1、1/8一、人称代词初二英语专题讲义第十二讲 人称代词与感叹句单数 复数人称主格 宾格 主格 宾格第一人称 I me we us第二人称 you you you youhe himshe her第三人称it itthey them 人称代词主格：作主语，表示谁怎么样了、干什么了。例： I am a teacher.You are student.He is a student, too.We/You/They are students. 人称代词宾格作宾语，表示动作行为的对象。例： Give it to me.Lets go (lets =let us)2/8二、物主代词单数 复数人称类别 第一
2、人称第二人称 第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称形容词性物主代词 my your his her its our your their名词性物主代词 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs汉语 我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我们的 你们的 他们的 . 形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用，作前置定语，+名词前。例： 1) This is my book. 这是我的书。2) We love our motherland. 我们热爱我们的祖国。 . 名词性物主代词起名词的作用。名词性物主代词= 形容词性物主代词+名词例: 1) Look at the two p
3、encils. The red one is yours and the blue one is mine. = The red one is your pencil and the blue one is my pencil.看那两支铅笔，红的是你的，蓝的是我的。 2) He likes my pen. He doesnt like hers. = He doesnt like her pen. 他喜欢我的钢笔。不喜欢她的。 名词性的物主代词在用法上相当于省略了中心名词的 -s 属格结构。例如： Jacks cap 意为 The cap is Jacks. His cap 意为 The ca
4、p is his.3/8三、反身代词 人称 单数 复数第一人称 myself ourselves第二人称 yourself yourselves第三人称 himself, herself, itself themselves反身代词的用法:1、 反身代词不能作主语，但是它可以作主语同位语，放在主语后或句末。:如：我亲自去了电影院。误：Myself went to the cinema.正：I went to the cinema myself. 2、 反身代词可以作宾语的同位语。如：I wish I could hear Beethoven himself play this music.我希
5、望我能听贝多芬他亲自弹这首曲子。You can go and ask him himself.你可以去问他本人。 3、 反身代词可以作介词的宾语。如：Nobody, she learnt it all by herself.没人，她自学的。I mended the bike by myself.我独自修的自行车。She said to herself: ”whats wrong with my eyes?”她自言自语地说，“我的眼睛怎么啦？”Dont always think of yourself. 别总是想着你自己。 4、 反身代词作动词的宾语。一般放在像这样的动词的后面：enjoy, h
6、elp, hurt, teach, wash, look after, get dressed, buy 等。如：Did you enjoy yourselves at the weekend? 你们周末玩得开心吗？He teaches himself English at home.他在家自学英语. “Help yourselves to some fish .children。”“ 孩子们，随便吃一些鱼 。” He can buy himself a lot of nice things.他可以给自己买好多好东西。 5、反身代词可以作表语。如：Im not quite myself tod
7、ay. 我今天情绪不好。He doesnt seem himself this morning.今天上午他似乎不舒服。 专项练习一、用适当的人称代词和物主代词填空1. Your football clothes are on the desk. Please put _(they，them，their，theirs) away.2. (We，Us，Our，Ours)_ English teacher is Mrs. Green. We all like _(she，her ，hers).4/83. (I，Me ，My ，Mine)_ cant get my kite. Could you he
8、lp _(I， me，my，mine)?4. Tom cant get down from the tree. Can you help _(he，him ，his)?5. Her kite is broken. Can _(you，your，yours) mend it?6. We cant find our bikes. Can you help _(we，us，our，ours)?7. These are _(he，him，his) planes. The white ones are _(I，me，mine).二、单项选择。1. My family _ a big family. My
9、 family _all here.A. is, is B. are, are C. is, are D. are, is2. This is _.A. a picture of family B. a picture of my family C. a familys pictureD. a family of my picture3. Lets _ good friends.A. be B. are C. is D. am4. Is she your aunt? Yes, _.A. shes B. her is C. she is D. he is5. Are _ coats yours?
10、 Yes, they are .A. they B. these C. this D. there6. Is that _ uncle? No, it isntA. he B. she C. her D. hers7. Mrs. Green is _ grandmother.A. Jim and Kate B. Jim and Kates C. Jims and Kates D. Jim and Kates8. Do you know the name _Mr. Greens son?A. in B. of C. on D. or9. _ the great photo of your fam
11、ily.A. thank for B. Thanks for C. Thank for D. thanks for10. Are those your friends? _.A. Yes, theyre B. No, they are C. Yes, they are D. Yes, those are11. Those girls enjoyed _ in the party last night.A. them B. they C. themselves D. herself12. Help _ to some fish, children.5/8A. yourself B. your C
12、. yours D. yourselves13. I like watching _ in the mirror.A. me B. I C. my D. myself代名词 形容词用法单数 复数 单数 复数不定 another另一个others别人，其他人another（boy）另一个（男孩）other（ boys）其他男孩特定 the other另一个the others其余那些人物the other（boy）另一个男孩the other（ boys）其余那些男孩：英语中的不定代词：onethe other.,one.another., onethe other., Some.others.
13、, some.the others., one after another如:1.课桌上有两只钢笔,一只是莉莉的 ,一只是露西的.2.我不喜欢这个,请拿另一个给我看看.:another 意思:指三者或三者以上中的另一个,或在原来基础上增加一个。Others ：指除去一部分以后的另一些，但不是指剩下的全部。如：Some girls are singing under the big apple tree and others are sitting on the grass talking. You have had several cakes. Do you really want anoth
14、er one? -I want another four books.:another( 另外的,再一,又一)与 the other(另外的一个) 主要从数量上区分,只有两个时用the other,在原先基础上增加用 another。如： This is one of your socks. Where is the other one? I have eaten 4 cakes, but I still want another.:others 与 the others 的主要区别：others ：指除去一部分以后的另一些，但不是指剩下的全部。 ；the others ：则指除去一部分以后的
15、另一些，但是指剩下的全部。如：A few students are playing soccer while others are watching them./ Two of the ten boys are standing and the others are sitting round them.。如：His sister are both teacher。One is a Chinese teacher，and the other is a maths teacher。四、other, the other, another, others, the others 的区别6/8如：Re
16、menber not to tell others （other people ）my secret。同步练习：1.The man in the shop asked her to pay 300 yuan if she wanted to buy a better one。-She thought it was too expensiveA. another B. the other C. other D. others2.You only have one small bag ,kate.You need to buy for the trip.-That is a good idea .
17、 I think I will buy that red one.A. it B. the other C. another D. other3.Mike is taller than any boy student in his class.A. each B. other C. another D. one4.How many more oranges can I have？-You can have one more. are for TomA. The others B. Another C. Others D. The other5She asked me not to lend t
18、he book to .A.others B.the other C.another D.the others6Miss.White has two children is a driver ,and is a nurse.A.One : another B.One : the other C.One : other D.One :others（1）：感叹句用定义：感叹句指的就是用以表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子。英语的感叹句通常以 how 和 what 开头，其中 what 修饰名词， how 修饰形容词、副词或动词。根据感叹句的不同结构，我们可以将它归纳为以下句型（其中的“主语+谓语”通常可
19、以省略）：句型一：What +（a/an）+名词+主语+谓语！ 五、感叹句的五种常用句式7/8What a shame! 真倒霉! What a surprise! 真是没料到的事 ! What fools they are! 他们多傻啊 !What nonsense! 真是胡说八道 !注意：如果是单数名词，其前必须要有不定冠词；如果是不可数名词或复数名词，则其前不用不定冠词。由于第一、二句中的 shame 和 surprise 均为可数名词，其前面用了不定冠词；而第三句中的 fools 为复数名词，所以其前不用不定冠词；第四句中的 nonsense 是不可数名词，所以其前不用不定冠词。句型二
20、：What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+ 主语+谓语！ What a fine day! 多好的天气呀!What a slow train this is! 这列火车开得多慢呀!What clever boys they are! 他们是多么聪明的孩子啊！What beautiful weather we have! 天气真好! 注意：如果是单数名词，其前必须要有不定冠词；如果是不可数名词或复数名词，则其前不用不定冠词。由于第一、二句中的 shame 和 surprise 均为可数名词，其前面用了不定冠词；而第三句中的 boys 为复数名词，所以其前不用不定冠词；第四句中的 weather 是
21、不可数名词，所以其前不用不定冠词。句型三：How+形容词或副词 +主语+谓语！How nice! 多好呀! How well she plays! 她演奏得多么好啊! How beautiful the city is! 这座城市多么美丽！句型四：How +形容词+ a +单数可数名词+主语+ 谓语！How tall a boy he is! 他是一个多高的孩子啊 ! How interesting a story it is! 这是个多有趣的故事啊！注意：这类结构中的名词必须是单数可数名词，不能是复数名词，也不能是不可数名词，且名词前的不定冠词不能省略。句型五：How +主语+谓语！How
22、he worked! 他多么肯干啊! How I missed you! 我多么想念你啊! How he wished for a drink! 他多希望能有点东西喝!这类感叹句可为 how 的面省略了一个不言而喻的副词。如第一句可视为在 how 之后省略了副词 hard，第二、三句可视为在 how 之后省略了副词 much。（同步练习：1. Lilei runs！A .What fast boy B. What fast .C. How fast D.How a fast2. wonderful time we had！8/8A.How B. What a C. What D. How a3
23、. strong wind！A. How B. What C. What a D. How a4. sunny day！Lets go out for a walk。A.How B. How a C. What a D. What5.I miss you very much。 I want to see you！A. How B. How an C. What an D. What综合练习：1.Have you brought with you？ We wont have to come back-Dont worryAsomething B.anything C.nothing D.ever
24、ything2.We have five kinds of schoolbags . Do you like this one ?-No . Can you show me ?A.another B.each other C. the other D.others3.Han Meimei ，what about to eat ？A.everything B.something C.nothing D.anything4When shall we meet again ?-Make it day you like-It is all the same to me.A.one B.any C.an
25、other D.all5.The pears in my basket are small than in Jims .A.it B.that C.ones D.those6 isnt easy to learn a foreighn language well . But dont give it up .A.That B.While C.It D.This7This is an photo of when I was a child . Do you want to have a book ?-Yes . Id be happy to .A.me B.my C.mine D.I9/88.Could I have some milk ?-Certainly . Theres in the bottle .A.little B.a little C.a few D.few9. have a lot of work to do .A.He ,you and I B.You,he and I C.I ,you and he D,I ,he and you
