1、中国古代传统文化翻译-中国特色词汇英语翻译 1. 元宵节： Lantern Festival 2. 刺绣：embroidery 3. 重阳节：Double-Ninth Festival 4. 清明节：Tomb sweeping day 5. 剪纸：Paper Cutting 6. 书法：Calligraphy 7. 对联：(Spring Festival) Couplets 8. 象形文字：Pictograms/Pictographic Characters 9. 人才流动：Brain Drain/Brain Flow 10. 四合院：Siheyuan/Quadrangle 11. 战国：Wa
2、rring States 12. 风水：Fengshui/Geomantic Omen 13. 铁饭碗：Iron Bowl 14. 函授部：The Correspondence Department 15. 集体舞：Group Dance 16. 黄土高原：Loess Plateau 17. 红白喜事：Weddings and Funerals 18. 中秋节：Mid-Autumn Day 19. 结婚证：Marriage Certificate 20. 儒家文化：Confucian Culture 21. 附属学校：Affiliated school 22. 古装片：Costume Dram
3、a 23. 武打片：Chinese Swordplay Movie 24. 元宵：Tangyuan/Sweet Rice Dumpling 25. 一国两制：One Country, Two Systems 26. 火锅：Hot Pot 27. 四人帮：Gang of Four 28. 诗经：The Book of Songs 29. 素质教育：Essential-qualities-oriented Education 30. 史记：Historical Records/Records of the Grand Historian 31. 大跃进：Great Leap Forward (Mo
4、vement) 32. 西游记：The Journey to the West 33. 除夕：Chinese New Years Eve/Eve of the Spring Festival 34. 针灸：Acupuncture 35. 唐三彩：Tri-color Pottery of the Tang Dynasty/ The Tang Tri-colored pottery 36. 中国特色的社会主义：Chinese-charactered Socialist/Socialist with Chinese characteristics 37. 偏旁：radical 38. 孟子：Menc
5、ius 39. 亭/阁： Pavilion/ Attic 40. 大中型国有企业：Large and Medium-sized State-owned Enterprises 41. 火药：gunpowder 42. 农历：Lunar Calendar 43. 印/玺：Seal/Stamp 44. 物质精神文明建设：The Construction of Material Civilization and Spiritual Civilization 45. 京剧：Beijing Opera/Peking Opera 46. 秦腔：Crying of Qin People/Qin Opera
6、47. 太极拳：Tai Chi 48. 独生子女证：The Certificate of One-child 49. 天坛：Altar of Heaven in Beijing 50. 小吃摊：Snack Bar/Snack Stand 51. 红双喜：Double Happiness 52. 政治辅导员：Political Counselor/School Counselor 53. 春卷：Spring Roll(s) 54. 莲藕：Lotus Root 55. 追星族：Star Struck 56. 故宫博物院：The Palace Museum 57. 相声：Cross-talk/Com
7、ic Dialogue 58. 下岗：Lay off/Laid off 59. 北京烤鸭：Beijing Roast Duck 60. 高等自学考试：Self-taught Examination of Higher Education 61. 烟花爆竹：fireworks and firecracker 62. 敦煌莫高窟：Mogao Caves 63. 电视小品：TV Sketch/TV Skit 64. 香港澳门同胞：Compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao 65. 文化大革命：Cultural Revolution 66. 长江中下游地区：The Mid
8、-low Reaches of Yangtze River 67. 门当户对：Perfect Match/Exact Match 68. 水浒：Water Margin/Outlaws of the Marsh 69. 中外合资企业：Joint Ventures 70. 文房四宝（笔墨纸砚）：“The Four Treasure of the Study“ “Brush, Inkstick, Paper, and Inkstone“ 1、中国意念词（Chinesenesses）八卦 trigram 阴、阳 yin, yang 道 Dao（cf. logo） 江湖（世界） the jianghu
9、 World （the traits world） e.g. You cant control everything in a traits world. (人在江湖，身不由己) 道 Daoism（Taoism ） 上火 excessive internal heat 儒学 Confucianism 红学（红楼梦研究） redology 世外桃源 Shangri-la or Arcadia 开放 kaifang （Chinese openness to the outside world） 大锅饭 getting an equal share regardless of the work do
10、ne 伤痕文学 scar literature or the literature of the wounded 不搞一刀切 no imposing uniformity on 合乎国情，顺乎民意 to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people 乱摊派，乱收费 imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge 铁交椅 iron (lifetime) posts; guaranteed leading post 脱贫 to shake off poverty;
11、anti-poverty 治则兴，乱则衰 Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline 2 、中华民族的喜庆节日（Chinese Festivial）国庆节 National Day 中秋节 Mia-Autumn Festival 春节 Spring Festival 元宵节 Lantern Festival 儿童节 Childrens Day 端午节 Dragon Boat Festival 妇女节 Womens Day 泼水节 Water-Splashing Day 五四青年节 Youth Day 3、中国独特的传统饮食（Unique Tra
12、ditional Chinese Foods）馄饨 wonton 花卷 steamed twisted rolls 套餐 set meal 盒饭 box lunch; Chinese take-away 米豆腐 rice tofu魔芋豆腐 konjak tofu米粉 rice noodles冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.)粉丝 glass noodles豆腐脑 jellied bean curd4 、中国新兴事物（Newly Sprouted Things）中国电信 China Telecom中国移动 China Mobile
13、十五计划 the 10th Five-Year Plan中国电脑联网 Chinanet三峡工程 the Three Gorges Project希望工程 Project Hope京九铁路 Beijing CKowloon Railway扶贫工程 Anti-Poverty Project菜篮子工程 Vegetable Basket Project温饱工程 Decent-Life Project安居工程 Economy Housing Project扫黄 Porn-Purging Campaign西部大开发 Go-West Campaign5 、特有的一些汉语词汇禅宗 Zen Buddhism禅
14、dhyana; dhgaya混沌 chaos道 Daosim, the way and its power四谛 Four Noble Truth八正道 Eightfold Path无常 anity五行说 Theory of Five Elements无我 anatman坐禅 metta or transcendental meditation空 sunyata虚无 nothingness双喜 double happiness(中)，a doubled stroke of luck(英)小品 witty skits相声 cross-talk噱头；掉包袱 gimmick, stunt夜猫子 nig
15、ht people; night-owls本命年 this animal year of sb.处世之道 philosophy of life姻缘 yinyuan（prefixed fate of marriage）还愿 redeem a wish (vows)6 、具有文化特色的现代表述大陆中国 Mainland China红色中国 socialist China四化 Four Modernizations终生职业 job-for-life铁饭碗 iron rice bowl大锅饭 communal pot关系户 closely-related units外出打工人员 migrant wor
16、kers关系网 personal nets, closely-knitted guild五讲(讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、讲秩序、讲道德) ：the Five Merits focus on decorum, manners, hygiene, disciplines and morals四美（心灵美、语言美、行为美、环境美）： the Four Virtues are golden heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and green environment7 、中国古代独特事物（Unique Ancient Chinese Items）宣
17、纸 rice paper衙门 yamen叩头 kowtow孔子 Confucius武术 wushu（Chinese Martial Arts）功夫 kungfu ；kung fu中庸 the way of medium （cf. Golden Means）中和 harmony (zhonghe)孝顺 to show filial obedience孝子 dutiful son家长 family head三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲 three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son husband guides w
18、ife五常：仁、义、理、智、信 five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity八股文 eight-legged essays多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness养儿防老：raising sons to support one in ones old age8、 近一季度见诸报端的中国现代特色词汇翻译基层监督 grass-roots supervision基础税率 bas
19、e tariff level婚介所 matrimonial agency婚外恋 extramarital love婚纱摄影 bride photo黑心棉 shoddy cotton机器阅卷 machine scoring即开型奖券 scratch-open ticket/lottery集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development价格听证会 public price hearings甲 A 球队 Division A Soccer Team家政服务 household management service加强舆论监督 ensure the co
20、rrect orientation is maintained in public opinion假帐 accounting fraud叫板 challenge; pick a quarrel矫情 use lame arguments 借调 temporarily transfer渐进式台独 gradual Taiwan independence扩大中等收入者比重 Raise the proportion of the middle-income group.扩大内需，刺激消费 expand domestic demand and consumption安居工程 housing project
21、 for low-income urban residents智力密集型 concentration of brain power; knowledge-intensive外资企业 overseas-funded enterprises下岗职工 laid-off workers分流 reposition of redundant personnel三角债 chain debts素质教育 education for all-round development豆腐渣工程 jerry-built projects社会治安情况 law-and-order situation民族国家 nation st
22、ate“台独” “independence of Taiwan“台湾当局 Taiwan authorities台湾同胞 Taiwan compatriots台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分。Taiwan is an inalienable part of the Chinese territory.西部大开发 Development of the West Regions可持续性发展 sustainable development风险投资 risk investment通货紧缩 deflation扩大内需 to expand domestic demand计算机辅助教学 computer-ass
23、isted instruction ( CAI )网络空间 cyberspace虚拟现实 virtual reality网民 netizen ( net citizen )电脑犯罪 computer crime电子商务 the e-business网上购物 shopping online应试教育 exam-oriented education学生减负 to reduce study load 总裁助理 assistant president综合治理 comprehensive treatment安居工程 housing project for low-income urban resident
24、s 信息化 information-based; informationization智力密集型 concentration of brain power; knowledge-intensive 外资企业 overseas-funded enterprises 下岗职工 laid-off workers分流 reposition of redundant personnel素质教育 education for all-round development 通货紧缩 deflation扩大内需 to expand domestic demand计算机辅助教学 computer-assisted
25、instruction ( CAI ) 下海 plunge into the commercial sea 下网 off line小康之家 well-off family; comfortably-off family 新秀 up-and-coming star, rising star新新人类 New Human Being ; X Generation形象小姐 image representative of a product or a brand 虚拟网 virtual net学生处 students“ affairs division研究生毕业证 / 学位证 graduate dipl
26、oma/graudate degree“sdiploma 摇钱树 cash cow以人为本 people oriented; people foremost 义务教育 compulsory education易拉罐 pop can应试教育 examination-oriented education system 舆论导向 direction of public opinion 运球 dribble在职博士生 on-job doctorate 早恋 puppy love招生就业指导办公室 enrolment and vocation guidance office 证券营业部 stock ex
27、change; security exchange 知识产权 intellectual property rights中专生 secondary specialized or technical school student 中流砥柱 mainstay, chief corner stone 专卖店 exclusive agency; franchised store 自我保护意识 self-protection awareness 综合国力 comprehensive national strength综合业务数字网 integrated service digital network (I
28、SDN) 公正、公平、公开 just, fair and open 好莱坞大片 Hollywood blockbuster 黄金时段 prime time假唱 lip-synch 劲射 power shot拉拉队 cheering squad来电显示电话机 caller ID telephone 论文答辩 (thesis) oral defense 泡沫经济 bubble economy 票贩子 scalper, ticket tout拳头产品 competitive products; knock-out products;blockbuster 三角恋爱 love triangle三维动画
29、片 three-dimensional animation“扫黄“/“打非“ eliminate pornography and illegalpublications 申办奥运会 bid for the Olympic Games实现中华民伟大复兴 bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinesenation 市场疲软 sluggish market素质教育 education for all-around development 筒子楼： tube-shaped apartment脱贫致富 cast (shake, throw) off pov
30、erty and set out on a road toprosperty网吧 Internet bar网恋 online love affair 网上冲浪 surf the Internet网上交易平台 online trading platform 无人售票 self-service ticketing无绳来电显示电话 cordless telephone with caller ID 无线应用协议 WAP （ wireless application protocol ）商品的分类1.frozen food 速冻食品2.dairy products 牛产品3.packaged food
31、s 包装食品4.cleaning supplies 清洁用品5.personal-care supplies 个人护理用品 7.car-care products 汽车护理用品 8.yard-care products 庭院护理用品1.Convienience store 便利店 2.Grocery store 小卖部3.Supermarket 超市4.Drug store 药店5.Department store 商场6.Discount store 打折店 7.Factory outlets 厂家直销点8.Specialty shop 专卖店 9.Shopping mall/shoppin
32、g center 购物中心1. dish 碟子2. silverware 银器3. cooking utensils 厨具4. pots 壶 5. pans 锅 6. .Hardware department:7. tool 工具 8. paint 涂料9. light-fixture 灯饰10. home improvement products 家庭装修用品 11. sewing machine 缝纫机 12. washer 洗碗机13. dryer 烘干机14. refrigerator 冰箱15. vacuum sweeper 吸尘器 16. water heater 热水器 17.
33、washing machine 洗衣机 18. air conditioner 空调 19. electric cooker 电炉 20. microwave oven 微波炉 21. pressure cooker 高压锅22. kettle 水壶23. chopping board 切菜板 24. trunner 锅铲 25. cleaver 切肉刀26. executive desk 办公桌27. photocopier 复印机28. laser printer 激光打印机29. floppy disk 软盘 30. fax machine 传真机31. appointment book
34、 记事簿 32. stapler 订书33. filig box 档案分类箱 34. clip 纸夹35. stationery cabinet 文具柜36. stereos/High-Fi 高保真音响37. 积压产品 overstocked commodities (inventories)38. 基因工程 genetic engineering39. 基因突变 genetic mutation40. 基因图谱 genome; Gene chip (DNA microarray41. 绩优股 blue chip 42. 集约经营 intensive operation43. 记帐式国债 bo
35、ok-entry T-bonds44. 记帐式国库券 inscribed treasury bond45. 记者席 press box46. 记者招待会 press conference47. 家政服务 household management service48. 集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development49. 集资房 houses built on the funds collected by the buyers50. 加班 work extra shifts51. 嘉宾 distinguished guest, honored g
36、uest52. 假动作 “deception, feint“53. 价格浮动范围 price-float range54. 价格听证会 public price hearings55. 加工贸易 trade involving the processing of supplied raw materials56. 甲骨文 oracle bone in*ions57. 加快市场步伐 accelerate the marketization; quicken the pace of marketization58. 假冒伪劣产品 counterfeit and shoddy products 59. 加密 encrypt
