U d d B I d A A 96 . 100 96 . 0 I 3 3 I I I17 U 2 cos =435.5 cos 0 1 =0 2 U 435.5 2 U 440V 2 U 440506V, 2 U =440V =8.2 1.15 2 U =506V =30.6 2.12 V U 100 2 1 R L 30 V E 50 , 1 d U d I 1 1 , T T d i u u 2 mH L B 1 u T d i i u 1 , 1 22 1.17cos1.17cos30101.34 d UUUV 51.32 d d UE I A R V
12、 U U N ) 735 490 ( 6 ) 3 2 ( 2 A I I d T 63 . 29 3 A I I T AV T 75 . 37 39 . 28 ) 2 5 . 1 ( 57 . 1 ) ( 2 B L 2 1.17cos 3 2 dd Bd d dM d UUU XI U UE I R I T T 3 I I T T T d d i u i u T d d V ) 735 90 ) 735 A A 63 . 29 63 I I T 57 . 1. 1 ) V T18 2 94.63 44.63 2 coscos() 6 d d Bd UV IA XI U cos300.752
13、11.28 2.13 u,v 180 2.14 VT 1 VT 3 VT 5 VT 319 VT 5 2.15 V E 200 V U 220 2 1 R L , 60 1 d U d I 1 1 , T T d i u u 2 mH L B 1 u T d i i u 1 , 1 ) ( 4 . 257 60 cos 220 34 . 2 cos 34 . 2 0 2 V U U d ) ( 4 . 57 1 200 4 . 257 A R E U I d d 2 mH L B 1 R E U I I X U U U U d d d B d d d 3 cos 34 . 2 2 ) ( 15
14、 . 244 V U d ) ( 15 . 44 A I d 2 2 coscos() 6 cos600.4485 3.35 Bd XI U R20 2.16 V U 110 2 2 . 0 L R o 45 d d I U , dT I T I, , , 1 d d T u i u 1 T i 0 2 45 cos 110 34 . 2 cos 34 . 2 U U d 182V R U I d d = 2 . 0 182 =910A 3 . 303 3 910 3 d dT I I A A I I d T 1 . 527 3 2.17 = 4 4 VT 2.18 2 cos 2 cos U
15、 U 110 110 2 2 110 34 . 110 4 =910 =91021 1) (2) 2 d U 2.19 2 U =220V R=1 L= M E = 400V =60 1 d U d I d u 1 T u 1 T i 2 B L =1mH d u 1 T i u i : L= ) ( 4 . 257 60 cos 220 34 . 2 cos 34 . 2 0 2 V U U d ) ( 6 . 142 1 ) 400 ( 4 . 257 A R E U I d d ) ( 105 66 . 78 3 57 . 1 2 5 . 1 ) ( A I I d AV T V U 1
16、617 1078 6 3 2 2 (2) 2 2.34cos 3 dd Bd d dM d UUU XI U UE I R 290.3 d UV 109.7 d I A 3 57 . 1 3 57 . 1 I I d d 3 3 1 T u i i u 4 . 257 0 257 ) ( 6 . 42 ) ( 6 . 10 66 . 78 1 66 U U 6 6U U 2 6 6U U22 2 2 coscos()0.1279 6 cos(120)0.6279 8.90 Bd XI U 2.20 2 U =220V =15 30 45 60 75 90 60 V U 311 2 2 60 )
17、 6 sin( 2 2 U 3-1. )23 3-2. 30 30 30 -180 30 -150 3-3. =0 80% 50% 0 2 0 2 2 max sin 2 1 U t d t U U o R U R U I o o 2 max max R U I U P o o o 2 2 max max max 80% max24 R U P P o 2 2 max 8 . 0 8 . 0 2 2 sin 2 U U o ) 2 2 sin ( 1 2 R R U P o o 4 . 0 2 sin 2 =60 50% =90 3-4. 220V R=9 , =30 1 2 3 (1) V
18、U U 216 6 3 sin 2 1 220 2 sin 2 1 2 0 A R U I L 24 9 216 0 0 (2) 2 2U 2-3 V U UTN 933 622 2 3 2 2 V25 A I IT 17 414 . 1 24 2 0 1.52 A I I T AV T 67 . 21 24 . 16 57 . 1 2 5 . 1 3-5. 3-35 V U 220 2 . 516 . 5 mH L . 1 R 1 2 3 1 60 1 005516 . 0 50 2 arctan arctan R L 60 0 180 0 2 = U 2 A L R Io 110 220
19、2 2 max (3) KW L R I P o o 2 . 24 10 516 . 5 100 1 110 2 3 2 2 2 max 2 max arctan arctan L arctan arctan R 6026 5 . 0 60 cos cos o 3-6 220V 10KW 5KW 84 . 4 2 P U R 5KW V U U 5 . 155 2 2 2 0 2 sin 2 1 2 0 U U 90 A R U I 1 . 32 0 0 7062 . 0 1 . 32 220 84 . 4 1 . 32 cos 2 0 2 0 2 I U R I 3-7. V U 220 2
20、 5 R 100 80 127 2 3 4 1 2 0 180 100 U U V U 164 0 1 KW R U P 379 . 5 2 0 3 75 . 0 8 . 32 220 5 8 . 32 cos 2 0 2 2 0 I U R I (4) A I IT 2 . 23 2 8 . 32 2 0 3-8 Y =30 ,45 120 135 3-8 Y =30 ,45 120 135 1 =30 t 0 0 30 0 0 0 60 30 0 0 90 60 0 0 120 90 0 0 150 120 0 0 180 150 8 . 32 220 . 32 0 5 8 . 5 2 I
21、 IT T I 028 VT5 VT6 VT5 VT6 VT1 VT6 VT1 VT6 VT1 VT2 VT1 VT2 VT1 VT2 VT3 RU u 0 u u uv) 2 / 1 ( u u u uw) 2 / 1 ( u u u 2 =45 t 0 0 45 0 0 0 60 45 0 0 105 60 0 0 120 105 0 0 165 120 0 0 180 165 VT5 VT6 VT5 VT6 VT1 VT6 VT1 VT6 VT1 VT2 VT1 VT2 VT1 VT2 VT3 RU u 0 u u uv) 2 / 1 ( u u u uw) 2 / 1 ( u u u
22、3 =120 t 0 0 30 0 0 0 60 30 0 0 90 60 0 0 120 90 0 0 150 120 0 0 180 150 VT4 VT5 VT1VT6 VT5 VT6 VT1VT6 VT6 VT1 VT1VT6 RU u uw u ) 2 / 1 ( 000 uv) 2 / 1 ( u 0 4 =135 t 0 0 15 0 0 0 30 15 0 0 75 30 0 0 90 75 0 0 135 90 0 0 150 135 0 0 180 150 VT1VT6 VT4 VT5 VT1VT6 VT5 VT6 VT1VT6 VT6 VT1 VT1VT6 RU u 0
23、uw u ) 2 / 1 ( 000 wv u ) 2 / 1 ( 0 125-128 3-9 U 1 =380V R=2 15 43.3KW 43.3KW 0 0 30 5 30 6 VT4 VT VT5 5 ) 2) 2 0 20 0 120 120 0 0 VT1VT6 1VT 000 000 0 0 0 75 30 7 3 0 0 VT VT29 V R P U 170 2 10 3 3 . 43 3 3 0 2 0 U N n U 2 U N=75 25 . 0 60 15 3-10 90 3-11 -30 3-12. - 3-13. - 3-14. -31 4-1 80V 10 5
24、0kHz 0.5 (1) (2)32 T t off t 1 t 2 I 20 s kHz f T s 20 50 1 1 5 . 0 0 d U U D V U U d 40 80 5 . 0 5 . 0 0 A R U I 4 10 40 0 0 4-2 D U o =5V 1040V P o 5W f s =50kHz s f T kHz f s s s 20 1 , 50 V U u 5 0 0 5 0 0 0 I U P A U P I 1 0 0 033 1040V D=0.5 0.125 ) 1 ( 2 o s LB D L U T I H D D I U T L 75 . 43
25、 25 ) 1 ( 1 2 5 10 20 ) 1 ( 2 6 LB o s D=0.1250.5 43.75 H 4-3 U o =5V fs=20kHz L=1mH C=470 F 12.6V Io mA ms f T s s 05 . 0 20 / 1 / 1 6 . 12 / 5 / d O U U D =0.397 L U U DT I o d S OB 2 / ) ( = mA 4 . 75 10 2 / ) 5 6 . 12 ( 10 05 . 0 397 . 0 3 3 O OB I I mV D LC U T U o s o 065 . 2 ) 379 . 0 1 ( 10
26、470 8 5 ) 10 50 ( ) 1 ( 8 9 2 6 2 2.065mV 5 / d O O U U / / / O O / / / / Io I mA mA 6 . 12 / 6 . =0.397 =034 4.4 4-5 100V RL =50 ton =80 s toff=20 s (1) u o i C (2) Uo (1): (2) , . 8 . 0 20 80 80 off on on t t t D V U D U d 500 100 8 . 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 U 500V.35 4-6 816V Uo=24V fs=20kHz C=470 F Po 5W
27、ms f T s S 02 . 0 1 0 U W I U P 5 0 0 24 5 0 I V U d 16 8 3 2 3 1 D Io IoB I oB 2 0 ) 1 ( 2 D D L U T I S OB 2 0 ) 1 ( 2 D D I U T L OB S 4-13 b D 0.330.67 D H D D L 67 . 170 85 ) 1 ( 24 5 2 24 10 2 2 5 170.67 H I Io I U T T I I T OB36 4-7 U o =24V 12V fs=20kHz L=150 H C=470 F Io mA 12 24 1 1 0 D U
28、U d D=0.5 D=0.5 mA D D L U T I S OB 500 5 . 0 5 . 0 10 150 2 10 24 05 . 0 ) 1 ( 2 2 6 3 2 0 3 6 0 0 0 10 20 10 470 12 5 . 0 24 s d Cf U U I U =106.4mV 106.4mV 4-8 4-9 4-10 - 840V Uo=15V fs=20kHz C=470 F Po W ms f T s s 05 . 0 20 / 1 / 1 0 U =106.4mV 106.4mV37 W I U P 5 0 0 0 15 2 0 I 40 8 15 1 0 D D
29、 U U d D 11 3 23 15 4-20 b D mH D D I U T L S 49 . 1 34 . 0 ) 1 15 / 2 2 15 10 5 ) 1 ( 2 2 5 2 0 0 1.49mH 4-11 - U o =15V 12V fs=20kHz L=150 H C=470 F Io mA 12 15 1 0 d U U D D D=5/9 D=5/9 A D L U T I s oB 49 . 0 9 5 1 150 2 15 50 1 2 2 2 0 O I I oB fs f =20kHz =20kHz mH 1.49mH 1.49 L=150 =15038 mV
30、C DT I U s o 5 . 29 10 470 10 05 . 0 9 5 10 500 6 3 3 0 29.5mV 4-12 4-13 4-14 1. ? ? : 4 : (3) (4) (5) (6) ?39 2.40 0 u r u 0 u 100 d UV 1 uvM U 1 uv U 5 5 uv U 1 uNM U 1 uv U 1 23 1.11.1100110 d uvMd U UUV41 V U U U U d d m UV UV 78 78 . 0 6 2 1 1 5 UV u t U u d UV 5 sin 5 3 2 5 V U U d UV 59 . 15
31、2 5 3 2 5 1 2 0.6370.63710063.7 d uNMd U UUV 1 1 2 0.450.4510045 2 uNM d uN d UU UUV 6.SPWM SPWM UUV UUV 4510045 451004542 7. ur uc ur uc 8.SPWM k=7 PWM , ( ) PWM N N N / ( ) (43 PWM SPWM SPWM SPWM SPWM ur uc 9. SPWM c f r f N PWM 1 4 N 1 4 PwM N PWM PWM PWM PWM N r f f r 1 1 4 444 N c f c f c f 10.SPWM 400Hz, 15 c r f N f 154006000 cr fNf Hz 11.SPWM SPWM 3 12. SPWM SPWM 13. 154006000Hz Hz4546 r C r L 0 T f L 0 I r L r C47 13
