1、第一学期： 本学期的教学内容：张汉熙主编的高级英语第一册的1至8单元，共72学时。 教学安排：本学期共需学习8个单元，平均每个单元约需9课时。其中背景知识介绍、 相关文化知识介绍及文章结构概述约需1学时，课文讲解约需5学时，课后练习约需3学时。 教学要求：要求学生课前对每个单元的相关文化背景知识作必要的了解，预习课文；练习用英语对词语、句子进行释义；认识和辨别课文中出现的各种修辞手法；了解英语中各种文体的作用和特点；在老师指导下分析、欣赏文章的写作技巧、文章的结构、语言特点；学会查找参考书，并自己动手写注释、做笔记等。,高级英语课程教案课程基本内容和学时分配：,Lesson One,The M
2、iddle Eastern Bazaar,Teaching Aims 1. To appreciate the detailed description of the Middle Eastern bazaar 2. To try to learn the writing skills in describing the bazaar 3 To learn the language points, esp. main words and phrases 4. To learn to paraphrase some important sentences Major Teaching Point
3、s 1. Background Information 2. Detailed Study of the Text 3. Rhetorical devices 4. Exercise,Part One Background Information This piece is taken from the book Advanced Comprehension and Appreciation Pieces for Overseas Students. It was prepared by L. A. Hill and D. J. May and published by the Ox-ford
4、 University Press in 1962. The author in his introduction states: “This third book is intended for students preparing for the Cambridge Certificate of Proficiency Examination, and for students in the top class of secondary schools or in the first year of a university course.“,I . Additional Backgrou
5、nd Knowledge 1. Middle Eastern Countries 2. Architecture of Gothic Style II . Introduction to the Passage 1.Type of literature: a piece of objective description 2.The purpose of a piece of objective description: -to record and reproduce a true picture with opinions and emotions of the author exclude
6、d 3. Ways of developing a piece of objective description: -to begin with a brief general picture, divide the object into parts and organize the detailed description in orderof space,III . Effective Writing Skills 1. making effective use of specific verbs 2. using adjectives accurately 3. using five
7、human senses-hearing, smelling, seeing, tasting and touching to make the description vivid 4.using rhetorical devices properly IV . Rhetorical Devices 1. simile 2. metaphor 3. assonance 4. onomatopoeia,V . Special Difficulties 1. paraphrasing some sentences 2. translating some paragraphs 3. identify
8、ing figures of speech VI . Questions 1. What is a bazaar? Can you name some of the Middle Eastern countries in which such bazaars are likely to be found? 2. Name all the markets in the bazaar. What kind of economy do you think they represent? Give facts to support you r view. 3. What scene do you fi
9、nd most picturesque in the bazaar? Why?,Background Information,A bazaar is an oriental market-place where a variety of goods is sold. The word perhaps comes from the Persian word bazar,The Detailed Study Of The Text,Para.1: The entrance of the bazaar Para.2: The cloth market Para.3&4: The order of t
10、he day Para.5&6: The copper-smiths market Para.7: The several other markets Para.8&9: The oil mill,Paragraph One: The Entrance of the Bazaar,The text The central idea Language points Paraphrase,The Central Idea,In this paragraph, the author gives a brief description of the dark, crowded and noisy at
11、mosphere of the bazaar.,1.How do you think the bazaar can take you back to the aged time? (Because it was possibly built centuries ago, the architecture was ancient, the bricks and stones were aged and the economy was a handicraft economy which no longer existed in the West.),The bazaar takes you ba
12、ck hundreds even thousands of years because it was possibly built centuries ago, the architecture was ancient, the bricks and stones were aged and the economy was a handicraft economy which no longer existed in the West.,2. The one I am thinking of particularly is entered . . . : 1) is entered . . .
13、 : Why is the present tense used here?,Language Points,2) Gothic哥特式的: of a style of building in Western Europe between the 12th and 16th centuries, with pointed arches, arched roofs, tall thin pillars, and stained glass windows. aged: having existed long; very old,The present tense used here is call
14、ed “ historical present”. It is used for vividness.,3. You pass from the heat and glare of a big open square into a cool, dark cavern 1) Here “the heat” is contrasted with “cool, glare with “dark“, and “open square” with “cavern”. 2) Do you know the difference between “contrast” and “comparison”? 3)
15、 What is the purpose of the author to use “cavern” here to describe the bazaar?,(“Cavern” here does not really mean cave or an underground chamber. From the text we can see it is a long , narrow, dark street of workshops and shops with some sort of a roof over them.),4) In front of the gateway there
16、 is a big, open square. It is hot there and the brightness of the sunlight is most disagreeable. But when you enter the gateway, you come to a long, narrow, dark street with some sort of a roof over it and it is cool inside.,1.,4. Which extends as far as the eye can see: The words eye and ear are us
17、ed in the singular not to mean the concrete organ of sight or hearing but something abstract; they are often used figuratively. Here the eye means mans power of seeing or eyesight. e.g. 1) She has an eye for beauty. (She is capable of recognizing and appreciating beautiful things.) 2) She has an ear
18、 for music. (She is sensitive to music.) 3) The boy has a sharp eye. (He overlooks nothing.) 4) The big poster caught my eye. (my attention) 5) Keep an eye on that mischievous boy. (Keep a watch on him.) 6) to turn a blind eye to sth or sb 7) to turn a deaf ear to sth or sb,5. Little donkeys . . . e
19、ntering and leaving the bazaar. Do you think it is ok to replace “throngs“ with “crowds“ in this sentence? Why?,Losing itself in the shadowy distance: The place is dark, so when the street is long, objects in the distance become unclear and indistinct,e.g. The crowd jammed the hall. Throngs circulat
20、ed through the street, or throngs gathered.,The words ”entering” and “leaving” go with the word ”throngs” which differ from “crowds” in that it carries a stronger implication of movement and of pushing and a weaker implication of density.,6. The roadway is about twelve feet wide, but it is narrowed
21、every few yards by little stalls where goods of every conceivable kind are sold.,thread ones way 小心，缓慢地挤过move through a place by carefully going around things that are in your way 例: She came towards me, threading her way through the crowd.,roadway: (the roadway) the middle part of a road where vehi
22、cles drive e.g. Dont stop on the roadway; go to the side.,stall: small, open-fronted shop, table etc. used by a trader in a market, on a street. e.g. a book stall; a flower stall,The small shops lining the street try to expand their shop space by encroaching on the street, so the street becomes narr
23、ow every few yards.,goods of every conceivable kind: goods of every kind you can think of e.g. People of every conceivable age, nationality; buildings of every conceivable shape,The din and makes you dizzy: din: loud, confused noise that continues The noun “din” is followed by three “of” phrases. Th
24、e expression “crying ones ware” is now considered old fashioned. wares: rather literary, meaning articles for sale, usu. not in a shop. e.g. the baker traveled round the town selling his wares.,本句采用排比的手法，结构平衡而且简练，绘声绘色地描述了一幅集市里嘈杂热闹的景象。,7. clear a way: remove those that occupy, or restrict passing 例:
25、The cleared a way through the ruins and carried the injured person onto the ambulance. 8. would-be: someone who hopes to have a particular job or intends to do a particular thing ; likely, possible 例: The Drama Centre is a great help for all would-be actors and actresses.,The loud, confused noise of
26、 continues without interruption and makes you feel mentally confused.,Paraphrase,1.The bazaar takes you back hundreds -even thousands -of years because it was possibly built centuries ago, the architecture was ancient, the bricks and stones were aged and the economy was a handicraft economy which no
27、 longer existed in the West. 2. In front of the gateway there is a big, open square. It is hot there and the brightness of the sunlight is most disagreeable. But when you enter the gateway, you come to a long, narrow, dark street with some sort of a roof over it and it is cool inside. 3. The place i
28、s dark, so when the street is long, objects in the distance become unclear and indistinct.,Paragraph Two: The Muted Cloth-market,In this paragraph the author introduces the muted cloth-market and its sepulchral atmosphere,1. penetrate: force a way into 例: Government agents have penetrated the terror
29、ist organization .,Language Points,2. Then as you penetrate . . . muted cloth-market: penetrate : to pierce or pass into or through. The word penetrate is used here to indicate that you have to pass through a big crowd in order to go deeper into the market. Why is the clothmarket muted?,It is muted
30、because the earthen floor deadens the sound of footsteps and people in the market speaks in low, soften tones.,3. The earthen floor . . . any sounds to echo: (translate into Chinese) 已经被无数双脚踩得坚硬夯实的泥土地面，缓和了脚步声；拱形的砖墙和屋顶也很难产生回音效果。,4. The noise of the entrance fades away: fade away: go slowly out of hea
31、ring; gradually disappear the same as “die away” 例: Their voices faded away as they moved off. 5. echo: send the sound back or make the sound repeated 例:a) The thunder echoed over the mountains. b) Our shouts echoed through the silent streets.,6. The shopkeepers speak in slow . . . follow suit: 1)me
32、asured : steady, slow and deliberate; rhythmical 2)sepulchral: suggestive of the grave of burial; dismal, gloomy 3)The buyers overcome by the grave-like atmosphere, also speak in slow, measured tones. Speak in a sepulchral tone:用低沉的语调说话,7. measure: a) To consider carefully the effect of 例: She worke
33、d very hard and didnt measure the cost to her health. b) measured: a slow and careful way of doing things 例: The Minister replied in his usual measured tone 8. follow suit: do the same thing as someone else has done 例: James went for a swim, and after finishing my drink, I followed suit.,Paraphrase,
34、1.Then as you pass through a big crowd and go deeper into the bazaar, the noise of the entrance go slowly out of hearing, and you come to the quiet cloth-market. 2.The shop-keeper speak in deliberately slow and rhythmical tones and the buyers, greatly affected by the gloomy atmosphere, do the same a
35、s the shopkeeper.,Paraphrase Three and Four: The Order of the Day,In this part the author gives a vivid description of the order of the day - bargaining.,Language Points,1. peculiarities: characteristics/features 例: The lack of a written constitution is a peculiarity of the British political system.
36、,2. knit: unit firmly and closely guild: n. society of people with similar interests and aims ( esp. one of the associations of craftsman or merchants in the Middle Ages.) (尤指中世纪的）协会，行会,3. line: form rows along 例: The street was lined with small shops.,4. order: the normal way of doing things/the pr
37、evailing state of things 例: His period was a building age, when competition was the order of the day.,5. (the) order of the day: 是一句习惯用语，意指在某个时间最普遍、很流行的事情、习惯、做法。 e.g. They failed to act since confusion was the order of the day at the headquarters. His period was a building age, when competition was
38、the order of the day.,6. price: v. ask the price of 例: Before buying the coat, why not price it in several shops, as the prices vary a lot for the same coat?,7. narrow down: reduce the number of 缩小（范围，数字等） 例: Over a hundred applicants will be narrowed down to a shortlist of five candidates.Please na
39、rrows downs the topic of your speech to avoid waste of time.,8. beat town: bargain with (seller), causing seller to lower price （与卖主）往下砍价 e.g. Its necessary to know how to beat down the price when bargaining.,9. It is a point of the last moment: a point of honor: something considered important for o
40、nes respect a point of honour 指关系到面子和自尊的重要事情，这里指在讨价还价中能否占上风。 What it is: “ what it is” means “which (thing) in particular”. The words “it is” are added to show emphasis.What it is she really likes what she likes in particular, 这里的it is 表示强调。这一句和下面几句都是讲的在集市上讨价还价的技巧和策略，语言简练生动，方法也很实用。,10. to make a poi
41、nt of doing sth: regard or treat it as necessary. e.g. The teachers make a point of setting strict demands on the students. Tourists to Beijing make a point of visiting the Great Wall. To realize our goal of the four modernizations, we make a great point of learning the strong points of all nations
42、and all countries, learning all that is genuinely good in the political, economic, scientific and technological fields and in art and literature.,It is considered important for the self-respect with the customer not to let the seller know what she really wants until the last time ( of buying).,yield
43、 little: refuse to reduce the price by any significant amount,and that he is sacrificing this because of his personal regard for the customer: He is selling the thing at less than its cost because he respect the customer.,12. depriveof: prevent sb. from having sth. 例: A lot of these children have be
44、en deprived of a normal home life.,Here protesting can be replaced by insisting, meaning affirming strongly. The seller thinks it is necessary for him to declare that the price he is asking makes it impossible for him to gain any profit.,with the customer coming and going at intervals: the customer
45、bargains for some time, then leaves (hoping to frighten the seller that he might lose the customer ) and comes back again after a period of time and carriers on the bargaining .,Paragraph five and six The Picturesque Copper-smith Market,In this part the author presents a picturesque description of t
46、he copper-smith market, with its pleasing sounds, slightly light and the dazzling display of merchandise.,Language points,1.picturesque: striking, vivid 例: Behind the mountain is a quiet fishing village with a picturesque harbor. impressive: deeply impressing mind or senses, esp. so as to cause appr
47、oval or admiration.,As you approach it on your ear: When you come to near to the copper-smiths market, you can hear a succession of ringing sounds, loud sounds which are made by violent blows and broken confused noises ( when metal objects strike together). (当你走近铜器市场时，充盈于耳际的便是一连串的铜器的叮叮当当声，巨大的硑硑作响声和铿
48、锵刺耳的撞击声。）tinking, banging, clashing 都使用了拟声词（ononmatopoeia) 这一修辞手法，用对声音特质形象的模拟给予读者生动的听觉感觉，使读者如身临其境，亲耳听到一般。,2.impinge (on): have an effect (on); strike 例: At times of crisis, my work schedule inevitably impinges on my private life.,3.It grows louder lamps and braziers: It becomes louder and clearer un
49、til you make a turn in a corner. Then you can see quick bright lights moving up and down as the reflections of the unsteady lights from the countless lamps and braziers thrown on the polished copper. 响声变得越来越大，越来越清晰，直到你转过一个拐角，光亮的铜器映照出无数闪亮的明灯与火钵，映到眼前是一片流光飞舞，奇异绚烂，好一个仙境。）,在It grows中，it 指代前一句中的 the tinkl
50、ing and banging and clashing; distinct (not only clear, but easily heard, clearly marked, distinguished apart from other sounds.)不仅仅表示声音清晰，还暗含很容易听见辨认，具有独有的特点，从而很容易与其他声音区别开来。句中的dancing flashes，burnished copper 以及innumerable lamps and braziers 共同组成了一幅美妙神奇的图画，带给读者无限美丽的遐想和动人的视觉意象。其中catch the light of 是“反射，映照”的意思。,
