1、语法专项突破(五) 状语从句和定语从句一、状语从句 常用状语从句连词一览表,高考体验 1. (2012福建)It is hard for the Greek government to get over the present difficulties _ it gets more financial support from the European Union. A. if B. unless C. because D. since,答案 B 解析 句意：除非希腊政府能得到欧盟的财政支持，否则它很难克服目前的困难。故选B项。if“如果”；unless“如果不;除非”;because“因为”
2、；since“自从;由于”。,2. (2012江西)You can borrow my car _ you promise not to drive too fast. A. unless B. even if C. in case D. as long as,答案 D 解析 句意:你可以借我的车,只要你保证不开得太快。as long as“只要”，引导条件状语从句。unless“如果不;除非”;even if“即使;纵然”；in case“假使;免得;以防”。,3. (2012陕西)All the photographs in this book， _ stated otherwise， d
3、ate from the 1950s. A. unless B. until C. once D. if,答案 A 解析 句意:这本书里所有的照片,除非是另行标注，都能追溯到20世纪50年代。unless“除非”；until“直到”；once“一旦”；if“如果”。根据句意可知选A项。,4. (2012湖南) _ I always felt I would pass the exam， I never thought I would get an A. A. While B. Once C. If D. Until,答案 A 解析 句意：尽管我一直感觉我会通过这次考试，但从没想过会得一个A。w
4、hile“尽管”，引导让步状语从句，多放于句首。once“一旦”；if“如果”；until“直到”，均不符合句意。,5. (2012新课标全国)I dont believe weve met before， _ I must say you do look familiar. A. therefore B. although C. since D. unless,答案 B 解析 句意:尽管我要说你真的看起来很眼熟，但是我认为我们以前没有见过面。therefore“因此;所以”；although“尽管;虽然”;since“由于;既然;自从”；unless“除非;如果不”。根据前后句的逻辑关系判断
5、应选B项。,6. (2012陕西)Hot _ the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey. A. although B. as C. while D. however,答案 B 解析 句意：尽管晚上天气热，我们还是睡得很沉，因为经过长时间的旅行之后我们太累了。as引导让步状语从句需用部分倒装，其形式是将作表语的形容词或名词置于句首。,7. (2012山东)A number of high buildings have arisen _ there was nothing a
6、 year ago but ruins. A. when B. where C. before D. until,答案 B 解析 句意：很多高楼在一年前只有废墟的地方建起来了。what在句中充当主语、宾语或表语，故排除；before和until都引导时间状语从句，不符合句意。因此选用where，引导地点状语从句。,8. (2012四川)If you happen to get lost in the wild， youd better stay _ you are and wait for help. A. why B. where C. who D. what,答案 B 解析 句意：如果你偶
7、然在荒野中迷路，你最好呆在原地等待帮助。where在此引导地点状语从句，符合句意。,9. (2012天津)Everything was placed exactly _ he wanted it for the graduation ceremony. A. while B. when C. where D. though,答案 C 解析 句意：毕业典礼的一切都按照他的想法被安排得井井有条。where在此处引导地点状语从句，修饰谓语动词was placed。,10. (2012重庆) Coach， can I continue with the training? Sorry， you can
8、t _ you havent recovered from the knee injury. A. until B. before C. as D. unless,答案 C 解析 句意：教练，我能继续训练吗?对不起，你不能，因为你膝盖上的伤还没痊愈。until和before用来引导时间状语从句；as引导原因状语从句；unless引导条件状语从句；根据第二句可知，为原因状语从句。,11. (2012辽宁)Leave your key with your neighbor _ you lock yourself out one day. A. as long as B. even though C
9、. in case D. as if,答案 C 解析 句意：将你的钥匙留给你的邻居以防你某天会把自己锁在外面。as long as“只要”；even though“即使”；in case“以防万一”；as if“好像”。根据句意C项正确。,12.(2011江西)Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon, or _ it is convenient to you. A. whenever B. however C. whichever D. wherever,答案 A 解析 句意：请打电话让我的秘书安排一个会议，在今
10、天下午或是任何你方便的时候。whenever“无论何时”；however“无论如何”；whichever“无论哪一个”；wherever“无论何地”。此处or连接的是和this afternoon并列的两个时间状语(从句)，故只有A项正确。,13.(2011天津) _ regular exercise is very important, its never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime. A. If B. As C. Although D. Unless,答案 C 解析 句意：虽然有规律的锻炼很重要，但在临睡觉前锻炼却从来不是个好主
11、意。if可引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”；as可引导时间状语从句，表示“当时”，若引导让步状语从句，句子需用倒装；分析前句“有规律的锻炼很重要”和后句“临睡前锻炼却不好”可知，前句为后句的让步状语，故选C项，although表示“虽然”，可引导让步状语从句；unless表示“除非”，引导条件状语从句。,14.(2011辽宁)No matter how _, it is not necessarily lifeless. A. a desert may be dry B. dry a desert may be C. may a desert be dry D. dry may a desert
12、 be,答案 B 解析 句意：一个沙漠无论多么干旱，也不一定就没有生命。how与形容词和可数名词单数连用的顺序为：how+形容词+a(n)+可数名词单数，与其用法一样的还有so, too等。如：so difficult a question如此难的一个问题；Its too long a journey to make in one day.旅程太远，一天之内到不了。故选B。,15.(2011北京) _ volleyball is her main focus, shes also great at basketball. A. Since B. Once C. Unless D. While,
13、答案 D 解析 句意：虽然排球是她的主要核心项目，但是她篮球打得也很棒。根据句意可知，这里表示让步关系。while“虽然”，符合句意。since“既然”；once“一旦”；unless“除非”。,16.(2011四川)Frank insisted that he was not asleep _ I had great difficulty in waking him up. A. whether B. although C. for D. so,答案 B 解析 句意：尽管我费了很大劲才把他叫醒，但弗兰克依然坚持说他没睡着。although“虽然;尽管”，引导让步状语从句，符合句意。wheth
14、er“是否”；for“因为”；so“因此”，三者均不符合题意。,17.(2011湖南)Jack wasnt saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him _ he had done something very clever. A. as if B. in case C. while D. though,答案 A 解析 句意：杰克什么也没说，但是老师朝着他笑，就好像他做了非常明智的事情一样。as if“好像”；in case“以防万一”；while“当时候；而；却”；though“尽管”。由句意可知应选A项。,18. (2010全国卷)Mary
15、made coffee _ her guests were finishing their meal. A. so that B. although C. while D. as if,答案 C,19. (2010全国卷)The little boy wont go to sleep _ his mother tells him a story. A. or B. unless C. but D. whether,答案 B,20. (2010全国卷)Tom was about to close the windows _ his attention was caught by a bird.
16、A. when B. if C. and D. till,答案 A,21. (2010安徽)Just use this room for the time being, and well offer you a larger one _ it becomes available. A. as soon as B. unless C. as far as D. until,答案 A,22. (2010北京) _ they decide which college to go to, students should research the admission procedures. A. As
17、B. While C. Until D. Once,答案 D,23. (2012北京)When deeply absorbed in work, _ he often was, he would forget all about eating or sleeping. A. that B. which C. where D. when,答案 B 解析 句意：通常情况下，当他沉浸在工作中时，他会忘了吃饭和睡觉。which引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作表语，代替整个主句的内容。,24. (2012湖南)Care of the soul is a gradual process _ even t
18、he small details of life should be considered. A. what B. in what C. which D. in which,答案 D 解析 句意：关爱心灵是一个逐渐的过程,在此过程中我们应当考虑到生活中一些小的细节。先行词为process。在定语从句中作状语，故用“介词+关系代词(in which)”来引导定语从句。,25. (2012江西)By 16：30， _ was almost closing time，nearly all the paintings had been sold. A. which B. when C. what D.
19、 that,答案 A 解析 分析句子结构可知，nearly all the paintings had been sold是主句，which引导的非限制性定语从句修饰前面的时间，which在从句中作主语。,26. (2012陕西)It is the third time that she has won the race， _ has surprised us all. A. that B. where C. which D. what,答案 C 解析 句意:这是她第三次在比赛中获胜，这使得我们都很吃惊。which引导非限制性定语从句，代指前面整个句子的内容。,27. (2012浙江)We l
20、ive in an age _ more information is available with greater ease than ever before. A. why B. when C. to whom D. on which,答案 B 解析 句意：我们生活在一个比以往更容易获得信息的时代。when引导的定语从句修饰先行词an age, when在从句中作时间状语。,28. (2012重庆)Sales director is a position _ communication ability is just as important as sales skills. A. whi
21、ch B. that C. when D. where,答案 D 解析 句意：销售总监是一个交际能力和销售技巧同等重要的职位。故选D项。“ _ communication ability is just as important as sales skills”在句中作定语，修饰先行词a position，先行词在定语从句中作状语，相当于in which,故where符合题意。,29. (2011新课标全国)The prize will go to the writer _ story shows the most imagination. A. that B. which C. whose
22、D. what,答案 C 解析 句意：奖品将发给故事最能展示其想象力的作者。whose引导定语从句，且在从句中作定语，修饰story; whose story相当于the story of whom。,30. (2011山东)The old town has narrow streets and small houses _ are built close to each other. A. they B. where C. what D. that,答案 D 解析 句意：这座老城镇拥有狭窄的街道和坐落在一起的矮小的房子。分析句子结构可知，空格处及后面部分为定语从句，先行词为small hou
23、ses, that代替先行词，引导定语从句且在定语从句中作主语。they, what不能引导定语从句。where引导定语从句时在句中作地点状语。,31. (2011福建)She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students _ allows them to communicate freely with each other. A. which B. where C. what D. who,答案 A 解析 句意：她拥有为她的学生创造一种允许他们互相自由交流的气氛的天赋。分析句子结构可知， _ allows them to com
24、municate freely with each other为atmosphere的定语从句，且从句中缺少主语，故用which引导。where在定语从句中作地点状语；what不能引导定语从句；who在定语从句中不能指代物，故均不能选用。,32. (2011福建)It was April 29, 2011 _ Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony. A. that B. when C. since D. before,答案 B 解析 句意：2011年4月29日，
25、威廉王子与凯特米德尔顿步入了婚礼殿堂。分析句子结构可知，April 29,2011为定语从句的先行词，从句缺少时间状语，故用when引导。此题易误选A项that,认为这是强调句型“It is / was+被强调部分+ that .”的应用。若选that的话，April 29,2011前要加介词on。,33. (2011江苏)Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _ the audience can buy ice-cream. A. when B. where C. that D. which,答案 A 解析 句意：演唱会的两
26、部分之间有一次中场休息，在此期间，观众可以去买冰激凌。分析题干的句子结构可知，空格处及后面的部分为非限制性定语从句。when引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作时间状语，修饰先行词an interval(间歇期间)。where在定语从句中作地点状语；句中没有与之相匹配的表示地点的先行词；that不能引导非限制性定语从句；which可以引导非限制性定语从句，但在从句中作主语或宾语，此从句中并不缺少主语或宾语。,34. (2011安徽)Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _ it will keep for two or th
27、ree weeks. A. when B. which C. where D. while,答案 C 解析 句意：任何剩下的东西也许都可以放进冰箱，在那里可以保存两到三周的时间。由引导词前面的逗号判断，这是一个非限制性定语从句，而while是不能引导定语从句的；先行词refrigerator不是时间名词，也不能选用when; which可以引导非限制性定语从句，但which本身充当从句的主语或宾语; where表示“在那里”，可以引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中作地点状语，因此选C。,35. (2011北京)Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to
28、 the others, _, of course, made all the others upset. A. who B. which C. what D. that,答案 B 解析 句意：玛丽对杰克要比对其他人好，这当然令其他人不快。分析题干可知，本题为非限制性定语从句，关系代词指代整个主句的意思，故选项B正确。who引导定语从句时指人; what不能引导定语从句; that不能引导非限制性定语从句。,36. (2011陕西)I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends, _ we enjoyed a splendid view o
29、f the lake. A. which B. where C. who D. that,答案 B 解析 句意：我和我的朋友们一直走到了山顶，在那里我们欣赏了湖的美景。关系副词where引导非限制性定语从句，并在定语从句中作地点状语，先行词为the top of the hill。定语从句中不缺少主语和宾语，所以排除A、C、D三项。,37. (2011大纲全国)Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, _ is a stupid thing to do in such weather. A. this B.
30、 that C. what D. which,答案 D 解析 句意：泰德仅穿着短裤和T恤来过周末，在这种天气下这样做真愚蠢。which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语。this, what不能引导定语从句；that不能引导非限制性定语从句。,38. (2011四川)The school shop, _ customers are mainly students, is closed for the holidays. A. which B. whose C. when D. where,答案 B 解析 句意：这个学校商店，其主要顾客是学生，因为放假暂停营业。根据句子结构及句意可确定该题考查
31、定语从句。which引导定语从句，充当从句的主语、宾语或表语；whose充当定语从句的定语，根据句意确定此选项符合要求；when和where分别充当定语从句中的时间状语和地点状语，不符合句意和语法需要。,39. (2010重庆) In China, the number of cities is increasing _ development is recognized across the world. A. where B. which C. whose D. that,答案 C 解析 whose在此引导定语从句，并在从句中作定语，先行词为cities, whose developmen
32、t相当于the development of the cities。,40. (2010天津) Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut? You should try the barbers _ I go. Its only 15. A. as B. which C. where D. that,答案 C 解析 where引导限制性定语从句并在从句中充当地点状语，定语从句修饰先行词the barbers，即“我去的那个理发店”。,41. (2010山东)Thats the new machine _ parts are too
33、 small to be seen. A. that B. which C. whose D. what,答案 C 解析 句意：那是台新机器，它的零件小得都看不到。修饰的先行词the new machine，且在从句中作定语，所以用whose。,42. (2010陕西) The old temple _ roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair. A. where B. which C. its D. whose,答案 D 解析 先行词the old temple和定语从句中的主语roof是从属关系，所以要用关系代词作定语。关系代词作定语时
34、有“whose+n.”“the+n.+of which”或“of which十the+n.”三种结构，这里是第一种结构。若用另外两种结构，应该是the roof of which或of which the roof。,43. (2010全国)As a child, Jack studied in a village school, _ is named after his grandfather. A. which B. where C. what D. that,答案 A 解析 定语从句在逗号之后，可判断为非限制性定语从句。先行词a village school在定语从句中作主语，因此用关系
35、代词which，故选A。,44. (2010四川)After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling, _ turned out to be a wise decision. A. that B. which C. when D. where,答案 B 解析 which在此引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面句子的内容。句意：大学毕业后我抽出一部分时间去旅游，事实证明这是一个明智的决定。,模拟预测 1. (2013合肥模拟)Mrs. Black had such a wonderful time _ she vis
36、ited her friends in Sydney last year. A. when B. that C. which D. as,答案 A 解析 考查连词。句意：去年布莱克夫人去悉尼看望她的朋友时玩得很快乐。when引导时间状语从句。,2. (2013淄博模拟)Although he knew little about the field， he succeeded _ others failed. A. which B. that C. what D. where,答案 D 解析 考查连词。句意：尽管他对这个领域了解不多，别人失败的地方他却成功了。where引导地点状语从句。,3.
37、(2013上海模拟)We all know the truth _ there is air， water and sunlight， there are living things. A. in wherever B. where C. that where D. that,答案 C 解析 句意：我们都知道这个事实：有空气、水和阳光的地方就有生物。that引导的从句跟truth是同位关系，在同位语从句中where引导地点状语从句，答案选C。,4. The more things a man is interested in， _. A. the more he has opportuniti
38、es of happiness B. the more opportunities of happiness he has C. the more opportunities of happiness does he have D. much more opportunities of happiness he has,答案 B 解析 考查the more ., the more .,两个句子中均用陈述语序。,5. Paul isnt as _ as Sandy. He often makes mistakes in his homework. A. careless B. more care
39、ful C. more careless D. careful,答案 D 解析 考查连词。as . as意为“和一样”，表示同级的比较。使用时要注意第一个as为副词，第二个as为连词。其基本结构为：as+adj. / adv.+as。,6. _ you use the Internet a lot， especially to download a large file, the increased speed may be a big benefit. A. Until B. Although C. Whether D. If,答案 D 解析 考查连词。句意：如果你经常用电脑，特别是下载大型
40、文件，速度的加快可能是最大的好处。if引导条件状语从句。,7. I suggest buying her a Teddy Bear for her birthday. _ someone else brings the same present? A. If B. What C. What if D. How about,答案 C 解析 考查连词。根据前句句意“我建议她生日时给她买个泰迪熊。”可知答案选C，意为“如果将会怎么样?”，表条件的假设关系。,8. You can fly to London this evening _ you dont mind changing planes in
41、 Paris. A. provided B. except C. unless D. so far as,答案 A 解析 考查连词。provided“只要”，引导条件状语从句。except“除了”；unless“除非”；so far as“据；就”。,9. Too high house prices can be brought under control, _ the authorities introduce a series of regulatory policies. A. even if B. as if C. so that D. provided that,答案 D 解析 考查
42、状语从句。句意：如果当局采取一系列调整措施，过高的房价就能够受到控制。provided that引导条件状语从句，意为“如果；条件是”，符合句意。even if“即使;尽管”；as if“如同;好像”，so that“为了;以至于”，均不合题意。,10. (2013吉林模拟)You will succeed in the end _ you give up halfway. A. even if B. as though C. as long as D. unless,答案 D 解析 考查条件状语从句。句意：你最终会成功的，除非你半路放弃了。even if“即使”；as though“好像”；
43、as long as“只要”；unless“除非”。,11. We can easily become unhappy _ we work out our problems in our daily life. A. after B. if C. until D. unless,答案 D 解析 考查连词用法。句意：在日常生活中，如果我们解决不了问题，我们很容易变得不高兴。unless=if . not“如果不”；after“在之后”；if“如果”；until“直到(为止)”。,12. (2013烟台模拟) Have you made any plan for the coming Spring
44、 Festival? I dont mind what to do _ theres less homework from the teachers and more pocket money from my parents. A. as long as B. as far as C. now that D. in order that,答案 A 解析 考查条件状语从句。答语句意：我不介意干什么，只要老师布置的作业少父母给的压岁钱多就行。as long as“只要”；as far as“就”；now that“既然”；in order that“目的是”。,13. Would you plea
45、se remind me of the appointment this Saturday _ I forget it? Sure. A. even if B. in case C. or D. but,答案 B 解析 考查状语从句。根据题干的语境可知是让别人提醒自己记住周六的约会。in case“以免”。,14. (2013蚌埠模拟)Goals have to be realistic _ students can reach them and feel a sense of achievement. A. so long as B. so that C. now that D. even
46、though,答案 B 解析 考查目的状语从句。句意：目标必须要实际以便学生们能实现并有成就感。so that引导目的状语从句。so long as“只要”；now that“既然”；even though“即使”。,15. My mother likes everything in order， and she always reminds us to put things back _ we get them from. A. so that B. in which C. once D. where,答案 D 解析 考查地点状语从句。句意：妈妈喜欢井然有序，她总是提醒我们把东西放回到我们取
47、东西的地方。根据句意，选D。so that“为的是;因此”；once“一旦”；in which不能引导状语从句。,16. (2013烟台模拟)I could sense that the manager wasnt satisfied with our work _ he didnt say anything. A. if B. unless C. although D. when,答案 C 解析 考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管经理什么也没说但我知道他对我们的工作不满意。although“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。,17. _ ， the guards will stand in their positions to make the staff working in the building safe. A. However cold is it B. However cold it is C. However is it cold D. However it is cold,答案 B 解析 考查让步状语从句。句意：无论多么冷，保安都会站在他们的岗位上确保大楼内工作人员的安全。however引导让步状语从句，表示“无论”，后接形容词或副词，且应用陈述语序，故选B。,
