1、 Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) Analysis Guide Surveillance and Population-Based Prevention Prevention of Noncommunicable Diseases Department World Health Organization 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland For further information: www.who.int/chp/steps GPAQ Analysis Guide 1Glob
2、al Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) Analysis Guide Table of contents 1 Overview 2 2 The questionnaire . 4 3 GPAQ Question by Question Guide 6 4 Cleaning GPAQ data 9 5 Cleaning GPAQ data with EpiInfo 11 6 Analysis Guidelines and Calculations . 14 GPAQ Analysis Guide 21 Overview Introduction The
3、 Global Physical Activity Questionnaire was developed by WHO for physical activity surveillance in countries. It collects information on physical activity participation in three settings (or domains) as well as sedentary behaviour, comprising 16 questions (P1-P16). The domains are: Activity at work
4、Travel to and from places Recreational activities Using GPAQ Prior to using GPAQ, you should review the question by question section. This section, which follows the actual questions, will guide the interviewer in asking the questions and recording responses. When using GPAQ, all the questions must
5、be asked. Skips of questions do ONLY apply to the corresponding day and time variables if P1, P4, P7, P10, or P13 have been answered negatively. Skipping any other questions or removing any of the domains will restrict the results that you will be able to calculate. Administration of the GPAQ The GP
6、AQ has been developed for face-to-face interviews conducted by trained interviewers. It had been tested in large scale population-based surveys with the general adult population. Show cards It is advised that show cards be used when the GPAQ is administered. Show cards should be developed for each o
7、f the activity types covered by the GPAQ: vigorous and moderate activity at work, transport activity, vigorous and moderate activity during leisure time, as well as sitting. Show cards will help the respondents to know what activities are meant by each question. They should be showing typical physic
8、al activities for the setting that the GPAQ is used in. Examples of generic show cards that will need to be adapted to the local context can be found on the GPAQ website: http:/www.who.int/chp/steps/GPAQ/en/index.html GPAQ version 1 and 2 This document provides information on version 2 of GPAQ. It i
9、s advised that you use version 2 of GPAQ. If you have already used GPAQ version 1 and need advise on analysing this information, please contact the STEPS team at stepswho.int. Calculating and cleaning physical activity data This document includes information on how to clean and analyse GPAQ data in
10、general as well as specifically with the statistical package EpiInfo. The coding column of GPAQ is used as a reference for all the calculations. If you insert this questionnaire into another questionnaire, you should not change the coding column. Continued on next page GPAQ Analysis Guide 31 Overvie
11、w, Continued Metabolic Equivalent (MET) METs (Metabolic Equivalents) are commonly used to express the intensity of physical activities, and are also used for the analysis of GPAQ data. MET is the ratio of a persons working metabolic rate relative to the resting metabolic rate. One MET is defined as
12、the energy cost of sitting quietly, and is equivalent to a caloric consumption of 1 kcal/kg/hour. For the analysis of GPAQ data, existing guidelines have been adopted: It is estimated that, compared to sitting quietly, a persons caloric consumption is four times as high when being moderately active,
13、 and eight times as high when being vigorously active. Therefore, when calculating a persons overall energy expenditure using GPAQ data, 4 METs get assigned to the time spent in moderate activities, and 8 METs to the time spent in vigorous activities. GPAQ Analysis Guide 42 The questionnaire Physica
14、l Activity Next I am going to ask you about the time you spend doing different types of physical activity in a typical week. Please answer these questions even if you do not consider yourself to be a physically active person. Think first about the time you spend doing work. Think of work as the thin
15、gs that you have to do such as paid or unpaid work, study/training, household chores, harvesting food/crops, fishing or hunting for food, seeking employment. Insert other examples if needed. In answering the following questions vigorous-intensity activities are activities that require hard physical
16、effort and cause large increases in breathing or heart rate, moderate-intensity activities are activities that require moderate physical effort and cause small increases in breathing or heart rate. Question Response Code Work Does your work involve vigorous-intensity activity that causes large incre
17、ases in breathing or heart rate like carrying or lifting heavy loads, digging or construction work for at least 10 minutes continuously? INSERT EXAMPLES (USE SHOWCARD) Yes 1 P1 No 2 If No, go to P 4 In a typical week, on how many days do you do vigorous-intensity activities as part of your work? Num
18、ber of days P2 How much time do you spend doing vigorous-intensity activities at work on a typical day? Hours : minutes : hrs mins P3 (a-b) Does your work involve moderate-intensity activity, that causes small increases in breathing or heart rate such as brisk walking or carrying light loads for at
19、least 10 minutes continuously? INSERT EXAMPLES (USE SHOWCARD) Yes 1 P4 No 2 If No, go to P 7 In a typical week, on how many days do you do moderate-intensity activities as part of your work? Number of days P5 How much time do you spend doing moderate-intensity activities at work on a typical day? Ho
20、urs : minutes : hrs mins P6 (a-b) Travel to and from places The next questions exclude the physical activities at work that you have already mentioned. Now I would like to ask you about the usual way you travel to and from places. For example to work, for shopping, to market, to place of worship. In
21、sert other examples if needed Do you walk or use a bicycle (pedal cycle) for at least 10 minutes continuously to get to and from places? Yes 1 P7 No 2 If No, go to P 10 In a typical week, on how many days do you walk or bicycle for at least 10 minutes continuously to get to and from places? Number o
22、f days P8 How much time do you spend walking or bicycling for travel on a typical day? Hours : minutes : hrs mins P9 (a-b) Continued on next page GPAQ Analysis Guide 52 The questionnaire, Continued Physical Activity, Continued Question Response Code Recreational activities The next questions exclude
23、 the work and transport activities that you have already mentioned. Now I would like to ask you about sports, fitness and recreational activities (leisure), Insert relevant terms. Do you do any vigorous-intensity sports, fitness or recreational (leisure) activities that cause large increases in brea
24、thing or heart rate like running or football for at least 10 minutes continuously? INSERT EXAMPLES (USE SHOWCARD) Yes 1 P10 No 2 If No, go to P 13 In a typical week, on how many days do you do vigorous-intensity sports, fitness or recreational (leisure) activities? Number of days P11 How much time d
25、o you spend doing vigorous-intensity sports, fitness or recreational activities on a typical day? Hours : minutes : hrs mins P12 (a-b) Do you do any moderate-intensity sports, fitness or recreational (leisure) activities that cause a small increase in breathing or heart rate such as brisk walking, c
26、ycling, swimming, volleyball for at least 10 minutes continuously? INSERT EXAMPLES (USE SHOWCARD) Yes 1 P13 No 2 If No, go to P16 In a typical week, on how many days do you do moderate-intensity sports, fitness or recreational (leisure) activities? Number of days P14 How much time do you spend doing
27、 moderate-intensity sports, fitness or recreational (leisure) activities on a typical day? Hours : minutes : hrs mins P15 (a-b) Sedentary behaviour The following question is about sitting or reclining at work, at home, getting to and from places, or with friends including time spent sitting at a des
28、k, sitting with friends, traveling in car, bus, train, reading, playing cards or watching television, but do not include time spent sleeping. INSERT EXAMPLES (USE SHOWCARD) How much time do you usually spend sitting or reclining on a typical day? Hours : minutes : hrs mins P16 (a-b) GPAQ Analysis Gu
29、ide 63 GPAQ Question by Question Guide Physical Activity Next I am going to ask you about the time you spend doing different types of physical activity in a typical week. Please answer these questions even if you do not consider yourself to be a physically active person. Think first about the time y
30、ou spend doing work. Think of work as the things that you have to do such as paid or unpaid work, study/training, household chores, harvesting food/crops, fishing or hunting for food, seeking employment. Insert other examples if needed. In answering the following questions vigorous-intensity activit
31、ies are activities that require hard physical effort and cause large increases in breathing or heart rate, moderate-intensity activities are activities that require moderate physical effort and cause small increases in breathing or heart rate. Read this opening statement out loud. It should not be o
32、mitted. The respondent will have to think first about the time he/she spends doing work (paid or unpaid work, household chores, harvesting food, fishing or hunting for food, seeking employment Insert other examples if needed), then about the time he/she travels from place to place, and finally about
33、 the time spent in vigorous as well as moderate physical activity during leisure time. Remind the respondent when he/she answers the following questions that vigorous-intensity activities are activities that require hard physical effort and cause large increases in breathing or heart rate, moderate-
34、intensity activities are activities that require moderate physical effort and cause small increases in breathing or heart rate. Dont forget to use the showcard which will help the respondent when answering to the questions. Question Response Code Work Does your work involve vigorous-intensity activi
35、ty that causes large increases in breathing or heart rate like carrying or lifting heavy loads, digging or construction work for at least 10 minutes continuously? INSERT EXAMPLES (USE SHOWCARD) Ask the participant to think about vigorous-intensity activities at work only. Activities are regarded as
36、vigorous intensity if they cause large increases in breathing and/or heart rate. Yes 1 P1 No 2 If No, go to P 4 In a typical week, on how many days do you do vigorous-intensity activities as part of your work? “Typical week” means a week when the participant is engaged in his/her usual activities. V
37、alid responses range from 1-7. Number of days P2 How much time do you spend doing vigorous-intensity activities at work on a typical day? Ask the participant to think of a typical day he/she can recall easily in which he/she engaged in vigorous-intensity activities at work. The participant should on
38、ly consider those activities undertaken continuously for 10 minutes or more. Probe very high responses (over 4 hrs) to verify. Hours : minutes : hrs mins P3 (a-b) Does your work involve moderate-intensity activity, that causes small increases in breathing or heart rate such as brisk walking or carry
39、ing light loads for at least 10 minutes continuously? INSERT EXAMPLES (USE SHOWCARD) Ask the participant to think about moderate-intensity activities at work only. Activities are regarded as moderate intensity if they cause small increases in breathing and/or heart rate. Yes 1 P4 No 2 If No, go to P
40、 7 In a typical week, on how many days do you do moderate-intensity activities as part of your work? “Typical week” means a week when the participant is engaged in his/her usual activities. Valid responses range from 1-7. Number of days P5 How much time do you spend doing moderate-intensity activiti
41、es at work on a typical day? Ask the participant to think of a typical day he/she can recall easily in which he/she engaged in moderate-intensity activities at work. The participant should only consider those activities undertaken continuously for 10 minutes or more. Probe very high responses (over
42、4 hrs) to verify. Hours : minutes : hrs mins P6 (a-b) Continued on next page GPAQ Analysis Guide 73 GPAQ Question by Question Guide, Continued Physical Activity, Continued Question Response Code Travel to and from places The next questions exclude the physical activities at work that you have alread
43、y mentioned. Now I would like to ask you about the usual way you travel to and from places. For example to work, for shopping, to market, to place of worship. Insert other examples if needed The introductory statement to the following questions on transport-related physical activity is very importan
44、t. It asks and helps the participant to now think about how they travel around getting from place-to-place. This statement should not be omitted. Do you walk or use a bicycle (pedal cycle) for at least 10 minutes continuously to get to and from places? Select the appropriate response. Yes 1 P7 No 2
45、If No, go to P 10 How much time do you spend walking or bicycling for travel on a typical day? Ask the participant to think of a typical day he/she can recall easily in which he/she engaged in transport-related activities. The participant should only consider those activities undertaken continuously
46、 for 10 minutes or more. Probe very high responses (over 4 hrs) to verify. Hours : minutes : hrs mins P9 (a-b) Recreational activities The next questions exclude the work and transport activities that you have already mentioned. Now I would like to ask you about sports, fitness and recreational acti
47、vities (leisure) Insert relevant terms. This introductory statement directs the participant to think about recreational activities. This can also be called discretionary or leisure time. It includes sports and exercise but is not limited to participation in competitions. Activities reported should b
48、e done regularly and not just occasionally. It is important to focus on only recreational activities and not to include any activities already mentioned. This statement should not be omitted. Do you do any vigorous-intensity sports, fitness or recreational (leisure) activities that cause large incre
49、ases in breathing or heart rate like running or football for at least 10 minutes continuously? INSERT EXAMPLES (USE SHOWCARD) Ask the participant to think about recreational vigorous-intensity activities only. Activities are regarded as vigorous intensity if they cause large increases in breathing and/or hea
