1、专题四 介词和介词短语,中考英语 (河南专用),1.(2018河南,25)I stopped the night in a small village while I was on holiday in the Hi- malayas a few years ago. A.at B.for C.until D.through,A组 2014-2018年河南中考题组,五年中考,答案 B 句意:几年前当我在喜马拉雅山脉度假的时候,我在一个小村庄停下来过夜。本题 考查介词。A.在;B.为了;C.直到;D.穿过。stop意为“逗留;停留”,for the night表示“过夜”。 故选B项。,2.(2
2、017河南,27)Father brought his little boy to a concert. But he was too young to sit the whole concert. A.for B.with C.during D.through,答案 D 句意:父亲带着他的小儿子去音乐会,但是他太小了,不能坐着直到整场音乐会结 束。本题考查介词的用法。贯穿整场音乐会用介词through。,3.(2016河南,26,)Its so cold outside. Remember to close the door you when you leave. A.beside B.be
3、fore C.with D.behind,答案 D 句意:外面太冷了。你离开的时候,记得关上你身后的门。本题考查介词辨析。be- side 在旁边;before在之前;with和,带有;behind在后面。根据句意可知选D项。,知识拓展 close/shut the door behind you关上你身后的门/随手关门。,4.(2015河南,28,)Wild animals are our friends.We shouldnt kill them food or clothing. A.in B.with C.about D.for,答案 D 句意:野生动物是我们的朋友。我们不应该为了食物
4、或衣服而猎杀它们。本题考 查介词的用法。for在此处意为“为了”。,5.(2014河南,23)A conversation a wise person is worth ten years study of books. A.for B.like C.with D.to,答案 C 句意:与君一席话,胜读十年书。本题考查介词辨析。a conversation with sb.“与某 人谈话”。,考点一 介词,B组 2014-2018年全国中考题组,1.(2018北京,2)Happy birthday, Peter! Heres a gift you. A.for B.in C.with D.fr
5、om,答案 A 句意:生日快乐,Peter!这是给你的礼物。此题考查介词的用法。根据句意可知此处 应该选择for,for表示送礼物的对象。,知识拓展 for可以作介词和连词,作介词时的用法很丰富:(1)因为,由于:for this reason (2)表 示时间、距离:for three days (3)表示目的:What do you come here for? (4)表示开往、前往: We set off for London.,2.(2018上海,29)Karen and Lily will go to Russia to watch the 2018 World Cup July.
6、A.on B.in C.at D.of,答案 B 句意:Karen和Lily将在七月去俄罗斯看2018年世界杯。本题考查介词。on用在具 体某一天前;in用在年份或月份前;at在(某时间或时刻);of的。空后为July(七月),应用in,故 选B。,3.(2018福建,21)I will give a T-shirt my brother as a birthday present. A.by B.to C.from,答案 B 句意:我会送一件T恤给我弟弟当作生日礼物。本题考查介词的用法。give sth. to sb.把某物给某人。故选B。,词汇拓展 常见的含有to的动词短语有:pass s
7、th. to sb.把某物递给某人;bring sth. to sb.把某物 带来给某人;take sth. to sb.把某物带给某人。,4.(2018重庆,22)I always play basketball to relax myself Saturdays. A.on B.in C.at D.by,答案 A 句意: 在周六,我总是打篮球来放松自己。本题考查介词的用法。表示在具体某一 天前用on,如:on June 1st, 2018。故选A。,知识拓展 “in+一段时间”可用于将来时态。,5.(2018广东,33)How soon will we get the offer from
8、 a new high school? about two months. A.In B.For C.Among D.During,答案 A 句意:过多久我们才会收到新高中的录取通知书?大概两个月后吧。本题 考查介词的用法。how soon对从现在开始到将来某动作结束或发生的这段时间提问,常用在 将来时态中,回答用in+一段时间,故答案为A项。,思路分析 一般情况下,在实际交际中答话人会省略在对方问题中已知或相同的内容,因此解 答此类题目可把答语部分省略掉的内容先补充完整(即We will get the offer from a new high school about two month
9、s.)再进行选择。,6.(2018云南,22)Mothers Day comes the second Sunday of May. A.in B.on C.at D.for,答案 B 句意:母亲节在五月份的第二个星期日来临。本题考查介词。in 在里;当事物 被视作一点,不强调其空间,常用介词at;for常与一段时间连用;指在具体的某一天,前面的介词 用on。故选B项。,7.(2018江苏南京,2)Neil Armstrong was the first man to walk on the moon 20 July 1969. A.in B.on C.at D.for,答案 B 句意:196
10、9年7月20日,尼尔阿姆斯特朗成了第一个在月球上行走的人。本题考查 介词。具体某一天前用介词on,故选B项。,8.(2018吉林,28)Do you agree my plan? Yes, it is wonderful. A.in B.with C.of,答案 B 句意:你同意我的计划吗?同意,计划很棒。本题考查介词。agree with sth. 同意某事。,9.(2018山东青岛,5)More and more people in Qingdao go to work subway now. A.with B.on C.in D.by,答案 D 句意:现在在青岛越来越多的人乘地铁去上班。
11、本题考查介词。“by+交通工具” 意为“乘交通工具”。,知识拓展 by subway乘地铁;by bus乘公交车;by car乘汽车;by plane乘飞机;by train乘火车。,10.(2018江苏苏州,1)Scared by the loud noise, the rabbits ran off all directions. A.on B.at C.in D.by,答案 C 句意:被那声巨响惊吓到,兔子们四处逃窜。本题考查介词的用法。in all directions 向四面八方,为固定搭配。故选C项。,11.(2018新疆乌鲁木齐,22)Most of the villagers
12、took part in the Dragon Boat races 9:00 a. m. the morning of June 18. A.at;in B.at;on C.on;in D.on;on,答案 B 句意:多数村民在6月18日早上九点参加了龙舟比赛。本题考查介词用法。具体时 刻前用介词at,在具体某天的早上,用on,故选B。,12.(2018安徽,36)Our class are much sure to win the basketball game Class Three. A.of B.in C.against D.from,答案 C 句意:我们班非常确定可以赢得与三班之间
13、的篮球赛。本题考查介词的词义辨 析。of的;in在里面;against和比赛;from从。,知识拓展 against还可表示“反对,靠”。be against 反对;against the wall靠墙。,13.(2018内蒙古包头,22)Are you watching the football matches of the World Cup these days? Sometimes, and Ill watch the match Japan and Poland tonight. A.against B.about C.through D.between,答案 D 句意:这些天你正在
14、看世界杯的足球比赛吗?有时看,我今天晚上要看日本 和波兰之间的比赛。 between 在之间,符合句意。against 与比赛,一般用于比赛双方 之间;about关于;through通过。,易错警示 本题容易错选A。如果只看到日本和波兰而没有考虑语境,可能误选A项。,14.(2017北京,22)More and more young people go skating winter. A.at B.in C.on D.to,答案 B 句意:越来越多的年轻人在冬天去滑雪。本题考查介词的用法。at 后接具体钟点; in常与年、季节、月份连用;on后接具体日子以及具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上;to常
15、表示 差多长时间。本题设空处后为winter,故选B。,15.(2017重庆,29) May 5th, 2017, the C919 took off successfully for the first time at Shang- hai Pudong International Airport. A.On B.In C.At D.Of,答案 A 句意:2017年5月5日C919在上海浦东国际机场第一次成功起飞。本题考查介词的 用法。具体某一天前面用介词on,故选A项。,16.(2017河北,27)Just walk down this road and youll see the mus
16、eum your right. A.on B.in C.at D.by,答案 A 句意:沿着这条路一直走,你会看到博物馆在你的右边。本题考查介词的用法。on your right意为“在你的右边”,故本题选择A。,17.(2017上海,29)Shirley is still waiting for her flight to New York City the airport. A.at B.under C.on D.with,答案 A 句意:雪莉仍然在飞机场等待她的飞往纽约市的航班。本题考查介词的用法。at the airport意为“在飞机场”,故本题选择A。,18.(2017安徽,38)
17、To my pleasure, my family is always me whatever I decide to do.A.above B.behind C.from D.through,答案 B 句意:使我高兴的是,无论我决定做什么,我的家人总是支持我。本题考查介词的用 法。be behind sb.支持某人。above在上;from从;through通过。故选B项。,19.(2016北京,22)Pauls mother is a nurse. She works a hospital. A.with B.on C.of D.in,答案 D 句意:保罗的妈妈是个护士。她在医院工作。本题
18、考查介词的用法。在医院里,应 该用in,故选D。,20.(2016天津,23,)You can buy almost everything the Internet, and its very easy. A.into B.for C.at D.on,答案 D 本题考查介词的用法。通过电视、收音机、网络等方式用on。故选D项。,21.(2016重庆,22)Our reading club shares ideas with each other one hour every Tuesday. A.to B.on C.at D.for,答案 D 句意:我们的阅读俱乐部每周二花一个小时分享彼此的想
19、法。本题考查介词辨 析。表示一段时间用介词for。故选D。,22.(2016宁夏,33)Have you got the answer the question? Not yet. A.on B.with C.about D.to,答案 D 句意:你得到这个问题的答案了吗?还没有。本题考查介词。the answer to the question问题的答案,固定搭配。故选D。,23.(2016陕西,24,)Its a good idea to send the old books the children who need them. A.at B.of C.to D.by,答案 C 句意:把
20、这些旧书寄给需要它们的孩子们是个好主意。send sth. to sb.寄某物给某 人。故答案为C项。,24.(2016湖北襄阳,26)Who is Dave looking ? His mother. Shes been in hospital for a few days. A.for B.after C.at D.up,答案 B 句意:Dave正在照顾谁?他的母亲。她住院已经有一些日子了。look after sb.照顾某人。,25.(2015北京,22)We usually have the first class 8:00 in the morning. A.of B.in C.on
21、 D.at,答案 D 句意:我们通常在早上八点上第一节课。本题考查介词。表示“在(某个时间点或 时刻)”用介词at,故选D项。,26.(2015江苏镇江,3,)Ma Yun,the Chairperson of Alibaba Group,has made much money the Internet. A.through B.along C.across D.towards,答案 A 句意:阿里巴巴集团总裁马云通过网络已经挣了许多钱。考查介词。through通过, 常指通过某种途径、手段;along沿着;across穿过;towards朝,向。根据句意可知选A。,27.(2015上海,28
22、,)I love this picture you beside the music fountain. A.in B.of C.on D.at,答案 B 句意:我喜欢你在音乐喷泉旁边的这张照片。本题考查介词的用法。of表示“反映 (某人或某事),关于”,故答案为B项。,28.(2015陕西,22,)Before you go to Canada,you need to learn more it. A.from B.in C.by D.about,答案 D 句意:你去加拿大之前,需要多了解它。本题考查介词短语。根据句意可知答案为 D项。learn about了解。,29.(2014天津,33
23、)Cambridge is a small city the east of England. A.between B.with C.in D.under,答案 C 句意:剑桥是英国东部的一座小城市。本题考查介词。between 在之间;with 有;in在(某范围或空间内的)某一点;under在下面。 剑桥在英国,故选C项。,30.(2014重庆,29)Mr.Greens office is the 26th floor.You can take the lift there. A.at B.in C.on D.for,答案 C 句意:格林先生的办公室在第26层。你可以乘电梯去那儿。本题考查
24、介词的用 法。在多少层要用介词on。,1.(2018福建,27)Blue whales are . We should try to protect them. A.in time B.in public C.in danger,考点二 介词短语,答案 C 句意:蓝鲸处于危险中。我们应当努力保护它们。本题考查介词短语辨析。in time “及时”,in public“在公共场合”,in danger“处于危险之中”。从句意中可知,应选C。,2.(2018山西,27)In China, we are using the FAST to find stars . Now more and more
25、 people want to know about the largest radio telescope(望远镜) in the world. A.in person B.in public C.in space,答案 C 句意:在中国,我们使用 500米口径球面射电望远镜来寻找太空中的星星。现在越 来越多的人想要了解世界上最大的射电望远镜。本题考查介词短语。A选项意为“亲自;亲 身”;B选项意为“公开地”;C选项意为“在太空”。由“find stars”和句意可知本题选择C。,知识拓展 含有介词in的常见短语: in advance提前;in all总共;in danger有危险;in
26、general通常,大体上;in order依次; in return作为报 答;in short总之;in trouble有麻烦;in time及时。,3.(2018山西,28)Except for working hard, we should give more attention to proper exercise and e- nough sleep. , health always comes first. A.For example B.After all C.So far,答案 B 句意:除了努力工作外,我们应该对适当的运动和足够的睡眠给予更多的关注。毕 竟健康总是首要的。本
27、题考查介词短语。A选项意为“例如”;B选项意为“毕竟;终归”;C 选项意为“到目前为止”。由句意可知本题选择B。,4.(2017山西,26)When youre invited to have dinner at home by an American friend, you should be or a little later. Its different from our Chinese custom. A.on time B.on business C.on show,答案 A 句意:当你被一位美国朋友邀请在家里吃饭的时候,你应该按时到或者稍晚一些 到。它不同于我们中国的习俗。本题考查
28、介词短语的用法。根据语境可知,应邀要守时,故选 A项。on business出差;on show展览。,5.(2017贵州贵阳,36)Grace often gets nervous before she gives a speech . A.in public B.in total C.in common,答案 A 句意:格雷斯经常在他发表公开讲话前变得紧张。本题考查介词短语辨析。in pub- lic 公开地,符合句意,故选A项。in total 总共;in common共有。,6.(2016山西,22)Pandas are much-loved around the world. Unl
29、uckily, there arent many pandas left and theyre now. So we must save them. A.in order B.in danger C.in need,答案 B 句意:熊猫在全世界深受喜爱。不幸的是,没有剩下多少只熊猫而且它们现在濒临 灭绝。因此我们必须拯救它们。本题考查介词短语。in order 妥当,准备好;in danger处于危险 之中;in need在危难中。根据句意可知答案为B项。,7.(2016山西,24,)How was your life in England? Quite different from here
30、. , people there drink tea with milk. A.In my opinion B.To my surprise C.At the beginning,答案 B 句意:你在英格兰的生活怎么样?和这儿相当不同。令我吃惊的是,那儿的 人们喝茶时加奶。本题考查介词短语。in my opinion依我看;to my surprise令我吃惊的是;at the beginning起初。根据句意可知答案为B项。,8.(2015广东,32)Could you please give me a hand?I cant complete the task on time your h
31、elp. A.without B.under C.with D.for,答案 A 句意:请你帮助我一下可以吗?没有你的帮助我不能按时完成任务。根据句意可知 答案为A项。without ones help没有某人的帮助。,考点一 介词,C组 教师专用题组,1.(2018上海,33)Frank is an independent boy. His parents are proud him. A.on B.to C.in D.of,答案 D 句意:Frank是一个独立的男孩。他的父母因他而感到骄傲。本题考查介词。be proud of为而感到骄傲。,2.(2018山东潍坊,22)Students
32、here often do physics experiments small groups. A.by B.in C.for D.at,答案 B 句意:这里的学生经常以小组的形式做物理实验。本题考查介词。in small groups 为固定搭配,意为“以小组的形式”。介词in可以表示“用,以(材料、手段、方法等)”,故选B。,3.(2018浙江温州,7)Ive ordered some flowers for grandma and they will arrive two hours. A.in B.after C.over D.for,答案 A 句意:我已经给奶奶订了一些鲜花了,花在两
33、小时后会到。本题考查介词辨析。in 在里;after在后;over在上面;for为,给。,解题关键 设空处所在的分句的时态是一般将来时,“两小时后”在一般将来时态中为in two hours。因此选择A项。,4.(2017福建,22)China successfully hosted the Belt and Road Forum May, 2017. A.on B.in C.by,答案 B 句意:在2017年5月,中国成功地主办了“一带一路”论坛。本题考查介词的用法。 在月份前面用介词in。故本题选择B。,5.(2017湖北黄冈,29)I havent finished the book r
34、eport of Journey to the West. Its so difficult. You should hurry up. The report is due three days. A.in B.for C.on D.at,答案 A 句意:我还没有完成西游记的读书报告。它太难了。你应该快点。 这个报告三天后必须交。本题考查介词的用法。根据句意可知这份读书报告三天后就必须 上交,in three days意为“三天后”,故本题选择A。,6.(2017贵州贵阳,33)“Do you know when the Belt and Road International Day is?”
35、 “Yes, it is December 16th.” A.at B.on C.in,答案 B 句意:“你知道一带一路国际日是什么时候吗?”“是的,在12月16日。”本题 考查介词的用法。表示“在具体的某一天”时,用介词on,故选B项。,7.(2017辽宁沈阳,3) 2000, this company has seen much new development. It has become one of the biggest companies in the country. A.For B.In C.By D.Since,答案 D 句意:自2000年以来,这家公司有了许多新的发展。它现
36、在已成为这个国家最大的 公司之一。本题考查介词的用法。for+时间段,多用于现在完成时;in+时间段,用于一般过去 时或一般将来时;by+时间点,用于过去完成时;since+时间点,用于现在完成时。根据句意和题 干时态可知,本题答案为D。,8.(2017四川成都,33)I cant see Lucy because she is the tree. A.in front of B.behind C.next to,答案 B 句意:我看不到露西因为她躲在了树后。本题主要考查介词的用法。in front of意 为“在前面”;behind意为“在后面”;next to意为“紧挨着”。根据句意可知本
37、题 选择B。,9.(2016河北,28)Class, lets see who can spell the most words these letters. A.at B.into C.on D.with,答案 D 句意:同学们,咱们看看谁能用这些字母拼出最多的单词。本题考查介词辨析。at 在(某处),以(某种价格、速度等);into到里面;on在上;with用。根据句意可知答案为D 项。,10.(2016江苏无锡,7)Although he was my opinion, the old professor didnt come up with his own. A.against B.o
38、n C.for D.in,答案 A 句意:虽然这位老教授不同意我的观点,但是他没有提出自己的观点。考查介词词 义辨析。against 反对,符合句意,故选A项。on 在上,for为了,in在里,不符合句意。,11.(2016山东青岛,6)Tim is going to give his father a surprise Fathers Day. A.in B.at C.on D.by,答案 C 句意:Tim打算在父亲节那天给他爸爸一个惊喜。本题考查介词。在具体某一天前 用介词on,故答案为C项。,12.(2016内蒙古呼和浩特,9)Im looking after Tom today. He
39、s been in my house 8:00 this morning. A.at B.since C.for D.till,答案 B 句意:我今天照顾Tom,他从早上8:00就一直在我家。本题考查介词用法。at表示 “在点钟”;since表示“自从”,多用于现在完成时;for通常接时间段;till表示“直到 时候”,根据句意和时态判断用since。,13.(2016四川南充,25)Fish cant live water. A.with B.in C.without D.of,答案 C 句意:如果没有水,鱼就无法存活。本题考查介词的用法。根据句意可知选择C 项。,14.(2016辽宁沈阳,
40、10)The group had to wait after 12 to check in at the hotel. A.from B.until C.for D.at,答案 B 句意:这组人不得不等到12点以后才登记入住宾馆。本题考查介词的用法。from 从开始;until直到为止;for为了;at在。根据“等到”可知使用until最合适。,15.(2016黑龙江哈尔滨,2)Dont stay inside such a sunny morning. Lets go out to enjoy the gentle wind and the sweet flowers. A.on B.in
41、C.from,答案 A 句意:在这样一个晴朗的早晨,不要待在屋里。咱们出去享受一下和风、欣赏一下 芬芳的花吧。本题考查介词的用法。on后加星期、日期以及特指的某一天的上午、下午或 晚上;in后加年、季节、月份;from表示来自。根据语境中such a sunny morning可知是在一个 晴朗的早晨,故答案为A项。,16.(2016江苏南京,3)Yingqi Bird Nest Library, the smallest library in the world, was opened to the public in Nanjings Huashu Village the World Re
42、ading Day this year. A.on B.in C.at D.as,答案 A 句意:嘤栖鸟巢图书馆,世界上最小的图书馆,在今年的世界读书日在南京桦墅村向 公众开放。本题考查介词的用法。表示“在具体的某一天”用on。故选A项。,17.(2015江苏连云港,13)It is great us to get so many favourite books on International Chil- drens Book Day. A.to B.with C.of D.for,答案 D 句意:对我们来说,在国际儿童图书日得到如此多喜爱的书真是太好了。本题考查 介词的用法。Its+形容词
43、+for sb.to do sth.对于某人来说做某事。,18.(2015江苏连云港,2)When is your birthday? I was born December 17.This year Ill hold a birthday party for it at home. A.on B.at C.in D.by,答案 A 句意: 你的生日是什么时候?我出生在12月17日。今年我将在家举办一个 生日聚会。本题考查介词的用法。具体某一天前用介词on,故选A项。,19.(2015安徽,33)The Dragon Boat Festival this year will come four
44、 days. A.after B.for C.during D.in,答案 D 句意:再过四天今年的端午节就要到了。本题考查介词辨析。in在之后,与一 般将来时连用,由题干中的will come可知答案为D项。,20.(2015浙江杭州,24)Ben was helping his mother when the rain began to beat heavily the windows. A.below B.across C.behind D.against,答案 D 句意:当雨开始猛烈地击打窗户时,本正在帮他妈妈。本题考查介词辨析。below在 下方;across横穿;behind在后面
45、;against碰,撞。根据语境可知是雨点击打窗户,故答案 为D。,21.(2015山西,23)The“teacher-free exam”means that students take their exams teachers. Students must be more honest. A.without B.against C.through,答案 A 句意:“无人监考考试”的意思是学生考试时没有老师监考。学生们必须更诚 实。本题考查介词。without意为“没有”;against意为“反对”;through意为“通过”。根据 句意可知选A。,22.(2015黑龙江哈尔滨,3)Our
46、class will have a party the evening of June 30th.Would you like to come? Yes,Id love to,but Im going to visit my grandparents in Dalian. A.in B.on C.at,答案 B 句意:在六月三十日晚上我们班有个聚会。你愿意来吗?是的,我愿意,但 是我要去看望在大连的祖父母。本题考查介词。在具体某一天的晚上用介词on,故B为正确 答案。,23.(2015山东聊城,28)Mo Yans books are very popular.You can find the
47、y are on sale many languages. A.in B.to C.with D.at,答案 A 句意:莫言的书非常受欢迎。你能够发现它们被译成多种语言在销售。本题考查 介词的用法。in many languages 用多种语言,故选A。,24.(2015山东临沂,16)For many Western people,they drink cold water even winter. A.on B.for C.at D.in,答案 D 句意:对于许多西方国家的人来说,他们甚至在冬天也喝冷水。本题考查介词的用 法。on用于具体日期前;for后常接一段时间;at用于时刻前;in用
48、在季节、月份等前面。因此此 处应选D项。,25.(2015福建福州,23)Do you remember what she looked like when you first met her? Of course.She was tall and thin long hair. A.in B.with C.on,答案 B 句意:你记得第一次见到她时她的样子吗?当然。她高高瘦瘦的,留着长 发。本题考查介词辨析。with“有,具有”符合题意,故答案为B项。,26.(2015宁夏,33)Do you know the exact date of his death? No,but I remember he died a cold Friday night. A.in B.by C.on D.at,答案 C 句意:你知道他去世的确切日期吗?不知道,但是我记得他是在一个寒冷的 周五的夜晚去世的。本题考查介词。在具体的某一天的上午、下午或晚上用介词on。故选C 项。,
