1、1,倒装句 (高三）,一、学习目标 按 “主语+谓语”这种顺序排列的句子是陈述语序.如果排列顺序变为”谓语(或谓语的一部分)+主语” 就是倒装句.,（一）、倒装句的类型 1. 完全倒装: 整个谓语移至主语前面叫完全倒装. Then came Mary and George. Have you any books on that subject? Here comes the bus. 2. 部分倒装:只把助动词,系动词或情态动词放在主语之前叫部分倒装. Has he gone to school? Is he your classmate? Can you finish the work in
2、 three days?,（二）、倒装句的用法 由于语法结构的需要而使用的倒装句 1) 用在疑问句中 Do you have an English class on Tuesday afternoon? Why are you so angry with him? 注: 以疑问词或有疑问词修饰的名词作主语的疑问句不倒装. Who was your geography teacher in Grade One?,2) 用在 “There be “结构中 There are different forms of energy. There stands a high building by the
3、 river.,3) 用在以here , there , now , then 等副词开头的句子中, here and there强调地点,用来引起人们的注意. 除then 开头的句子用过去时以外,其余均用一般现在时. 但是 如果主语是代词就不倒装. Here is a letter for you. There comes the bus. Now comes my turn. Here you are. There he comes!,4) 用在省略了if 的虚拟条件句中(把 were, had 或should移至主语前) Were I ( If I were) in your place
4、, I wouldnt give it up so early. Had I ( If I had ) known, I might have joined you in the discussion. Should you (If you should) be interested, I have a book on the subject you might like to see. 5) 用在一些表示祝愿的句子中 Long live the king!,6) 直接引语的全部或一部分放在句首时,引述动词和他的主语有时倒装 “ You have made great progress thi
5、s term.” Said our teacher. “ Mr Crossett,” said my father. “ will you permit an old pupil to shake hands with you?” 引述动词的主语是代词,或谓语较长,或引述动词后还带间接宾语时, 一般不用倒装句 “ What is your opinion?” I said. “My father is a labour hero.” Xiao Wang told me. “ Why did you join the Red Army? “ Chairman Mao asked me like
6、a school teacher questioning a pupil.,2,7)用在以so开头,表示谓语所述情况也适用于另一个人或另一事物的肯定句,表示”也一样”、“也这样”. 其句型为“So + be/have/情态动词/助动词+ 主语”。 He saw it , and so did I. They can swim now, so can we. 注: 如果后面的句子只是重复前一句话的意思而不表示另一个主体,不用倒装句 It was hot yesterday. So it was.,8) 用在以neither, nor, no more 开头的句子中,表示“ -也不这样” 其句型为
7、“neither/nor/no more + be / have/情态动词/助动词+ 主语” The first one wasnt good and neither was the second. He doesnt care much for sweets. No more do I .,为了加强语气而使用的倒装 1)用在以never, hardly, scarcely, not only, nor , seldom, little, rarely, nowhere, by no means, not until, hardly (scarcely)- when, no sooner-th
8、an等表示否定意义或半否定意义的副词或其词组开头的句子中. Never before have I met him. Hardly did I think it possible. Not only should we not be afraid of difficulties, but we should try our best to overcome them. Not until midnight did it stop raining. By no means will this method be satisfactory. No sooner had they got to th
9、e plant than they started to work.,2) 用在做频度状语often, always, once, many a time, now and again, every other day, every two hours 等, 方式状语thus及程度状语so等; 地点状语in the distance, in front of 等的几种副词或介词短语开头的句子中,常用倒装. Many a time has he helped me with my experiment.So busy is he that he had no time to spare.如果不是
10、特别强调可以不倒装,3)为了使句子更为生动,流畅,可把in, out , down, up, back, over, away, off之类的用做状语的副词放在句首, 采用完全倒装.句中的谓语动词多为行为动词,不及物. In came the teacher and the lesson began. Off went the horses. Down came the hammer and out flew the sparks. 主语是人称代词时,一般只将副词放在句首,主语和谓语位置不变. In he came and the lesson began.,4)在副词only和它所修饰的状语
11、一起放在句首时,用倒装语序.句形为 “Only +状语+部分倒装” Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work.Only in this way can we learn maths well. only不放在句首不倒装, only修饰的不是状语是主语时不倒装. Only the teachers are allowed to use this room. The aim was achieved only after a bitter struggle.,5) 用在强调表语的句子中 表语
12、提前,不是为了强调,而是使句子平衡,避免头重脚轻. Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man of great achievements. Great has been our achievements since liberation. 如果主语是代词,而代词又无较长的修饰语修饰时,则仅把表语提前,系动词不提到主语前. Terribly hot it certainly was. A very reliable person he is .,3,6) 用在某些让步状语从句中 在正式的文体中,从属连词as 用于特殊词序可以表示although，这种结构表示强
13、烈的对照. Tired as he was, he went on working. Cold as it was, we went out. Child as she is , she knows a great deal.,二、例题解析： 例1Not only _ this machine but _ it. A. can he runcan he repair B. can he runhe can repair C. he can runhe can repair D. he can runcan he repair,解析：该题答案为B，在not onlybut (also)句型中，只
14、有but前面的部分倒装，but后面仍是正常语序。,例2Only in this way _ to improve the situation there. A.can you hope B. you can hope C. hope can D. you hope,解析：该题答案为A，only放在句首修饰状语 时，须用倒装。,三、有效测试1. According to the periodic table(元素周期表),_ still some elements undiscovered.A. there seem to be B. it seems C. it seems to be D.
15、here seems A 2. _ got on the train when it started to move.A. Scarcely I had B. Scarcely had I C. No sooner I had D. No sooner had I B 3. If Bobs wife doesnt agree to sign the papers, _.A. neither he will B. neither wont he C. neither will he D. he wont neither C,4. _ from the tenth floor when the p
16、oliceman pointed his pistol at him.A. Jumped down the burglar B. Down the burglar jumpedC. The burglar jumped down D. Down jumped the burglar D 5. _, I would give it up early. A.Was I in your place B. I was in your place C. Were I in your place D. I were in your place C 6. So fast _that it is diffic
17、ult for us to imagine its speed.A. light travels B. travels the light C. do light travels D. does light travel D,7. Nowhere in the city _ such beautiful parks in London.A. do I see B. I have seen C. I see D. have I seen D 8. _ that they made it into a film. A. So great the success of the book was B.
18、 Was the success of the book so great C. So the success of the book was great D. So great was the success of the book D,9. By no means _look down upon the poor.A. we should B. should we C. ought we D. we shall B 10. At no time, neither today nor in the future, _look down upon education.A. will we never B. we will C. we should D. will we D,
