1、形容词,形容词是用来描写或修饰名词或代词的一类词，表示事物的特征的词。e.g. long, hot ,empty, cheap, hungry, etc.,用来修饰动词、形容词、其它副词、名词词组及句子的词。,副词,1.形容词的位置：形容词作定语通常前置，但在下列情况下后置 1修饰some, any, every, nobody, thing, one等构成的复合不定代词时nobody absent, everything possible2以-able, -ible结尾的形容词可置于有最高级或only修饰的名词之后the best book available, the only solut
2、ion possible,3. alive, alike, awake, aware, asleep等作定语时后置the only person awake 4 .和空间、时间、单位连用时a bridge 50 meters long 5成对的形容词可以后置a huge room simple and beautiful 6形容词短语一般后置a man difficult to get on with,注意：多个形容词修饰同一个名词的顺序 限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老，颜色国籍跟材料，作用类别往后靠，（美小圆旧黄，中国木书房） 规则：限定语（The、A）+ 描绘性形容词 + size（小）+
3、 shape（形状）+ age（年龄、时间）+ color（颜色）+ origin（国籍、来源）+ material（材料）+ purpose（目的）+ 名词。,This _ girl is Lindas cousin. (北京卷) A. pretty little Spanish B. Spanish little pretty C. Spanish pretty little D. little pretty Spanish,1形容词+名词+ed kind-hearted 2形容词+形容词 dark-blue 3形容词+现在分词 ordinary-looking 4副词+现在分词 hard
4、-working 5副词+过去分词 newly-built 6名词+形容词 world-famous 7名词+现在分词 peace-loving 8名词+过去分词 snow-covered,9 数词+名词+ed three-egged 10数词+名词 twenty-year3.形容词（短语）作伴随状语 As he looked at the goat, it rolled over, dead. 当他看着山羊的时候，山羊翻了个身，死了。 Afraid of difficulties, they prefer to take the easy road.由于害怕困难，他们宁愿走好走的路,副词的分
5、类,1时间副词soon, now, early, finally, once, recently 2地点副词here, nearby, outside, upwards, above 3方式副词hard, well, fast, slowly, excitedly, really 4程度副词almost, nearly, very, fairly, quite, rather,5频度副词always, often, frequently, seldom, never 6疑问副词how, where, when, why 7连接副词how, when, where, why, whether,
6、however, meanwhile 8关系副词when, where, why,III. 形容词和副词的比较等级 形容词和副词的比较等级分为原级，比较级和最高级。比较级和最高级的构成一般是在形容词和副词后加-er和-est，多音节和一些双音节词前加more 和most。,同级比较时常常用 asas以及not so(as)as She is as tall as her mother.I am not as/ so good a player as you are. 双方比较，表示一方超过另一方时，用“比较级 （+ than）”的结构表示。要注意题干中将比较的另一方阴藏起来的情况。 This
7、picture is more beautiful than that one. I have never seen such a more interesting film (than this one).,表示一方不及另一方时，用“less + 原级 + than”的结构表示 This room is less beautiful than that one. 表示一方随另一方变化时用“the morethe more”句型 The harder you work, the more progress you will make 用比较级来表达最高级的意思 I have never spe
8、nt a more worrying day.我从来没有度过这样令人烦恼的一天。（意为：我度过了最为令人烦恼的一天。）,形容词和副词的原级用法,“形容词和副词的原级” 练习题,1.Tom is as_ as Mike. (tall),3.There are as _students in our school as yours. (many),2.Tom is three times as_ as Mike. (old),4.Tom doesnt sing as _ as Mike.(good),5.Our school is not so _ as yours.(big) 6. Footba
9、ll is not so _ as basketball in the USA. (popular),He is too young to join the army. = He _ _ enough to join the army. = He is _ young_ he cant join the army.,tall,old,many,well,big,popular,is young,so,that,形容词和副词的比较级用法,形容词和副词的比较级相关练习,1.Our school is _ than theirs. (big)2.This bridge is_ than that o
10、ne.(old) 3.Who writes _, Kate or Tom? (careful) 4.This park is less _ than that one. (beautiful) 5.The _ you work(hard),the _ you will learn.(much) 6.In spring, the days are getting _ and _. (long) 7.She is the_ of the two.(young) 8.The sun is a million times _ thanthe earth.(big),bigger,older,more
11、carefully,harder,more,longer longer,younger,bigger,beautiful,形容词和副词的最高级用法, “enough足够的”作定语时一般放在 中心词前；但作副词时只能后置。 We have enough food to eat. We dont have enough money to carry on the plan. Its warm enough. She is old enough to go to school. 即: enough +名词副词/形容词+ enough,“Enough”与形容词、副词连用,许多以前缀a-构成的形容词常
12、作后置定语，这样的形容词有：awake, alone, alive, afraid, alike, asleep等。 1.Do you know the man asleep over there? “asleep”做后置定语，修饰“the man ” 2.There were still three people aliveon the island. “alive”做后置定语，修饰“three people ”,有的词既是副词又是形容词,如:fast late hard early,Eg. They worked hard though it was hard work.,good的副词是
13、well,hard 既是形容词也是副词,作形容词是“困难的”，作副词是“努力地”。hardly的意思是“几乎不”的意思,它和hard没关系。,带有基数词的复合形容词的用法,The nine-year-old boy wrote an_ article, which I think excellent. A. eight-thousand-words B. eight-thousand-word C. eight-thousands-word D. eight hundred word,B,5.be/look/become/keep/taste/sound/feel/seem等系动词后接形容词做
14、表语. e. She is happy. Kate looks _(worry). She became _(angry) when she heard the news. The soup tastes _(good). The music sounds _(beautiful) and she sings _. (beautiful) Please keep _ (quiet)! She walked into the room _ (quiet).,系动词+形容词的用法,worried,angry,good,beautiful,beautifully,quiet,quietly,“带基数
15、词的复合形容词”的用法.带基数词的复合形容词的结构是 “基数词+名词” 构成,基数词和名词之间须用连字符号 ” ”。尽管基数 词为二以上，名词也不能用复数。,如：他有一个8岁的女孩。 1.He has _daughter. 2.从我家走路到学校要20分钟。,an eight-year-old,形容词转化为副词的特例 有许多副词是从形容词转化而来的。方法是在形容词词尾加上-ly。 如：carefully，badly，freely，slowly等，在变化时要注意词尾是y的，改y为i再加ly。如busy ，happy ，另外以e结尾的， 大部分直接加-ly。如：wide ,brave ,polite
16、 等。,如: truetruly，terribleterribly,gentle gently,busily,happily,widely,bravely,politely,还有几个特殊的要去e后再加-ly或y。,倍数的表达,肯定句中，用as+原级形容词+as The story is as interesting as the one you just told. 否定句中，用not as/so +原级形容词 +as Im not as/so busy as I used to be as much /many +n+as 和一样多的 比较级表示最高级的意义： 比较级+than+any ot
17、her+单数名词 all other+复数名词any of the other+复数名词anyone else any+ 单数名词(不同范围,Julia is taller than any other girl in her class. Julia is taller than all other girls in her class. Julia is taller than anyone else in her class.,二数词表达倍数： 常用5种句式： 倍数+asas We have produced three times as many computers as we did
18、 last year. 倍数+the size of 用法与 size 相同的名词常见的有weight, height, depth, width, age, length China is almost twice the size of mexico in area. 倍数+what 从句 The production is now three times what it was five years ago.,倍数+比较级+than 表示多几倍。 例如：地球的体积是月球的49倍。 The earth is 49 times as large as the moon. The earth is 48 times larger than the moon.,注意：1. 可以修饰比较级的词有：much, many, a lot, even, far, a bit, a little, still, yet, by far, any, a great deal； 2. 表示“最高程度“的形容词没有最高级和比较级。如：favourite , excellent, extreme, perfect，superior, junior等。,
