1、大学英语语法讲义十四,名词性从句典型错误例析,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1. Can you tell me how many students are therein your class?2. I dont know where has he gone.3. The owner of the shop came to see what was the matter.,Can you tell me how many students there are in your class?,I dont know where he has gone.,The owner of the s
2、hop came to see whatthe matter was .,规律一：名词从句中须使用陈述语序！,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律： 4. We suggested that we would go to the cinema.5. My idea is that we must do our homework first.6. His proposal that we went there on foot isacceptable.,We suggested that we (should) go to the cinema.,My idea is that we (shoul
3、d) do our homework first.,His proposal that we (should) go there on foot.,规律二：注意虚拟语气的使用！,问题：此类虚拟语气有哪些关键词？,suggest, order, demand, request, desire, insist, require, decide, determine, advise, recommend, deserve (值得提及) 后需用 should 型的虚拟语气,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律： 7. If we will have a meeting hasnt been decide
4、d yet.8. It depends on if the weather is suitable for us to do it.9. The question is if he himself will be present at the meeting.10. He asked me if I could go with him or not.,Whether we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.,It depends on whether the weather is .,The question is whether he hi
5、mself will be present .,He asked me whether I could go with him or not.,规律三：4种情况只能用whether ：（1）位于句子开头； （2）前面有介词； （3）引导表语从句； （4）与or not连用。,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律： I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books. 2. That is hard to decide when and where we will held our sports meeting. 3
6、. Everybody considers it impossible which he wants to finish the job in such a short time. 4. It doesnt matter that you will come or not.,it,it,that,whether,规律四：主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况下可以借助 “it” 而后置。,名词从句与定语从句的主要区别,成分上的区别：名词从句和定语从句分别在句中充当什么样的成分？,1. How the prisoner escaped remains a mystery. 2. I wonder whe
7、ther/if he is fit for the job. 3. The problem is who will be equal to the task. 4. He had no idea whether we could overcome the present difficulties or not.,主语,宾语,表语,同位语,5. I visited the country which/that had been bombed by the US-led NATO (美国为首的北约) a month before 6. I shall never forget the years
8、when I lived in the countryside with the farmers, which has a great effect on my life. 7. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 pm., by which time many people have gone home. 8. I had never seen such a good film as I watched last night.,结论一：名词从句充当句子的主要成分；定语从句充当句子的修饰成分。,辛苦了,GG,MM,2
9、.,1. That he came back made us very happy. 2. Im sorry (that) Ive made a mistake. 3. The fact is that his bark is worse than his bite. 4. Word came that he would come to see us all.,5. He made another wonderful discovery, which I think is of great importance to science. 6. Kennedy and Johnson, both
10、of whom were murdered in their terms, once co-worked as president and vice-president 7. The Oscar is one of the film prizes that have not been offered to any Chinese actor or actress by far 8. The Oscar is the only one of the film prizes that has not been offered to any Chinese actor or actress by f
11、ar,9. The days are gone forever when we used foreign oil. 10. As we all know, China is a developing country. 11. This is the village where my father once livedfor several years. 12. 1980, when Chinese government began its reform, is an important year for China.,结论二：定语从句的引导词在语义上 具有指代先行词的作用。名词从句的引导词不具
12、备此功能。,3. 关于that:that 在名词从句和定语从句中各起什么作用？,1. He pretended (that) he didnt see me. That she lost her necklace on the way home made her so worried. It is necessary that we should learn a second language. 4. It is said that he works hard at English.,问题：that 作何成分？,The school that my sister studies at is f
13、ar fromhere. The first request that he made was to ask forfreedom. 7. It was said that that was all that he said. 8. Is this the house that you have bought yourself?,(which),(which),问题：that 作何成分？,结论三：名词从句中的 that 只起引导词的作用， 无任何意义。定语从句中的that 在从句中充当主语或宾语， 有时可以与 which 互换。,4. 引导词的不同：不会出现在名词从句中的关系词：不会出现在定语
14、从句中的关系词：,as, 且 when, where 等不能与 in/on/at which 互换。,whether, if, what, how,5、名词从句与定语从句的一些对应关系：1. He has done what he can to help me.-He has done _ _ he can to help me. What I want to say has nothing to do with it.-_ _ I want to say has nothing to do with it.,all that,All that,3. Whoever breaks the la
15、w is to be punished. _ _ breaks the law is to be punished. 4. He will give the dictionary to whoever needs if most. He will give the dictionary to _ _ needs it most. 5. Well remember whomever we turned to for help. Well remember _ _ we turned to for help. 6. They will do whatever he wants them to do
16、. They will do _ _he wants them to do. 7. Ill read whichever book you give me. Ill read _ of the books _ you give me.,Anyone who,anyone who,Anyone (whom),anything that,any,that,6、其余问题：,1. 误：I dont know if he comes back this month.2. 误：I have no idea what had happened when I was away.,正：I dont know i
17、f he will come back this month.,正：I have no idea what happened when I was away.,3.误：The reason is because he is ill.4.误：Who leaves last turns off the light.,正：The reason is that he is ill.,正：Whoever leaves last turns off the light.,名词性从句试题集锦 1.I ask her _ come with me. A. if she will B. if will she
18、C. whether will she D. will she 2._ he said is true. A. What B. That C. Which D. Whether 3.Can you tell me _? A. who is that gentleman B. that gentleman is who C. who that gentleman is D. whom is that gentleman 4.He didnt know which room _. A. they lived B. they lived in C. did they live D. did they
19、 live in 5.To get the job started, _ I need is some money. A. only what B. all what C. all that D. only that 6.I have no idea _ far the railway station is from here. A. what B. how C. its D. that,7.Can you tell me _ the railway station? A. how I can get to B. what can I get to C. where I can got to
20、D. where can I get to 8.Do you know _? A. what is his name B. how is his name C. what his name is D. how his name is 9._ you have done might do harm to other people. A. That B. What C. Which D. This 10.They have no idea at all _. A. where he has gone B. where did he go C. which place has he gone D.
21、where has he gone 11.They want to know _ do to help us. A. what can they B. what they can C. how they can D. how can they 12.These photographs will show you _. A. what our village looks like B. what does our village look like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like,13.Can you
22、 make sure _ the gold ring? A. where Alice had put B. where had Alice put C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put 14.No one can be sure _ in a million years. A. what man will look like B. what will man look like C. man will look like D. what look man like 15._ the 2012 Olympic Games will be he
23、ld in London sucessfully is not known yet. A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That 16.Go and get your coat. Its _ you left it. A. there B. where C. there where D. where there 17.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray. A. while B. that C. if D. for 18._ he said at the meeting astonished everyb
24、ody present. A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter,19. Do you remember _ he came? Yes, I do. He came by car. A. how B. when C. that D. if 20._ we cant get seems better than _ we have. A. What ; what B. What ; that C. That ; that D. That ; what 21._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather
25、. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where 22.It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 23. I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. Is that _ you had a few days off? A. why B. when C. what D. where 24.These wild flowers are so
26、 special that I would do _ I can to save them. A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever,25._ you dont like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether 26.You cant imagine _ when they received these nice Christmas presents. A. how they were excited B. how excited they were C. how e
27、xcited were they D. they were how excited 27._ caused the accident is still a complete mystery. A. What B. That C. How D. Where 28.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. _ I got wet through. A. Its the reason B. Thats why C. Theres why D. Its how,29.It was a matter of _ would take the position. A
28、. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever 30._ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. A. Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever 31.It was _ he said _ disappointed me. A. what ; that B. that ; that C. what ; what D. that ; what 32.Eat _ cake you like and leave the others for _ comes in late. A. any ; who B. every ; whoever C. whichever ; whoever D. either ; whoever,Good-bye!,
