1、动词语态,动词的语态 语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。 主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；The cat caught the mouse.主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。The mouse was caught by the mouse 被动语态构成形式：用于十种时态。.,被动语态的用法：,1、当不知道或不必知道动作的执行者时，例：,2、当强调动作的承受者时，例：,3、下列动词附带状语修饰时，用主动形式表达被动含义：sell,read,wash,burn,clean,run,ride等，例：,Such films are produced for children.,The school is r
2、un by the trade union.,The telegram reads as follow.,4、当begin,end,stop,open,close,shut,operate等动词表示“开始，结束，关，停，转，启动”等意义时，主动形式表达被动含义。例：,The library closes at six p.m.,5、当break out, take place,shut off,turn off,work out等词组表示“发生，关闭，制订”等意义时，主动形式表达被动含义，例：,The plan worked out successfully.,6、当print,build,b
3、urn,show等词用于进行时态时，其主动形式表示被动含义，例：,7、seat,lose,charge,engage,drink,dress等词常用被动形式表示主动含义，例：,The film is showing in town.,The girl was lost in the woods.=The girl lose herself in the woods. The singer was dressed in white short skirt.=The singer dressed herself in a white short skirt.,典型考题,1）Your hair wa
4、nts_. Youd better have it done tomorrow. A. Cut B. to cut C. cutting D.being cut,C. 英语中 sth. Wants/ needs + doing 结构表示被动含义。,2）The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, _ and perfected now. developed B. have developed C. are being developed D. will have been developed,The teacher
5、asked the students to think by themselves. I have seen a chimp use a stick as a tool to eat termites. He told me when the accident happened. They should criticize me for that. We often refer to those books. The nurse takes good care of the children.,1.若宾语补足语是不带to 的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加“to“。此类动词为感官动词。
6、feel, hear, help, listen to, look at, make, observe, see, notice, watch,The teacher made me go out of the classroom. I was made to go out of the classroom (by the teacher). We saw him play football on the playground. He was seen to play football on the playground. 2.情态动词+ be +过去分词，构成被动语态 Coal can be
7、 used to produce electricity for agriculture and industry.,3.表示“据说“或“相信“ 的词组 believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand It is said that 据说 It is reported that 据报道 It is believed that 大家相信 It is hoped that 大家希望 It is well known that 众所周知 .,It is thought th
8、at 大家认为 It is suggested that 据建议 It is taken granted that 被视为当然 It has been decided that 大家决定 It must be remember that务必记住的是 It is said that she will leave for Wuhan on Tuesday,4.be supposed to 1. be said to 据说 He is supposed to have stolen $1,000. 2. 计划，安排 The train was supposed to arrive at 11:30,
9、 but it was 40 minutes late. 3. be not supposed to 表示不允许等 Youre not supposed to park here.,5. 动词get代替be There was a fight at the pub, but fortunately nobody got hurt. Did any of these houses get damaged in the storm last night,6.含有直接宾语和间接宾语的主动结构,变为被动结构时,可以将其中一个宾语变为主语,另一个保留不动.一般变间接宾语. My mother gave
10、me a pen. I was given a pen by my mother. A pen was given to me by my mother.,7.含有复合宾语的主动结构,变为被动结构时,可将宾语变为主语,宾语补足语保留不动. They call her Little Li. She is called Little Li. He told me to wait for you. I was told to wait for you.,8.短语动词的被动语态短语动词是一个不可分割的词组,不可丢掉末尾的介词或副词. They took good care of the childre
11、n. The children were taken good care of.,1)It is said that a new robot _by himin a few days. A) designed B) has been designed C) will be designed D) will have been designed 2)We are late. I expect the film _by the time we get to the cinema.A) will already have started B) would already have startedC)
12、 shall have already started D) has already been started,C,A,3) She will stop showing off if no notice_ of her. A) is taken B) takes C) will be taken D) has taken 4) Diamond _in Brazil in 1971.A) is found B) has been foundC) was found D) had been found,A,C,5)“Have you moved into the new flat?”“Not ye
13、t. The room_.” A) has been painted B) is painted C) paints D) is being painted 6) My pictures _until next Friday. A) wont develop B) arent developed C) dont develop D) won t be developed,D,D,7) Tim _since he lost his job three weeks ago.A) had been unemployed B) was unemployedC) has been unemployed
14、D) has unemployed 8) A great number of colleges and universities _since 1949.A) has been establish B) have been established C) have established D) had been established,C,B,9) Ill have to push the car to the side of the road because we _if we leave it here.A) would be fined B) will be fined C) will b
15、eing fined D) will have been fined 10)“_two tickets for the new play at the Grand Theatre on Saturday. Shall we go and see it together?”A) They have been given B) I have been given C) I am given D) They have given to me,B,B,11) The subject of these lectures _by the lecture committee.A) is announced
16、B) have been announcedC) are announced D) has been announced 12) I found an aspirin bottle _dropped on the floor of Davids room.A) was B) had C) had been D) is,D,C,13)The goods _when we arrived at the airport.A) were just unloading B) were just been unloading C) had just unloaded D) were just being
17、unloaded 14) If one _by pride, he will reject useful advice and friendly assistance.A) overcomes B) is overcomeC) has been overcome D) overcome,D,B,15) Most environment problems exist because adequate measures for preventing them _taken in the past.A) was not B) were notC) were not being D) had not
18、been 16) You ought to have put the milk in the refrigerator, now _sour.A) I smell B) it is smeltC) it smells D) it is smelling,B,C,17) After the race_, the celebration began.A) had been won B) is wonC) will be won D)has been won 18) He was here for a little while, but I dont know where he _now.A) is
19、 B) was C) had been D) has been,A,A,19) The young teacher has _ competent.A) been proved to be B) proved to beC) been proved D) proved being 20) Pluto, the outermost planet of the solar system, _photographically in March 1930.A) discovered B) was discoveredC) by discovery D) when discovered,B,B,21)
20、To get a better view of the stage, _.A)our seats had to be changed B) our seats were changedC) we had to change our seats D) our seats were changed by us 22) After synthetic_, engineers had a better choice of material.A) created B) has createdC) has been created D) had been created,C,D,24) Since 197
21、0, millions of enthusiasts _Vitamin C, which they believe can remedy the common cold.A) have taken B) have been takenC) have been taking D) have been taking,C,25) I dont remember _the chance to try this method.A)having been given B) to have been givenC)having given D) to have given 26) We could ask
22、someone to do the work privately without it_.A) know B) be knownC) being known D) to be known,C,A,27) The construction of the laboratory _by the end of next month.A) must be completed B) must have been completedC) will be completing D) will have been completing28) They would tell how the African _on
23、 a ship to an American port. A) was brought B) could have been broughtC) had been brought D) was to be brought,A,C,29) He does not possess a bicycle, this one he uses _to Peter.A) is belonged to B) belongedC) belongs D) is belonging 30) Negotiation _again with Moscow tomorrow, a great event will be
24、discussed then.A) is to be opened B) is on the point of openingC) is going to open D) opens,C,A,31) The reason for all the changes being made _to us yet.A) has not explained B) has not been explainedC) did not explained D) were not explained 32) Experiments in the photography of moving objects _in b
25、oth the United States and Europe well before 1900.A) were conducting B)were conductedC) had been conducted D) had conducted,B,C,33) When he turned the corner, he found himself _by a man in black.A) tailed B) been tailedC) was tailed D) had been tailed 34) A candidate for the democratic presidential
26、nomination _at this moment.A) is interviewing B) being interviewedC) is being interviewed D) interviewing,A,C,35) As we approached the work site, the workers were seen _the new house. A) building B) build C) built D) to build 36) As we know, all the regulations in school _.A) must keep to B) must be
27、 keptC) must keep D) must be kept up,A,B,37) The composition _any more. A) need not to be corrected B) doesnt need to be corrected C) doesnt need be corrected D) need not correct 38) The bank is reported in the local newspaper _in broad daylight yesterdayA) to be robbed B) to have been robbedC) robbed D) having been robbed,B,B,39) Hurry up, or the tickets _out by the time we get there. A) will have sold B) will sellC) have sold D) will have been sold 40) He cleaned the glasses carefully for fear that it _.A) was damaged B) should be damagedC) damaged D) would be damaged,D,B,
