1、智课网 TOEFL备考资料托福写作技巧之灵活运用词汇摘要： 词汇是文章最基本的组成元素，考生想要更好地完成托福写作内容，就应该掌握好基本的词汇内容。托福 写作反映了考生综合运用英语语言的能力，只有在宏观和微观两个方面都把握得当才能构成一篇完美的托福作文。这里的宏观是就一篇文章的框架结构而言的，而微观是指一篇文章的语篇要素，即文章中表达意义的微观单位，包括单词、短语和句子。灵活地运用词汇能够更好地优化文章的内容，从而所以，小编接下来要和大家分享一下 托福写作 词汇的灵活使用技巧。写作中用词不准确是很容易犯的毛写作中用词不准确是很容易犯的毛病，good, terrible, see, nice,
2、kind something等词汇在学生作文中反复出现。这些词本身并没有问题，是英语常用词，但是它们表达的意思过于模糊，很多情况下，应该使用意义更加准确的词。况且，学生老是使用这几个词会给人以表达形式单调，词汇量贫乏，文章缺乏感染力的印象。下面的一些例子，通过换用一、两个准确生动的词语或是运用一些固定搭配及习语就使整个句子增色不少。1.Original: Solving trivial problems in the dorm will add your social experience and help you to understand other peoples feelings an
3、d learn to be kind。Revised: Solving trivial problems in the dorm will enrich your social experience and help you to understand other peoples feelings and learn to be considerate。亮点评析add，kind 表达的含义都比较宽泛。add可以指数量上的增加，也可以指程度的加强，对于 “丰富经验、增加知识” 这个意思，用enrich 会使表达更准确。kind从字面意义上讲是“好的、善良的”，用kind来形容人无法具体地表现出一
4、个人的性格特征到底怎样，原句中是想表达“考虑周到、体贴入微” 的特点，要准确表达这个含义应选择considerate。2. Original: Science and technology have greatly influenced our lives and our society is changing very rapidly。Revised: Science and technology have come to pervade every aspect of our lives and, as a result, society is changing at a speed wh
5、ich is quite unprecedented。亮点评析greatly，rapidly属于常用词，表示程度高、速度快，这样的词在表达效果上不够具体，缺乏说服力，在修改后的句子中用了pervade every aspect of our lives就具体生动地表现出科技的影响力到底有多大，其影响力已渗透到我们生活的方方面面，at a speed which is quite unprecedented意为“以一种前所未有的速度”，形象地道出了变化速度之快。3. Original: Young people tend to think that real life is as nice an
6、d interesting as it is in the novels and movies, while more experienced adults think this kind of naive daydream will only be destroyed by later experiences and everyone should learn to get used to common everyday life。Revised: Young people tend to think that real life is as dramatic and fascinating
7、 as it is in the novels and movies, while more experienced adults think this kind of naive daydream will only be destroyed by later experiences and everyone should learn to get used to tedious everyday life。亮点评析nice，interesting ，common 都属于普通词汇，用到句子中也显得平淡苍白。 nice的意思是“好的，令人愉快的” ，interesting 是“有趣的” ，这两
8、个词都不能准确地描绘出年轻人所憧憬的美好生活，句中想表达的是年轻人认为生活如同小说、电影一般充满戏剧变化，激动人心，要体现这层含义应该用dramatic，fascinating。dramatic表示“刺激的，戏剧性的，给人深刻印象的”，fascinating 表示“ 具有强烈吸引力的，迷人的，使人神魂颠倒的”，这两个词的程度要比nice，interesting深得多，表现力也更强。原句用common表达实际的现实生活的枯燥无味是不准确的，common的意思是“普通的，平常的”，普通平常的东西不一定是枯燥的，tedious是表示“(因过长、过慢或单调) 令人厌倦的，烦人的” ，恰好传达出现实生活
9、由于琐碎和重复而变得索然无味这种含义。4. Original: You should compete to live in this society。Revised: You should compete for survival; otherwise, you will be thrown out of the tide of society。亮点评析原句平平淡淡，只是告诉人们要在社会立足，必须竞争，但这样一句简单的劝告似乎缺乏说服力，修改后的句子用了compete for survival，为了生存而竞争，而且后面又添加了一个并列分句，补充说明了如果不compete的后果就是be thro
10、wn out of the tide of society，被社会的浪潮所淘汰，使用这些更加具体深刻的词汇能够形象生动地表现出竞争的惨烈。5.Original: I really believe that smoking is harmful to peoples health。Revised: I have a profound conviction that smoking is harmful to peoples health。亮点评析conviction的意思是“ 坚定的看法或信仰 ”，have a profound conclusion表示对某种看法深信不疑，作文中提出观点的句子用
11、 have a profound conclusion会比用believe态度更坚决，立场更鲜明，而且believe这个词非常简单，是英语初学者就应掌握的词汇，换成have a profound conclusion立即增加了句子的复杂程度，体现了较强的语言运用能力。类似的提出观点的表达还有：I hold a point of view thatI hold the opinion that6.Original: We know that sometimes success is measured by how much money you earn。Revised: It does not
12、surprise us to discover that sometimes success is measured in terms of the money you earn。亮点评析如上句的believe一样， know也是非常初级的词汇，作文中出现I believe that，I know that这样的表达只能体现考生写作技巧的稚嫩，用It does not surprise us to discover that替换We know that并没有改变原句的含义，却使全句顿时增添了亮点。7.Original: We all know that most factories would
13、 be of no use if there were not clean water supply。Revised: It goes without saying that most factories would be of no use if there were not clean water supply。亮点评析同上例一样，know这样的初级词汇应避免在作文中使用，It goes without saying that是一个固定结构，意思是“是不言而喻的”，常在作文中用来引经据典或表明一个尽人皆知的道理，类似的表达还有：An old saying goes thatProverb
14、goes thatIt is universally acknowledged thatIt is generally accepted that8.Original: Some other people think that people should read extensively。Revised: Another position says that people should read extensively。亮点评析同 know，believe一样，think 也应该尽量避免使用，修改后的句子中是用Another position says that代替think 提出另一种观点，
15、也可以用hold a point of view，hold the opinion这样的短语替换。9.Original: The unexpected win of the match give us confidence。Revised: The unexpected win of the match boost our confidence。亮点评析give也属于英语中最初级、最基本的词汇，只表示“给，给予”这个动作，不涉及动作的性质和状态，若表示增添信心，增强士气，比较地道的说法是用boost confidence/morale，如：The change of management ha
16、s boosted morale throughout the company. 管理模式的改变使整个公司上下士气倍受鼓舞。10.Original: The use of drugs has increased greatly in the last ten years。Revised: The use of drugs has increased significantly in the last ten years。亮点评析greatly是一般用语，表示程度高，“很，非常” ，使用相当普遍而没有新意，在写作中应尽量避免使用这些通俗而又陈旧的词汇，应换用一些更加正式，更有说服力的词语，例如significantly表示达到了非常重要的或可观的程度，“ 重大的，可观的”，能够具体说明药品使用方面，增长幅度巨大。significantly 还可以替换成considerably，tremendously等，同样具有不错的表达效果。以上就是托福写作中词汇使用的技巧，要想得到托福高分，单词的多样性和新鲜程度也是必不可少的，所以日常的积累是十分必要的。祝大家 托福考试 顺利!相关字搜索： 托福写作词汇
