1、名词性从句,NOUN CLAUSES,When we will go to America hasnt been decided. We havent decided when we will go to America. The is when we will go to America. The when we will go to America,Tell the types of the following noun clauses SC（主语从句）OC（宾语从句）PC（表语从句）AC（同位语从句） 1. What life will be like in the future is
2、difficult to predict. 2. It is certain that things will change.3. I dont know when the meeting will be held. 4.The school of the future will probably be quite different from what they are today.5.The discussion topic for today is what schools will be like in the future. 6. It looks as if they are ve
3、ry excited at the news.7. The fact that Great Britain is made up of three countriesis still unknown to many. 8. The suggestion that students should learn something practicalis worth considering.,名词性从句的认识,PC,SC,PC,AC,OC,AC,SC,OC,名词性从句：在复合句中起 _作用的从句。,名词性从句,主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句,同位语从句,名词,be, look, sound, seem
4、, appear, remain,Vt / 介词后,名词性从句的考点,1、语序(order of speech)2、whether/ if3, what/ that 4. what/ whatever5. whatever/ no matter what 6、时态(tense)7、语气(mood)8、形式作用的it9、插入语,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1. Can you tell me how many students are therein your class?2. The question is where has he gone.3. when will the meet
5、ing begin is unknown .,Can you tell me how many students there are in your class?,The question is where he has gone.,when the meeting will begin is unkonwn,规律一：名词性从句中须使用陈述语序！,考点1、语序(order of speech),1. (06 上海春) These shoes look very good. I wonder _.A. how much cost they are B. how much do they cost
6、 C. how much they cost D. how much are they cost 2. (00 上海) Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see_.A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is,C,D,1. _ _we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet. 2. It hasnt been decided _we shall attend the meeting. 3. He asked me _I could go with
7、 him . 4. It depends on _the weather is suitable for us to do it. 5. The question is _he himself will be present at the meeting. 6. The news _ our team has won the match is unknown. 7. _you like it or not, you must do it. 8. He doesnt know _to stay or not. 9. We didnt know _or not she was ready.A. w
8、hether B. if C. whether / if,考点 2、 whether与if,A,C,C,A,A,A,A,A,A,规律二： 下面几种情况只能用whether,不能用if ： 1. 主语从句（位于句子开头）； 2. 介词后宾语从句； 3. 表语从句 4. 同位语从句 5. 让步状语从句 6. 后面直接跟to do时 7. 直接跟or not 时,1.(06江苏)We havent settled the question of _ it is necessary for him to study abroad.A. if B. where C. whether D. that 2.
9、(07湖北) _he has been abroad doesnt make much difference. (he, abroad)A. If B. What C. Where D. Whether,c,Complete the following sentences using what or that _ she is a good student is known to us. 2._ we cant get seems better than _we have. 3. The police were called in to find out _caused the big fir
10、e. 4. They tell me _ she is a teacher and _she teaches English.,That,what,What,规律三： what / that 1. that : 在引导名词性从句中，只起引导作用，无意义，不充当成分，不可省略，只有在引导第一个宾语从句时可省 。2. what ：有意义, 充当成分（主、宾、表、定）；不可省略。,考点3. what与that,what,that/ ,that,1. Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different
11、from _ their parents speak at home. (2008浙江)A. what B. that C. which D. one2. You can only be sure of _ you have at present; you cannot be sure of something _ you might get in the future. （07安徽） A. that; what B. what; / C. which; that D. /; that,B,A,任何破坏法律的人都应该 受到惩罚。1.Who breaks the law shall be pun
12、ished. ( )2. Whoever breaks the law shall be punished.( ),1.who类词 ,有疑问意义，表示特指概念, 充当成分。2. whoever类词 (whatever / whichever/ whomever/ whenever/ wherever): 无疑问意义，表示泛指概念；充当成分。相当于anyone who , anything that, any one that/ who, any time when, any place where.,考点4.who 类词与whoever类词,1 _ wants to stay in a hot
13、el has to pay their own way. (08浙江)A. Anyone B. The one C. Whoever D. Who2.(06辽宁) _ makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.A. What B. Who C. Whatever D. Whoever,c,A,判断下列句子是否错误，并总结出规律： Whatever is worth doing is worth doing well. 2. Whoever you are, you must observe the la
14、w. 3. No matter what you do, you must do it well. 4. No matter who leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.,规律五： no matter what 类词(who/ which/ whom/ when/ where/ how): 只能引导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句. 2. whatever类词 (whoever/ whichever/ whomever/ whenever/ wherever)(除however外):既可以引导名词性从句，又可引导让步状语从句。引导
15、让步状语从句时，能与no matter what类词互换。,whoever ,考点5. no matter what类词与whatever类词,1.(07山东) Could I speak to _ is in charge of International Sales, please?A. anyone B. someone C. whoever D. no matter who 2. (06山东) _ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.A. No matter what B. No mat
16、ter whichC. Whatever D. Whichever,c,D,1. He said that he had done his homework before watching TV . . We told you what they would do at 8:00 tomorrow.,(07四川) When you get the paper back, pay attention to what _ .A. have marked B. have been marked C. had marked D. had been marked,考点时态 主句是过去时,规律；六： 若主
17、句是过去时,名词性从句的时态应根据实际用过去的某种时态形式，受主句时态的限制。但名词性从句若是真理或客观事实，则从句时态仍用一般现在时态。,B,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律： 1. We suggested that we would go to the cinema. 2. My suggestion is that we must do our homework first. 3. I wish you posted the letter yesterday 4. I would rather I followed the doctors advice then. 5. It is
18、necessary that he goes there at once. 6. Its time that we go to bed.,(should),had followed,规律七：注意_语气的使用！),考点7.语气(mood),(should),had posted,(should) go,went / should go,名词性虚拟语气的使用情况,insist / order, command /, suggest, advise, propose, recommend /, require, request, demand, desire ) 后接that宾语从句中; it +
19、be + v.ed + that 的主语从句中 2. . 以上动词的名词 (insistence, order, command suggestion, advice, proposal, recommendation, requirement, request, demand,)所接的同位语从句及表语从句中 3. 在 “It + adj.( important, natural, necessary, strange, urgent, essential) + that 主语从句”中 4. I wish 主语did/ had done/ could (would) do sth 5. I w
20、ould rather主语did/ had done/ did6. 在 “It is (about/ high) time + that 主语did/ should do,1.(05江苏) -Dont you think it necessary that he _to Miami but to New York?-I agree, but the problem is _ he has refused to.A. will not be sent; that B. not be sent; thatC. should not be sent; what D. should not send;
21、 what 2.Janes pale face suggested that she _ ill, and her parents suggested that she _ a medical examination.A. be; should have B. was; have C. should be; had D. was; has,B,B,Translations: 1.据说这本书已被翻译成种语言2. 我讨厌人们说话的时候满嘴食物 I hate_ when people speak with their mouth _.,It is said that the book has bee
22、n translated into 12 languages.,full,it,考点精析 7. 、形式作用的it-代替主语或宾语从句,主语从句在以下句型中: 1、It is / was +adj that/ wh-; 2、It is / was+ed that / wh-; 3、It seems / doesnt matter that/ wh-; 4、It is + n. that/ wh-;宾语从句在以下句型中: 1、主语 + vt.（find/ feel/ think/ consider/ make/ believe/consider/ ） + it + 宾补+ that/ wh- ;
23、2、主语 + vt.（love / like/ hate/ appreciate/ ） + it + that/ wh- ;,考点精析 7. 、形式作用的it-代替主语或宾语从句,1.(07天津) He didnt make _ clear when and where the meeting would be held.A. this B. that C. it D. these 2.(05上海春招) Our club is open to adults only. _ your children have entered without permission.A. There seems
24、that B. It seems to be C. There seems to be D. It seems that 3.(04全国) I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.A. this B. that C. it D. one,C,D,C,分析下列句子中的插入语及分割现象，并总结出规律：1. The companies are working together to create _ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st cen
25、tury. （08北京）A. which B. that C. what D. who 2. _ was most important to her, she told me, was her family. （08山东） A. It B. This C. What D. As,考点精析 8、插入语及分割现象,c,c,规律八： （1）在陈述句中（含分割现象）: 暂时忽略插入语，不受其干扰；或还原为正常语序。（ 2）在疑问句中:正常语序是：Wh- + 插入语 (do you think/ believe/ guess/ suppose/ say /suggest/ / are you sure)
26、 + 陈述语序？”,(05浙江) Danby left word with my secretary _ he would call again in the afternoon. A. who B. that C. as D. which 2. (06 重庆) Nobody believe his reason for being absent from class _ he had to met his uncle at the airport.A. why B. that C. where D. because 3.,B,B,B,强化训练,1. I just wonder _ that
27、makes him so excited. A. why it does B. what does he C. how is it D. what it is 2. Please remind me _ he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off.A. where B. when C. how D. what 3. Word came _ the PLA man approached the child slowly and helped him to safety. A. when B. that C. since D. whe
28、re 4. The child is always lying, so none of us will believe _ he says.A. whatever B. no matter what C. how D. whichever,B,B,A,D,5. The question_ he asked was _ the electrical equipment should be stored.A. what; that B. which; if C. ; where D. when; because 6. Do _ you think is right _ difficulties y
29、ou may have.A. what; however B. that; however hard C. which; no matter what D. what; whatever 7. I have always been honest and straightforward, and it doesnt matter _ that Im talking to. (04广东) A. who is it B. who it isC. it is who D. it is whom,D,c,B,8. The village has developed a lot _ we learned
30、farming two years ago. A. when B. which C. that D. where9. Having checked the doors were closed, and _ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom (07湖南) A. why B. that C. when D. what10. -Hurry up! Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate. -Oh! I thought they _ witho
31、ut me. A. went B. are going C. have gone D. had gone,D,B,D,名词性从句的考点,1、语序(order of speech)2、whether/ if3, what/ that 4. what/ whatever5. whatever/ no matter what 6、时态(tense)7、语气(mood)8、形式作用的it9、插入语,homework,1.Do the exercises related to Noun Clause on the grammar book.,thanks for your attention,1.(05
32、北京) As soon as he comes back, Ill tell him when _ and see him. A. you will come B. will you come C. you come D. do you come 2. (05 江西) -Hurry up! Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate.-Oh! I thought they _ without me. A. went B. are goingC. have gone D. had gone,23. Having checked the
33、 doors were closed, and _ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom (07湖南) A. why B. that C. when D. where(00上海春招)Eat _ cake you like and leave the others for _ comes in late.A. any; who B. every; whoever C. whichever; whoever D. either; whoever,. (06上海春) Doris success lies in
34、the fact _ she is cooperative and eager to learn from other.A. which B. that C. when D. why. (07 福建) The village has developed a lot _ we learned farming two years ago.A. when B. which C. that D. where10. (05安徽) Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer _ _it was years ago, _ it
35、 was so poorly equipped.A. what; when B. that; which C. what; which D. which; that 11. _ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.（08福建）A. It B. What C. As D. Which,B,A,D,(05福建) Mum is coming. What present _ for your birthday?A. you expect she has got B. you expec
36、t has she got C. do you expect she has got D. do you expect has she got People in Chongqing are proud of _ they have achieved in the past ten years. （08重庆）A. that B. which C. what D. how (05天津)He tried his best to solve the problem, _ difficult it was.A. however B. no matter C. whatever D. although,
37、(06四川) -Its thirty years since we last met.-But I still remember the story, believe it or not, _ we got lost on a rainy night.A. which B. that C. what D. none 4. (06安徽)A warm thought suddenly came to me _ I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mothers birthday.A. If B. that C. when
38、D. which,考点精析 7 、与相关句式的比较 (3) 与 状语从句,分析下列句子中的从句 ，并总结出规律： 1.(05北京春) It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time.A. before B. since C. after D. when 2. (04重庆) You can eat food free in my restaurant _ you like. A. whenever B. wherever C. whatever D. however 3. (05上海春) Dont leave the sharp kni
39、fe _ our little Jane can get it.A. in which B. to which C. that D. where 4. (06全国) See the flags on top of the building? That was _ we did this morning.A. when B. which C. where D. what 5. (07山东) Could you speak to _ is in charge of International Sales, please?A. anyone B. someone C. whoever D. no m
40、atter who,B,c,D,D,A,规律十二： 去掉it is /was that 后，下余内容所构成的句子成分完整 时，该结构即为强调句型。,考点精析 7 、与相关句式的比较 (1) 与强调句型it is/ was that比较,分析下列句子中的强调句型，并总结出规律： 1. (07上海春) It is imagination _ makes the world colorful, full of vigor and vitality.A. where B. what C. that D. when 2. (07重庆) It is not who is right but what is
41、 right _ is of importance.A. which B. it C. that D. this 3. (06辽宁) It was after he got what he had desired _ he realized it was not so important.A. that B. when C. since D. as 4. (05 天津) It is what you do rather than what you say _ matters.A. that B. what C. which D. this 5. (04全国) It wasnt until ne
42、arly a month later _ I received the managers reply.A. since B. when C. as D. that,c,c,D,A,A,（活力和生气）,。,规律十四： （1）状语从句：a.从句本身一定是完整的句子。b.连词有自己“独立的、固定的、特定的”意义。c.连词不充当从句的任何成分。d.它和从句一起只能做主句的某种状语，表示主句谓语动词发生的时间、原因、条件等等。(2)名词从句：a.从句本身不一定是完整的句子（that, whether, if 引导的从句是完整的;wh- 疑问词引导的不是完整的） 。b. 连词不一定充当从句的成分（that
43、, whether, if不充当从句的成分;wh- 疑问词充当从句的某一成分） （主、宾、表、定、状）。 c. 连词意义变化了：that 无意义；if / whether “是否”（不是“如果”）； when “的时候” （不是“ 当时候”）；where “的地方” （不是“ 在地方”）。,。,规律十四：(3)不同的引导词: as, while, since, as if, even if, though, once, unless不用于名词从句中; what, who, whom, whose, which不用在状语从句中。 (4)状语从句的特殊时态：主句将来时态，表时间、条件、让步的状语从
44、句必须用一般现在时。 “It is + 时间段 +since 从句” 中，since从句必须用 一般过去时。（注意：若is改为was，则since从句中用过去完成时）1.误：I dont know if he comes back this month.正：I dont know if he will come back this month.（宾语从句）2.误：It is 5 years since he has joined the party.正： It is 5 years since he joined the party.,。,规律十三： (3)不同的引导词: as不用在名词从句中
45、; when, where在名词性从句中不能与in/on/at which 互换; whether, if, what, how不用在定语从句中。(4)名词从句与定语从句的一些对应关系: what = all that; whoever = anyone who; whomever = anyone whom; whatever = anything that; whichever = any of that。,判断下列句子是否错误，并总结出规律： 1. He wishes that he could fly in the sky just like a free bird.2. It is
46、the first/ second time that he has been to Chain.3. It is (high) time that we hadshould have our class now.4. It is / has been 10 years since he left his home.,规律八： （1） 若主句动词是wishwould rahter,名词性从句的时态必须用过去的某一种时态，不用现在的某种时态形式，也不用一般将来时。（2）若主句为It is (high) time that时，从句 用一般过去时，或用 “should + 动词原形”。（3）若主句为It is / has been 10 years since ,则从句用一般过去时态。（4）若主句为It is the first/ second time that,则从句用现在完成时态。,
