1、1高中英语语法省略句 种类 例句 说明主语的省略Beautiful day (= It is a beautiful day), isnt it?Pity we live so far from the sea. (It is a pity we live so far from the sea.)谓语的省略-what do you think made Mary so upset?-Losing her new bicycle (made Mary so upset).有时也可省略整个句子的主语和谓语，只保留次要成分。She was poor but (she was) honest.-Di
2、d you know anything about the accident?-Not until you told me. (= I didnt know anything about it until you told me.)状语从句的省略Seen from the plane (when it is seen from the plane), the house looks like tiny toys.If (it is) possible, Ill go there with you.注意状语从句中的主语同主句主语的一致性。不定式的省略The boy wanted to ride
3、his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him not to. (not to ride his bicycle in the street.)-Alice, why didnt you come yesterday?-I was going to (come yesterday), but I had an unexpected visitor.若不定式后面是完成时，省略时应保留 have；不定式后含有动词 be 的结构时，也要保留 be 动词。-Did you tell him the news?-I ought to have (to
4、ld him the news), but I didnt know how to speak.-Are you an engineer?-No, but I want to be.、状语从句中的省略用法一、如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句的谓语含有 be 动词的某种形式（am/is/are/was/were），可同时省略从句的主语和 be 动词的某种形式。1、when，while 引导的时间状语从句e.g. Do be careful when (you are) crossing the street.When/While (I was) on my way to work, I m
5、et her.2、if，unless，once 引导的条件状语从句e.g. If (it is) properly treated, waste will do no harm to the environment.Ill not go to the party unless (I am) invited.Once (you are) caught stealing in a supermarket, you will be punished.3、though，although，whether，no matter whether/what/how/who 等引导的让步状语从句e.g. He w
6、as happy, though/although (he was) poor.Whether (she is) sick or well, she is always cheerful.No matter how/However hard the task (is), we must fulfill it in time.（注：从句的主语和主句的主语不一致时，只省略从句中的 be 动词形式）4、as if，as though 引导的方式状语从句e.g. He rubbed his eyes and yawned as if/though (he was) waking up after a
7、long sleep.2He stood up as if/though (he wanted) to leave.（as if/though + to do 表示一个将来的动作）二、than，as 引导的比较状语从句中的省略用法：当不同的主语进行比较时，一般省略从句中的谓语；当从句中的主语与谓语（be 动词除外）和主句中的主语与谓语相同时，通常省略从句中的主语和谓语，只保留比较部分。e.g. He is taller than his brother (is).I have as much as confidence in you as (I have confidence) in him.
8、三、以 if 从句为代表的状语从句中的特殊省略用法：通常省略了 it is，that is，there is/are 。e.g. If (it is) possible/necessary, this old temple will be rebuilt.If (that is) so, I will call you back at 5:00 pm.There are only a few books in our school library, if (there are) any.、定语从句中的省略用法关系词的省略 关系代词 that，which，whom 等在限制性定语从句中充当宾语且
9、不位于介词之后时，可以省略；in which 或 that 在先行词 way 后作方式状语从句时可省略。e.g. The man (that/who/whom) you visited last night is my grandpa.I dont like the way (in which/that) you treat the girl.、虚拟语气中 if 及 should 的省略1、当条件状语从句中有 were，had，should 等时省略 if，把它们提至句首，形成倒装句。e.g. If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my stu
10、dents.= Were I a teacher, I would be strict with my students.2、Suggest，insist，order，require 等表示建议、要求、命令的动词后接的名词性从句中，谓语动词常用“should+动词原形”，should 可以省略。e.g. The doctor suggested that he (should) try to lose weight.、不定式符号 to 的省略1、感官动词 see，hear，feel，watch 等和使役动词 have，make ，let 等后接不定式作宾语时，不定式省略 to。2、do not
11、hing but，cant help but 等结构常接省略 to 的不定式。e.g. We didnt do anything but stay at home watching TV yesterday.Hearing the news, she couldnt help but cry.3、在特定语境中为了避免重复，当不定式再次出现时，在want，wish，hope ，try，plan ，like ，love ，hate 后往往只保留 to，而省略后面的动词。但不定式后有 be，have 时，也保留 be 和 have。e.g. My parents encouraged me to g
12、o to college, but I didnt want to.、So 和 not 的替代性省略用于避免重复前面所说过的内容，替代词 so/not 替代肯定或否定的名词性从句。可与believe，do，expect ，fear，guess，hope，say ，speak，suppose，think ，Im afraid 等连用e.g. Do you suppose he is going to attend the meeting? I suppose not.、日常交际中的省略在情景会话中，答语常常省略不会引起歧义的主语、谓语或宾语部分，而只保留对方希望了解的内容。在复合句或并列句中，也
13、有省略主、谓、宾的情况。e.g. How many copies do you want? - (I want) Three copies, please.- Have you ever been to the Great Wall? - No, (I have) never (been to the Great Wall).3随讲随练1、Lucy ，could you please spare me a few minutes?_，but I hope “a few minutes“ wont turn into a few hours.A. It doesnt matter B. That
14、s kind of you C. Im afraid not D. I guess so2、Hey，taxi!_I want to go to the dentists.A. Good morning, sir. B. Nice to see you, sir. C. Where to, sir? D. What are you going to do, sir?3、The doctor expresses his strong desire that the patient_immediately.A. be operated on B. operated on C. was operate
15、d on D. would be operated on4、When he came back, he found the bag he had_over the seat was gone.A. left to hang B. left hanging C. left hung D. to leave hanging5、Liu Xiang spoke slowly to the Special Olympic competitors so as to have them_.A. understand him B. to be understood C. be understood D. to
16、 understand him6、Are there any English story books for us students in the library?There are only a few, _.A. if any B. if have C. if some D. if has7、Francis, _born in Kentucky, lived and practiced law in Missouri.A. was B. he was C. although D. but8、Does Betty know where her violin is?She saw somebo
17、dy walking off with one, but she doesnt know_.A. whose B. it C. whom D. which9、Arent you the manager?No, and I _.A. dont want B. dont want to C. dont want to be D. dont10、How are you getting on with your work?Oh, Im sorry. Things arent going so well as_.A. plans B. planning C. planned D. to plan11、W
18、hats the matter with you?I didnt pass the test, but I still_.A. hope so B. hope to C. hope it D. hope that12、The doctor did what he could _ the boy, but in vain.A. save B. to save C. saving D. saved13、You look happy today, Mary.I like my new dress and Mother _, too.A. likes B. does C. is D. do14、Wha
19、t happened to the boy? He was making so much noise.He wanted to play football, but his mother warned him _.A. not B. to C. not to D./15、_ for your brother, I would not have gone to see Mr. Wang.A. If it is not B. Were it not C. Had it not been D. If they were not参考答案：1-5 DCABA 6-10 ACACC 11-15 BBBCC4
