1、 1 专题限时集训(三) 情态动词和虚拟语气 1It is required by the rules that students_get grades not lower than 85 in any subject in order to get the scholarship. Awill Bmay Cshall Dwould C 考查情态动词。句意：根据规定，学生如果想拿奖学金，任一单科成绩不得低于 85分。shall用于第三人称，在条约、规定、法令等文件中表示义务或规定，意为“应，必 须”。故选 C。 2Visit the old man this afternoon？If you_
2、，make sure you wear sunscreens to protect your skin. Amust Bcan Cmay Dshall A 考查情态动词。句意：今天下午去看望那个老人？如果你一定要去，请务必涂上防 晒油以保护你的皮肤。if you must(do sth.)(表示虽不赞同但可允许)如果你一定要(那么 做)，故选A。 3Did you meet with the famous actress，Yang Mi? If only I_here earlier! Ahad come Bcame Cwould come Dhave come A If only“要是该多好
3、啊”，用以表示对现在或未来的愿望，结构为：If only sb.did/情态动词v.；亦可表示与过去事实相反的愿望，结构为 If onlysb.had done；答句语境为“我未见到著名演员杨幂，要是我早点来该多好啊！”“未见到”是过去 的事情。故选A。 4_it be Tom that stole the managers mobile phone? No.As far as I know，Tom is very honest. AMay BCan CMust DShould B 考查情态动词表示推测的用法。can可用于否定句或疑问句中表示推测；must 表推 测时一般用于肯定的陈述句中；m
4、ay和 should表推测时不用于疑问句中。根据语境可知，B 项正确。句意：有可能是汤姆偷了经理的手机吗？不可能。据我所知，汤姆是非常 诚实的。 5Why wasnt John hired for the job? I dont know，but he_ Awas Bhad been 2 Cshould have Dshould have been D 考查情态动词。句意：为什么 John没有被雇用？我不知道，但是他。 根据句意，选择D项最为恰当，意为他本该会被雇用，隐含意思为他并没有被雇用，正好符 合问句句意。 6He _the job well，but he_so careless. Ah
5、ad done；had been Bcould do；was Ccould have done；was Dhadnt done；had been C 句意：他本来能够做好那工作，但他太粗心了。答题的关键在于抓住句中的 but， but 后面的句子是对过去事实的陈述，应用一般过去时；前面的句子则表示“本来能 够”，是对过去事情的推断，因此应用could have done。故选C。 7Are you absent from the meeting? Yes，who_it would rain! Ahas thought Bhad thought Cwas thinking Dwould have
6、 thought D 考查情态动词及虚拟语气的用法。句意：你没去开会？没有，谁会想到天 会下雨！故选D。 8Mr.Smith，can I hand in my composition tomorrow morning? Forget it.Id rather you_it to me this afternoon. Acan finish Bhave finished Cwould finish Dfinished D 考查虚拟语气。would rather后的句子应使用虚拟语气，根据 this afternoon 可 知此处表示与将来事实相反，故从句用一般过去时。would rather 后
7、从句用一般过去时表 示与现在或将来事实相反，用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反。故选 D。 9_more energy to my study instead of being crazy about Internet games， I would be sitting in a comfortable office now. AIf I devoted BHad I devoted CWould I be devoted DShould I be devoted B 考查错综虚拟句。此处主句用过去完成时，表示与过去的事实相反，如果省略 if 要用倒装句；从句用“would动词原形”的形式，表示与
8、现在的事实相反。故选 B。 10But for the help of my English teacher，I_the first prize in the 2015 English Writing Competition. Awould not win Bwould not have won 3 Cwould win Dwould have won B 此处虚拟语气表示与过去事实相反，句子谓语动词用 would/should/could/might have done 结构，根据句意要用否定含义，故选 B。本句的条件是由介词短语(but for) 表达的。 11It is a rule t
9、hat public schools_provide adequate and safe sports facilities. Amust Bwill Cshall Dcan C 考查情态动词。shall用于第三人称时，在条约、规定、法令等文件中表示义务或 规定，意为“应，必须”。故选C。 12It seemed that our nursery rhymes_some magic because all the nights I sang them for my daughter，she would listen to them with keen pleasure. Amust have
10、had Bshould have had Ccould have had Dneed have had A 考查情态动词。 句意： 看来我们的儿歌一定有种魔力， 因为每天晚上我为女儿唱时， 她都听得津津有味。must have done 是对过去的事情的肯定推测，表示“肯定，一定”。 故选A。 13It sounds like a wonderful match.How I wish I_it like you. Awatch Bhave watched Cwould watch Dhad watched D 考查虚拟语气。从句动词为过去式，表示目前未能实现的愿望。从句动词为过去完 成时，表示
11、过去未能实现的愿望。这是对过去事情的期望。句意：这听起来是一场很棒的比 赛，我多希望我和你一样看了比赛了。故选D。 14Its suggested in the report that government expenses_to increase teachers salaries in 2017. Abe reduced Bwere reduced Cwill be reduced Ddo reduce A 考查虚拟语气。句意：报告中有人建议 2017 年降低政府开支，提高教师工资。 suggest 表示“建议”时，其名词性从句中的谓语动词用“(should)动词原形”，此处的 reduc
12、e与government expenses之间存在动宾关系，故用被动语态。故选A。 15He_better last night，but he was a little nervous and didnt reach his best standard. Acould perform Bmust have performed Cshould perform Dcould have performed 4 D 考查虚拟语气。含蓄条件句，but表转折，表示与过去事实相反，主句使用“情态 动词have done”。must have done 表示对过去的肯定推测，could have done 表
13、示在过 去本来能做某事。句意：他昨晚本来能表演得更好，但他有点紧张，未能发挥他最好的水平。 故选D。 16Most of the big hotels were full at this time of the year，but finally we_find a room in a small guest house near the station. Aought to Bcould Cwere able to Dmight C 考查情态动词的基本用法。句意：在每年的这个季节大部分旅馆都是满的，但我们 最后还是在车站附近的一个小宾馆里找到了一个房间。 该情景展示的是“过去通过努力而做 成了
14、某事”的意思，而 could“能够”，强调能力，没有此意义。ought to“应该”，might “可以”，均不符合句意。故选 C。 17I called you at 9 last night，but no one answered. Sorry，I_sleeping.I went to bed very early. Aneed have been Bwould have been Cmust have been Dshould have been C 根据答语中的“I went to bed very early”可知，此处为肯定推测，用 must 表 示问话人打电话时答话人一定正在睡觉
15、。must have done表示过去肯定做了某事。故选 C。 18_for the free vegetables，women workers would not have gone to the supermarket so often. AIf it is not BWere it not CHad it not been DIf they were not C 考查虚拟语气。根据题干中的 would not have gone to 可知，本句话是对过去事 情的虚拟，所以，从句中谓语应用 had done的形式；同时，在if 条件句中表示虚拟语气时， 经常将if省略，而把从句中的 ha
16、d，were或 should提前。故选C。 【导学号：57732038】 19Where is Mick？I cannot find him anywhere. He_have been off long.I heard him make a call in the passage just now. Ashouldnt Bcant Cmustnt Dneednt B 句意：Mick 在哪里？我到处都找不到他。他不可能出去很久，刚才我还 听到他在走廊里打电话。用 cant have done表示对过去发生的事情的否定推测。故选 B。 20Frequent quarrels between my
17、 parents are nearly driving me crazy.If only I_ a warm and harmonious family! 5 Ahave Bwill have Chad Dhad had C 考查虚拟语气在特殊句式中的运用。句意：父母之间频繁的吵架几乎让我崩溃。要 是我有一个温暖和谐的家庭该多好啊！if only表示一个强烈的感叹“要是就好了”， 表示对现在愿望的虚拟，从句常用一般过去时。故选 C。 21But for those interruptions，the meeting _half an hour ago. Awas finished Bwould
18、 have finished Cwould finish Dhad been finished B 考查含蓄虚拟语气。句意：要不是那些小插曲，这场会议在半小时前就结束了。根 据句意及时间状语half an hour ago 可知设空处与过去事实相反，故选 B。 22The upset mother thought to herself，“ If only I_whats going on in my little boys head right now.” Ahad known Bknow Cknew Dhave known C 考查虚拟语气。if only 表示“要是就好了”，谓语动词应使用
19、虚拟语气，根 据right now 可知，此处表示对现在的虚拟，故谓语动词用一般过去时。故选 C。 23If you had listened to me，we_at the party.Move over.Ill drive. Aare Bwere Cwould be Dwould have been C 考查虚拟语气。句意：要是当初你听我的，那么我们现在就在聚会现场了。你挪过 去，我来开车。if 从句表示与过去事实相反的假设，而本空表示与现在的实际情况相反的 假设，说话人此时还在路上，因此选 C 项。 24Well，I missed the early train to Suzhou. B
20、ut had you hurried，you_ Ashouldnt Bhadnt had Cwouldnt Dwouldnt have D 考查虚拟语气。句意：哎呀，我错过了去苏州的早班火车。可你若抓紧时 间的话，你就不会误车了。had you hurried等于 if you had hurried，表示对过去的虚拟， 故主句用would have done 形式，所以选D。 25Tell me your secret. I_It wouldnt be a secret if I told you. Awont Bneednt Cmightnt Dcouldnt A 考查情态动词。句意：把你的秘密告诉我吧。我不会告诉你的。如果告诉 6 你了，这就不是秘密了。这里表示说话人的意愿，故用 wont。
