1、人教课标版 高二 选修 8 Unit 3,英语课件,Unit 3,Inventors and inventions,Warming up,Discuss in pairs which pictures show inventions and which show discoveries.,An amphibious car,Stephensons “Rocket”,DNA,What are the important inventions of the 20th century? Which do you think is the most important one?,Thomas Edis
2、on invented the electric bulb.,Did Edison invent electricity? Can electricity be invented? Is electricity an invention or discovery? Why?,2. Which of this pictures show inventions? Does any of them show discoveries?,Stephensons “Rocket”,Stephensons “Rocket” (1781-1848),George Stephenson was one of t
3、he first men to design engines for the railways which were new at that time. One of the first tracks to be laid was between Stockton and Darlington. Stephenson was one of the first railway engineers and in 1825 he drove the first train along the line.,An amphibious car,An amphibious car(2003),This i
4、s the first car that can travel safely on water and on land. When moving on water, the wheels of the car turn sideways and move into the body. The underneath of the car is strong enough to sail as a boat. It is a prototype and is not yet being produced for sale. This is an interesting modern inventi
5、on.,DNA,The structure of DNA,This was a discovery of Francis Crick and James Watson and published in 1953. These two scientists were the first to show that our genes consist of two spirals of DNA (called the double-helix). This work led directly to the human genome project in 2003, which discovered
6、the Structure of DNA.,伽利略的望远镜,牛顿制造的反射望远镜,X射线广泛用于医学领域,谷腾堡发明的印刷机,英国钟表匠阿克莱特发明的水力纺纱机,3. Work out rules that will help you decide what is discovery and what is an invention?,(1) A discovery is A discovery merely makes known something that already exist in nature, such as the discovery on the New Continen
7、t by Columbia.,(2) An invention issomething that created by human being, such as the lighting rod.,Give your examples of each category and fill in the blanks. Work out the connections between them.,1. Electricity,1. Systems of delivering electrical light and heating to homes and offices 2. Household
8、 machines for washing, ironing, keeping food cold, etc 3. Computers, telephones, television, etc,2. The movement of air,1. Airplane jet engines 2. Air balloons, etc,Machines to help people with serious disease (like kidney failure),3. The circulation of the blood,4. X-rays,Body scanners to see wheth
9、er you are ill 2. Machines to treat illnesses (like cancer),Discoveries often lead to inventions.,4. In pairs discuss any modern inventions you know. Describe them to your partner and explain how they changed peoples lives.,television 1923,colour television 1940,photocopier 1937,air conditioner 1902
10、,electronic digital computer 1942,Atomic bomb 1945,Credit cards 1950,Penicillin 1928,Do you know the stages every inventor must go through before they can have their invention approved? Inventing is a scientific activity and so follows similar stages to those used in research. Work out a suitable or
11、der.,Pre-reading,Applying for a patent 2. Finding a problem 3. Doing research 4. Testing the solution 5. Thinking of a creative solution 6. Deciding on the invention,Patent office (专利局) plays the role of deciding what is an invention and what is not. And only inventions can get patens and so be reco
12、gnized and protected.,patents,Reading The problem of the snakes,Skim the whole passage and get the main idea:,The text narrates _ and presents _ and applying for _.,the problem of the snakes,the procedures of catching them,a patent,Skimming,Divide the passage into several parts and find out the main
13、 idea for each paragraph.,Part 1(para.1),the discovery of the problem of the snakes,Part 2 (para.2),Doing some research about the habits of snakes,Part 3(para.3),Deciding on the solution,Part 4(para.4-6),the attempts to catch the snakes,Part 5(para.7-8),the requirements of getting a patent,I. Read t
14、he text carefully and fill in the blanks.,harming,habits,Detailed reading,habitat,trap,cooling,last /third,in the evening,net,patent,different,valid,18,1. How did the writer catch the snakes? ( )A. using something the snakes were interested to attract them into a trap.B. taking their habitat to anot
15、her place.C. placing the snakes at a low temperature for them to sleep and then caught them.D. All the above.,C,II. Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.,2. The writer was successful to catch the snakes in _ attempt. the first B. the second C. the third D. every,C,3. The following are
16、used in the three attempts EXCEPT _. A. perfume B. a bowl C. jelly D. ice-cubes,A,4. Why did cooling the snakes make them less active? ( )Because snakes are warm-blooded animals. B. Because snakes like high temperature. C. Because snakes are reptiles and their body temperature depends on the heat ar
17、ound them.,C,5. Which of the following may get a patent according to the text?A. A computer programme. B. A new animal variety. C. A work of literature. D. A truly novel and useful invention.,D,6. The purpose in writing this text isA. to show us how to trap the snakes but not to kill themB. to tell
18、people how to apply for a patent of the writers new ideaC. to introduce the writers new idea of trapping the snakes and her application for a patentD. to tell the readers how to get a new idea and make it a patent,7. The biggest advantage of the writers new idea is that:,A. it makes the snakes move
19、slowly B. it makes the snakes hardly bite us C. it is easier for us to kill the snakes without hurting ourselves D. it is easier for us to catch the snakes without killing them,8. Which statement is true according to the text?,A. The snakes were so sleepy in the second attempt that they couldnt bite
20、 the writer at all. B. Your product must be different from everybody elses if you want to receive a patent. C. The writer decided to send her invention to the patent office the moment she succeeded in catching the snakes. D. If an application for your product proves to be valid, you can get a patent
21、 immediately.,The mother was upset because a family of snakes had made their home near the house.,1). What was the mother upset about?,III. Read and answer the questions.,The writer was happy because it gave her an opportunity to help her mother and invent something to catch the snakes without hurti
22、ng them at the same time.,2). Why was the writer happy to help her mother?,3). What are the three creative steps that the writer takes to catch the snakes without hurting them?,Step 1: She bought a stainless ice cream maker and froze the bowl. She added ice cubes to the top of the bowl to keep it co
23、ld. She placed it over the snakes habitat during the day so that the snakes would become sleepy and could be easily caught.,Step 2: As above she did the same but placed the bowls over the snakes habitat in the evening. Step 3: As above but added a net to catch the snakes.,4). Why did cooling make th
24、e snakes less active?Snakes do not have a way of keeping warm in their bodies. They get warmth from the sun and become more active at this time. When the sun goes down at night they cool down and become less active. So extra cooling to the snake would make them even less active and easier to catch.,
25、Discussion,Whats the writing purpose of the writer?What should we learn from this text?,1. Whats the writing purpose of the writer?,The writer wants to inform us of the scientific methods to solve present problems so that we students can not only broaden the horizons but become more skilled in disco
26、vering and considering carefully the problems in daily life. We are also encouraged by the writer to be creative and hardworking as well as thinking independently.,2. What should we learn from this text?,We can learn from the text the way of doing scientific researches and how to apply for a patent.
27、 We can also learn that it takes an inventor great determination persistence to achieve his or her ambition and persistence to achieve his or her ambition in life.,Apply what we learn:,In pairs look at the following problems. Choose one and use the scientific stages to design a new invention to solv
28、e it. Remember to include one change to your invention in case it doesnt work the first time.,(This can be done after class.),Problem 1: the apples growing on your apple tree are too high for you to reach them. What can you invent to pick your apples in comfort? Problem 2: You need to make a house but you only have fishing nets and many plastic bottles. How can you solve it? Problem 3: You want to catch fish but not hurt them when you do so. Design a fishing rod that will solve this problem.,Homework,Write a passage about how to apply for a patent?,
