1、VTC-IVE(KC)CP-01601B/1D(06) CHUN Yik Chung October 2, 2008735ce5db68a17aa3c72af4ffc16a5d49.pdf 1/5IVE(KC Campus)ITA 01601B/1DEthics in IT 電腦倫理學 (10%)Computer Crime 電腦犯罪Computer crime is defined as any criminal act that is committed with the help of a computer.電腦犯罪行亦即任何利用電腦協助犯罪行為。Computer crime can b
2、e classified as:電腦罪行可分為 Computer-assistedcrime in which the computers are used to commit the crime; Computer-relatedcrime in which the computer are only coincidental.協助電腦罪行是利用電腦去犯案相關電腦罪行是指與電腦有關的罪行Computer crime can be classified according to the goal in five forms:根據其犯案目的，電腦罪行可分為:Theft of money 金錢盜竊
3、 Bank clerk deducts few cents from customer interest to his own account. Modify program instruction in the electronic funds transfer (EFT) system to transfer money to his own account. 例子: 銀行職員在客戶戶口利息中扣除小許尾數存口其個人戶口盜取金錢 例子: 修改電子轉帳系統程序將客戶存款存入自己個人戶口Theft of information 資料盜竊 hacking into other peoples co
4、mputer to get confidential data from business competitors. 入侵商業對手的電腦盜取商業機密資料Theft of goods changing deliever control database so that goods are delivered to another destination. modifying some data in stock inventory and steal the excessstock.VTC-IVE(KC)CP-01601B/1D(06) CHUN Yik Chung October 2, 200
5、8735ce5db68a17aa3c72af4ffc16a5d49.pdf 2/5IVE(KC Campus)ITA 01601B/1DEthics in IT 電腦倫理學 (10%)Sabotage Damage computer system or software from discontent staff or fired employee.Injection of viruses setting of purposefully hidden computer codes written to intentionally cause damage such as data loss,
6、system hang up, etc.Software copyright download software form internet without permission from owner.Factors Making Computer Crimes Difficult to handle:1. Large amount of money obtained in computer crime createdhigh-techand thite-collar criminals.2. There are a lot of ways to cover up computer crime
7、s.3. Not all organizations report computer crimes to avoid bad reputation of companies.4. Not up-to-date law cannot cover different form of computer crimes.Methods to avoid computer crime1. Employers past records should be examined closely and critically.2. Better security system to reduce opportuni
8、ties of employers to commit crime.3. Education staff about the important of security system and follow the security guide.4. Using audit control software and constant auditing.5. Shorten time for setting and passing laws against new computer crimes.6. More severe punishment should be imposed on comp
9、uter criminals.VTC-IVE(KC)CP-01601B/1D(06) CHUN Yik Chung October 2, 2008735ce5db68a17aa3c72af4ffc16a5d49.pdf 3/5IVE(KC Campus)ITA 01601B/1DEthics in IT 電腦倫理學 (10%)Software CopyrightSoftware copyright is a form of legal protection that grants certain exclusive rights to the author of a program or ow
10、ner of the rightTypes of Copyright Software:Copyrighted freeware: usually a not-yet-made-perfect software and no charge in copying and using. The authors want to have comments and recommendations form the public. After all the bugs are fixed and improvements, they will become a license to use copyri
11、ghted software.Copyrighted shareware: is a kind of software that is offered to anyone to copy and try out. Users and download and use the software for a limited period of time. After that time the software will not function and users have to pay for the licensed copy.Copyrighted with license softwar
12、e: is a kind of software that user have to pay for the right of using the software under certain restrictions eg. Single-user license, group-user license, site license, network license.VTC-IVE(KC)CP-01601B/1D(06) CHUN Yik Chung October 2, 2008735ce5db68a17aa3c72af4ffc16a5d49.pdf 4/5IVE(KC Campus)ITA
13、 01601B/1DEthics in IT 電腦倫理學 (10%)Software PiracySoftware piracy is the illegal copying of copyrighted software for unauthorized use.The following activites are illegal:1. copy and distribute a software without permission form the copyright owner.2. copy the documentation manuals of a software witho
14、ut permission from the copyright owner;3. install or run a purchased software with an individual user license in two or more computers;4. loan software to make copy;5. fail to report to law enforcement agencies about against software piracy activites.VTC-IVE(KC)CP-01601B/1D(06) CHUN Yik Chung Octobe
15、r 2, 2008735ce5db68a17aa3c72af4ffc16a5d49.pdf 5/5IVE(KC Campus)ITA 01601B/1DEthics in IT 電腦倫理學 (10%)ReferencesAssociation for Computing Machinery (http:/www.acm.org/about/code-of-ethics)British Computer Society - Ethics Section(http:/www.bcs.org/server.php?show=nav.9369)Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility (www.cpsr.org)Free Trial Software Download Site ()Intellectual Property Department (http:/www.ipd.gov.hk/)Office of the Privacy Commissioner for Personal Data, Hong Kong (http:/www.pcpd.org.hk/)
