1、理由型Objective,Elle Cai,Content,Objective?ExamplePractice,Objective?,特 点(Character),分 类(sorting),一般结构(general form),定 义(Definition),定义,理 由,支持（support）/解释（explain）,特点,Topic一个客观的现象或问题。说明和解释，都站在客观的立场上。,分类,Type1 : 一个客观现象你的看法/举例论证,Type2:一个客观现象 A方观点 B方观点你的看法,客观角度,客观角度,一般结构,主题,题目给出/自己提炼,理由一,理由二,理由三,总结,强调主题/收
2、尾照应,Type1,或 具体事例,正文,一般结构,讨论主题,来自他人,题目给出,总结,强调主题/收尾照应/升华主题,Type2,Example,Example,Directions: Write an English composition in over 120 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.你的好友因家境一般买不起名牌而闷闷不乐。给他写封信，谈谈你的看法和建议。收信人：徐海青寄信人：黄平（不可用自己的真实姓名）写信日期：2003年6月8日 （2003，春季）,审题,体裁：格式：人称：时态：内容要点：主题
3、：,议论文,客观论述,第一人称,一般现在时,书信格式,事情背景,我的想法,不应该盲目追求名牌,提纲,导言(introduction),背景（写信原因）,主题：不应盲目追求名牌,正文(body),理由一,理由二,结语(conclusion):,总结、希望,怎么想客观理由？,提纲,导言(introduction),背景（写信原因）,主题：不应盲目追求名牌,正文(body),理由一：,理由二：,结语(conclusion):,总结、希望,自身角度,父母角度,外表不是最重要的，学习才是正道,需要养成勤俭节约的品德,父母挣钱不容易，把钱花在刀刃上,事情背景key words,买不起，不能获得名牌不高兴，
4、不悦,can not buy,famous brand, best brand,not happy, unhappy,事情背景key words,Can not afford : your family can not afford the best brand for you.,afford,The government can not afford the consequence of the environment pollution.,Do not give her the commitment until you can afford her happiness in future
5、Life.,承担，负担,= response for,事情背景key words,unavailable,The best brand is totally unavailable for you because,不是你没时间，是你不愿意给我打电话。,It is not because you are unavailable, you just dont want to.,没时间、正忙,事情背景key words,upset,be/feel/look upset about sth/doing sth,You are upset about the unavailable famous bra
6、nd.,be/feel/look upset about sth,You feel upset about not getting the best brand you wanted.,be/feel/look upset about doing sth,你因为买不起名牌而闷闷不乐。,。,事情背景key words,In a bad mood,I know you are in a bad mood because you can not,In a mood,开心、忧郁、平静,In a shining wood, in a blue wood, in a cool mood,他每到周一就很开心
7、/抑郁/平静。,He always in a shining wood/ in a blue wood/ in a cool mood on Monday,事情背景因果关系表达,A,result in,contribute to,lead to,B,事情背景因果关系表达,result in +n,contribute to +n,lead to +n,因为家庭经济条件有限，所以你买不起名牌,Your family is not rich, result in the fact that you can not buy the best brand.,The fact that your fam
8、ily is not rich contributes to the result that you can not buy the best brand.,Your family is not rich, leading to the fact that you can not buy the best brand.,A,B,事情背景因果关系表达,A,B,because,because of,due to,For,Since,result form,owing to,As,事情背景因果关系表达,because of +n,due to +n,Since/for+句,result form +
9、n,你买不起名牌是因为家庭经济条件有限。,A,B,You can not afford the famous brand because of / due to the economic condition of your family.,You can not afford the famous brand since/for your family is not rich .,You can not afford the famous brand result from the economic condition of your family.,事情背景句式: 引出即将讨论的话题,引出一
10、个即将讨论的话题,It is said ,So far as I know (that ),It comes to me that,It comes to me that you are in a bad/blue mood for the best brand are too expensive to afford.,据说你正为买不起名牌而郁闷,事情背景句式：引出即将讨论的话题,表达主题key words,不顾，忽略 追求,表达主题key words,neglect,ignore,你不能不考虑家庭经济情况,You should not neglect the economic situati
11、on of your family.,neglectful: 忽略的，不注意的,学生一般注重学习，不太在意外表。,Generally, middle school students concern more about study while their appearance is always neglectful.,表达主题key words,We can not pursue the brand name product regardless of the economic situation of our family.,regardless of,我们不能一味追求名牌而不顾家庭经济情
12、况,regard,表达主题key words,regard as :把看做，认为学生应该把学习当做本职工作。 Students are supposed to regard the study as a natural duty. 我觉得学生的穿着是一个不被经常提及的话题。 I regard the dressing of students as a neglectful topic .,表达主题key words,with regard to: 提起，说起 我写信给你说一下你最近的情况。 I write the letter to you with regard to your recent
13、 situation 关于你买名牌商品的事情，我有话要跟你说。 With regard to your getting the best brand, I have something to tell you.,表达主题key words,pursue v. pursuit n.,Run after,我们不能一味的追求名牌,We can not pursue the best name regardless of anything else.,We can not focus on the pursuit of the best name regardless of anything else
14、.,We can not run after the famous name neglecting the economic situation of the family.,表达主题句式：引出主观想法,引出主观想法：,As far as I am concerned, ,Take my view into account,From my point of view,I am of the opinion that,我觉得，我们不应该一味追求名牌而不顾家庭经济情况。,I am of the opinion that we can not run after the famous brand o
15、verlooking The economic situation of our family.,表达主题句式：引出主观想法,I am of the opinion that,我觉得大学生会比中学生更加注重外表。,I am of the opinion that college students attach More importance to the outlook than middle school students do.,正文理由1key words,(外表不是最重要的是，学习和品德才是我们需要关注的因素。)重要的，首要的 important品德 virtue关注 pay atte
16、ntion to,正文理由1key words,significant,essential,Appearance is not the most significant/essential fact.,Appearance is not the essential/ principle for us student.,essential,Adj.,n.,consider sth as/put sth in the first position/place,phrase,We shouldnt consider/put appearance as/in the first position in
17、 mind.,significance,正文理由1key words,virtue,character,quality,characteristics,特征，特点,qualification,资格，达到标准,The interviewer will check the employees both his qualifications and quality/virtue/character.,面试官要同时考察应聘者的资历和品德。,特点，特色,正文理由1key words,关注： concern v. concern on sth concern n. show concern on sth
18、外表不是最重要的是，学习和品德才是我们需要关注的因素。 Appearance is not essential, but our virtue and study should be concerned on. We should show concern on our virtue and study, not appearance. We should show more concern on our virtue and study than that on our look.,正文理由1句式,外表不是最重要的是，学习和品德才是我们需要关注的因素。,学习和品德,外表,正文理由1句式,学习
19、和品德,外表,It is 学习和品德 that 更重要，而不是外表,It is the study and virtue that is more of importance but not appearance,正文自身理由句式,He read three books in the library yesterday.,It was he who (that) read three books in the library yesterday,It was three books that he read in the library yesterday,It was in the libr
20、ary that he read three books yesterday,保持主格，主谓一致,He read three books in the library yesterday.,He read three books in the library yesterday.,He read three books in the library yesterday.,正文理由2key words,同时，父母挣钱不容易，我们应该把钱花在刀刃上把用在 (刀刃上：该用的地方),正文理由2key words,lay out to advantage 我们应该把钱用在刀刃上 We should la
21、y out money to advantage把时间、精力、感情花在有用的地方 Lay out time / energy / emotion /to advantage,正文理由2key words,我们不要在外表上浪费太多的精力 We are not supported to lay out too much energy to the appearance.有的家长把更多时间放在工作上，而忽略了孩子的学习。 Some of parents will lay out more time to their work, neglecting the study of their child.
22、,正文理由2并列关系表达,Meanwhile, at the same time,理由一，并列过渡，理由二,In the meantime,正文理由2并列关系表达,除了自己的因素外，我们还要考虑父母的感受句中并列关系 as well as / as well , not onlybut also,We should think of the facts of ourselves as well as parents.Besides the perspective of ourselves, we should take our parents feeling as well.We should
23、 not only consider the facts of ourselves but also take regard to our parents.,正文理由2句式,，家长赚钱不容易,正文理由2句式,It is 形容词 for sb to do sth / that,It is 不容易 for 家长 to 赚钱,It is tough for parents to make money.,家长赚钱不容易,正文理由2句式,我们应该懂得父母赚钱的艰辛It is 必要的 for us to 懂得父母赚钱的艰辛It is necessary for us to understand how t
24、ough our parents make money.,正文理由2句式,你应该把钱用在刀刃上It is 重要的 for you to 把钱用在刀刃上.It is significant for you to lay out money on advantage,结尾,结尾总结：概括以上几点理由。,理由1：相比外表而言，学习和品德才是最重要的。 It is study and virtue that is essential, not our look.,理由2：父母赚钱不容易，我们应该把钱用在刀刃上。 It is tough for parents to make money so that
25、 we should lay out money to advantage.,结尾概括： We can draw the conclusion that study and virtue is of much more significant for us compared with appearance, Besides, we should take our parents into consideration since it is tough to make money.,总结（summarize ）,概述总结,客观理由型文章？,如何想出客观理由来？,4个方面（正反、角色、属性、身外）
26、，即可再扩展,阐述理由从客观角度出发,词汇总结,买不起，不可获得不乐，郁闷不顾，忽略追求，争取重要的品质, 特点把用在,cant afford; unavailable,upset; in a mood,neglect VS ignore；regardless of,significant; essential,Virtue; quality; character;,Lay out to ,pursue； run after,逻辑联系词总结,because of; due to; since; for,lead to, contribute to, result in,因果关系,A,B,并列关系,In the meantime,not onlybut also,as well as / as well,句型总结,引出将要讨论的话题引出主观句强调句型It is 形容词 for sb to do / that,It comes to me that I am of the opinion thatIt is that,Class is over,Thanks for joining,
