1、Revision,现在分词和过去分词作状语,实验中学 蒋慧明,用分词改写下列状语从句： 1.When the boy heard the exciting news, he jumped with joy.,Hearing the exciting news, the boy jumped with joy.,2.When he was asked about his family, he made no answer.,Asked about his family, he made no answer.,（一）、表示时间,3.She didnt attend the school becau
2、se she was ill.,Being ill, she didnt attend the school.,4.Because he was badly injured, he had to be taken to the hospital.,Badly injured, he had to be taken to the hospital.,（二）、表示原因,5.If you turn left, youll find the theatre.,Turning left, youll find the theatre.,6.I wont go to the party unless I
3、am invited.,I wont go to the party unless invited.,（三）、表示条件,7.Though he knows where I live, he never comes to see me.,Knowing where I live, he never comes to see me.,8.Though he wasnt invited , he still went to the party.,Not invited, he still went to the party.,（四）、表示让步,1.She lay on the grass and s
4、tared at the sky.,用分词改写下列并列句：,She lay on the grass, staring at the sky.,2.He stood under the tree and waited for me.,He stood under the tree, waiting for me.,3.The teacher walked out of the classroom and was followed by his students.,The teacher walked out of the classroom, followed by his students.
5、,（五）.表示方式和伴随,1.The glass fell onto the ground, _ (break) into pieces. 2.What he said hurt his friend, _ (result) in the quarrel between them.,breaking,resulting,（六）结果状语: （常在句末，用doing, 而不用done，而且表示意料中的结果。）,3.doing, done 作状语的区别：,1) Hearing the news, we were happy.,2) Heated, ice will change into water
6、.,doing作状语,该动作和句子主语是主动关系; done作状语, 该动作和句子主语是被动关系。,1. 分词在句子中可以作时间状语、原因状语、伴随状语、条件状语和让步状语等。 2. 分词作状语时,过去分词的逻辑主语与句子主语一致。,讨论总结得出：,1.After I had finished my work, I went home.,Having finished my work, I went home.,2.Because I had spent all night watching TV, I was very tired the next day.,Having spent all
7、 night watching TV, I was very tired the next day.,用分词改写下列状语从句：,二、现在分词的一般式doing和完成式having done都可以表示先后接连发生的动作。 在可能引起误解的场合应该用完成式having done表示先发生的动作。,总结得出：,试比较： Having eating his breakfast, Mr. Li went to work.吃完早餐之后, 李先生就去上班了。 此句如果写成：Eating his breakfast, Mr. Li went to work. 李先生边吃早餐边去上班。,1.If weather
8、 permits, we will go outing.,Weather permitting, we will go outing.,2.After supper was finished, we started to discuss the picnic.,Supper finished, we started to discuss the picnic.,用分词改写下列状语从句（三）,三、分词 (短语) 作状语时, 其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。如果不一致，必须用独立主格结构来表示，也就是在分词前面加上它的逻辑主语。,总结得出：,Practice,1.It _ a cold day,
9、wed better put off the picnic and stay at home. A. Is B. was C. has been D. being,2._ , we have to do the work instead. He is ill B. As he being ill C. He being ill D. His being ill,四、分词的否定形式是在分词短语前面加上 not, never等否定词构成。,例如: Not knowing how to find the subway, I asked a policeman for help. 我不知怎样找到地铁，
10、就去找警察帮忙。,Summary,doing 和done 不相同，doing 主动done 被动，doing 进行done 完成；,无论doing 还是done,做状语时常句首；,时间原因和条件， 方式伴随与让步， doing 还可表结果；,用done 还是用doing, 关键要看逻辑主；,动作若在谓语前。 莫忘要用having done,表否定时要记得， not 加在分词前。,逻辑主语不相同， 要用独立格结构。,分词作状语的特殊情况,1.常用的评论性状语. Generally/Strictly speaking 一般严格来说 Considering 考虑到 Providing/Provide
11、d that 假定 Supposing that. 假定 Judging from/by 根据判 Compared with/to 和比起来,1).一般来说，女人比男人更细心。,Generally speaking, women are more careful than men.,2).根据她所描述的，那小偷一定是个可怜的老头。,Judging from what she described, that thief must be a poor old man.,3).考虑到她的年龄，我们不得不将她留在家里。,Considering her age, we had to leave her
12、alone at home.,2、来源于系表结构的过去分词表主动,作状语时不能用doing，这样的过去分词或短语常见的有： lost in seated in excited about prepared for worried about faced with tired of dressed in born in interested in dressed in addicted to satisfied with 等,1、由于担心他的进餐礼仪，他决定一切按照主人那样做。_ _ his table manners, he decided to do everything as the ho
13、st did. 2、老师不停地点头，显然对我们的表现很满意。 The teacher kept nodding, obviously _ _ our performance.,Worried about,satisfied with,Practice,3、由于沉溺于电脑游戏，他对学习失去了兴趣。,Addicted to computer games, he lost interest in study.,4、由于出身贫穷，他十岁就辍学了。,Born in a poor family, he quitted school at the age of 10.,3、分词短语做状语时，前面可以加上连词
14、或介词，但是分词短语和句子之间不能用并列连词(如but，and)，因为并列连词接的是两个并列成分，而分词短语只是全句的一个状语部分，分词和主句之间可用逗号。,试比较： If you work hard, youll catch up with me.Work hard, and youll catch up with me.Working hard, youll catch up with me.,Working hard, and youll catch up with me.,但不可以说：,条件状语从句,并列句,简单句,2. She fell off the bike, _her left
15、 leg. (break) 3. I woke up in the morning, _the outside world greatly changed. (find) 总结:to do和doing 都可作结果状语，-ing 形式往往表示前面主句的结果，而to do 表示意料之外的结果。,breaking,to find,4. doing & to do作目的状语的区别：,1.从塔顶上看，我们的城市显得愈发漂亮。_(see) from the top of the tower, our city looks more beautiful. 2.从塔顶上我们可以饱览城市的美景。_ (see)
16、from the top of the tower, we can get a wonderful view of our city.3.为饱览城市的美景，我们爬上了塔顶。_(get) a wonderful view of our city, we climbed to the top of the tower.,Seen,Seeing,To get,Homework,、从山上看，这个城市很美。 、他站在门口等着我的到来。 、一旦被翻译中文，这本书就会出版。 、由于不知道他的地址，我们不能联系。 、看过那部电影之后，我写了一篇评论。 、今天是星期日，我可以在家好好休息。,1.从山上看，这个城
17、市很美。 Seen from the hill, the city is very beautiful.,2.他站在门口等着我的到来。,He stood at the gate, waiting for my arrival.,3.一旦被译成中文，这本书就会出版。,Once translated into Chinese, this book will come out/ be published.,4.由于不知道他的地址，我们不能联系。,Not knowing where he lives, we cant keep in touch.,5.看过那部电影之后，我写了一篇评论。,Having watched the film, I wrote a comment.,6.如果今天是星期天，我就在家好好休息。,Today being Sunday, I would have a good rest at home.,Thank you!,
