1、高考英语单项选择题-马春阳1.名词知识点归纳1. 不可数名词：专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词重点、难点：（1）有些抽象名词如：education, surprise, interest, pleasure, wind, success 等，在其前面 可加 a 或an，表示一种，尤其在被形容词或其他修饰语修饰时，如：Many people agree that a knowledge of English is a must in international. (NNET96)Work is a pleasure to him.（2） much/little/some/any/to +物质名词的组
2、合形式（3）抽象名词: youth, beauty, fun, power, news, pollution, advice 等。2. 可数名词的复数重点、难点：（1）只有复数形式的名词：trousers, glasses, thanks, clothes, compasses, remains, ashes, contents, goods 等.（2）单复数同形：sheep, deer, means, fish, works, Yuan(元), Jiao（角）, Fen（分）,Jin, Mu 等.（3）表示“某国人”时，因习惯不同而异，如： a Chinese- two Chinesea S
3、wiss- three Swiss (以-ese, -ss 结尾的民族名词单复数同形)a German two Germansan American three Americansan Englishman - five Englishmen（4）有些名词的复数形式可以表示特别的意义， 如：papers 报纸 ，文件 manners 礼貌 works 工厂，著作 goods 货物 looks 外表 glasses 眼镜hairs 几根头发 times 时代sands 沙滩，沙地 drinks 饮料（5）有些物质名词以复数形式出现，表示不同类 别，如：teas（各种茶）,silks（各种丝绸）
4、fruits（各种水果）3名词所有格重点、难点：（1）共有与不共有：Jane and Marys room (is)Janes and Marys books (are)（2）表示“某人家”、“店铺”：Mr. Greens at the tailors（3）无生命名词所有格结构：of+名词the gate of the school（4）有些表示时间、距离、国家、团体、机构等 无生命东西的名词，也可以加s 来构成所有 格，如： todays newspaperten minutes walkChinas industry（5）在表示所属物的名称前有冠词、数词、不定 代词或指示代词时，常用双重所
5、有格来表 示，如： a friend of my fathers/his that book of Li Mingstwo friends of my brothers 4. 高考考点分析：名词是高考常考内容之一，近几年试题中出现的考点主要 有： 名词复数形式、不可数名词辨认、抽象名词转化为普通名词，dozen 和 score 等名词一体化、名词做定语、双重所有格 等, 其中抽象名词最难 掌握，现归纳如下： （1） 与动词构成的短语，如：lose heat, make progress, make peace, make use of, make room for, make fun of,
6、take charge of take aim（瞄准）, take care, , take delight in（喜欢）, take pride in ，take effect（见效）, take interest in, take trouble to do sth.（不躲避麻烦）, do harm to, pay attention to 等短语中的名词为抽象名词，不与冠词和人称连用。（2） 在 of +抽象名词的短语中，相当于形容词，表示主语或所 修饰的名词具有的性质和特征，如：The dictionary is of great use. = The dictionary is ve
7、ry useful.（3） 用在 to +ones + 抽象名词的短语中，表明主句的主语喜、怒、哀、乐、惊讶等情感的变化，如：to ones joy, to ones shame, to ones delight, to ones surprise, to ones disappointment, to ones annoyance（令人烦恼的）（4） 与介词搭配构成短语，相当于副词的作用，如：with ease = easily, with care =carefully, with anger = angrily, with confidence = confidently, with p
8、ride = proudly, in earnest = earnestly（5） 有些抽象名词一般为不可数名词，但有时有些抽象名词可以用做可数名词，使抽象概念具体化，如：A. He is a teacher of 5 years experience.（经验）Our journey to Africa was quite an experience. （经历）B. Many thanks for your kindness in seeing me off at the airport. （善意）He has done two or three personal kindnesses to
9、the society. （善举）C. He was filled with joy. （快乐）My children are a great joy to me. （一件喜事）D. If you dont take more exercise, you will get fat. （锻炼）You should do the exercises at page 5. （习题）E. She learnt to swim at once, she seems totally without fear. （恐惧）Your fears that he would get lost were unnec
10、essary. （担心）F. Dont help me out of pity, but only if you think I deserve it. （怜悯）What a pity it is too cold to go swimming. （一件憾事）G. It has been a pleasure to talk with you. （令人愉快的事）I take little pleasure in such things. （快乐）练习一 仿真高考题 (定时 10 分钟)(1) Dick, Ive got a new job!-Oh, _!A. celebration B. ce
11、lebrations C. congratulation D. congratulations(2) _ came that a train accident happened last night.A. A word B. The word C. Word D. Words (3) -He is studying for _ degree.A. a doctors B. the doctors C. doctor D. the doctor(4) Its cold here. _ do you need to keep warm for the winter?A. How many wood
12、 B. How many woods C. How much woods D. How much wood (5) - _ away is it from her home to your school?- Its about _ drive.A. How long; a half B. How far; half an hoursC. How long; half an hour D. How far; a half hour(6) Its good to your _ to change another _ every two weeks.A. tooth; tooth-brush B.
13、teeth; teeth-brushC. tooth; teeth-brush D. teeth; tooth-brush(7) Oh, John, _ you give us!A. how a pleasant surprise B. how pleasant surpriseC. what a pleasant surprise D. what pleasant surprise(8) He left _ with my secretary that he would call again in the afternoon. He said he would keep _.A. words
14、; his words B. word; his word C. word; work D. the word; his word(9) You should do more _. Dont always sit at the desk busy doing your _.A. exercise; exercises B. exercises; exercise C. exercises; exercises D. exercise; exercise(10) Where are _ sold?- In the new store.A. men and childs shoes B. mens
15、 and childrens shoesC. men and children shoes D. mens and childs shoes(11) It wont make much _ whether you will bring me your new novel? A. trouble B. difference C. troubles D. differences(12) This is an old photo of my aunts when she had _, and now she has _. A. short hair; grey hairs B. short hair
16、s; grey hairC. short hair; grey hair D. short hairs; grey hairs(13) How was your recent visit to Qingdao? - It was great. We visited some friends and spent the - _ days at the seaside.A. few last sunny B. last few sunny C. last sunny few D. few sunny last(14) _ are not allowed to drive on their own.
17、A. Learners drivers B. Learner drivers C. Drivers of the learner D. Drivers of the learners(15) If we had followed his plan, we could have done the job better with _ money and _ people.A. less, less B. fewer, fewer C. less, fewer D. fewer, less (16) _ food youve cooked!A. How a nice B. What a nice C
18、. How nice D. What nice (17) Alex has offered to take us in his car.- What wonderful _!A. report B. news C. fact D. result(18) Mike and Johns _.A . father is a teacher B. fathers are teachers C. father are teachers D. fathers are a teacher( 19) -What were you doing at the foot of the hill then?- Oh,
19、 a composition about _.-Again, youre to write _ composition.A. 800-words, 800-word B. 800 words, a 800-wordC. 800-word, 800-words D. 800 words, an 800-word(20) The _ of the examination show that you have all made great _.A. result; progress B. results; progressC. result; progress D. results; progres
20、ses练习二 近十年高考题 （定时 10 分钟）(1) If these trousers are too big, buy a smaller _.A. set B. one C. copy D. pair(2) Miss Smith is a friend of _.A. Marys mothers B. Marys mother C. Mothers D. Mary mothers(3)Three students _ acted in the play.A. Teacher Lis B. of Teacher LiC. of Teacher Lis D. Teacher Lis of(
21、4) Shortly after the accident, two _ police were sent to the spot to keep order.A. dozen of B. dozens C. dozen D. dozens of(5) He dropped the _ and broke it.A. cup of coffee B. coffees cup C. cup for coffee D. coffee cup(6) If by any chance someone comes to see me, ask him to leave a _. A. message B
22、. letter C. sentence D. notice(7) Tables are made of _.A. wood B. woods C. wooden D. some woods(8) “I wonder whose bicycle it is.”“It might be my _.”A. neighbours B. dear neighbour C. neighbhour D. neighbours(9) _ turn green in sping.A. Leaf B. Leafs C. Leave D. Leaves(10) Father went to his doctor
23、for _ about his heart trouble.A. an advice B. advice C. advices D. the advices(11) We have worked out the plan and mow must put it into _.A. Fact B. reality C. practice D. deed(12) Weve missed the last bus. Im afraid we have no _ but to take a taxi A. way B. choice C. possibility D. selection(13) He
24、res my card. Lets keep in _.A. touch B. relation C. connection D. friendship(14) He gained his _by printing _of famous writers.A. wealth, work B. wealths, works C. wealths, work D. wealth, works(15) Ill look into the matter as soon as possible. Just have a little _.A. wait B. time C. patience D. res
25、t (16)Youll find the map of great _ in helping you to git round London.A. price B. cost C. value D. usefulness(17) -Who did you spend last weekend with?- _.A. Palmers B. The Palmers C. The Palmers D. The Palmers(18) We all know that _ speak louder than words.A. movements B. performances C. operation
26、s D. actions (19) My parents always let me have my own _ of living.A. way B. method C. manner D. fashion(20) The new law will come into _ on the day it is passed. A. effect B. use C. service D. existence二 、冠词和数词知识点归纳1、 不定冠词 a, an 的用法2、 定冠词 the 的用法难点：在表示发明物的单数可数名词前加定冠词 the，表示此类事物，如：The compass （指南针）w
27、as invented in China four thousand years ago.3、 不用冠词的几种情况难点： 在季节、月份、星期、节日、假日、一日三餐名称前一 般不加，但下列情况需加，如：the Spring Festival, the Mid-Autumn Festival , a hurry breakfast（有形容词修饰） 名词前头物主代词、指示代词、不定代 词、名词 所有格等限制修饰时，如：This book belongs to me.Todays Peoples Daily. 在与 by 连用的交通工具名称前，如 by car/bus/plane，但必须说 take
28、a car/come in a boat/on the train。 在 turn，go（变成，成 为）后面的名词做短语时，名词前不加冠词，如：He was a physics teacher before he turned writer.He has gone socialist.但 become 后面的名词前要加冠词，如：He has become a soldier. 像 那样的人、地或事物，如：I wish to be an Edison.He is a Lei Feng of our class.名叫 的人，如：A Green is waiting for you. 做“人类”讲时
29、，同 human, mankind 一样，不用冠词, 如：Man has existed for thousands of years. 作 为头衔、 职业 在句子中做主 语补足语、 宾语补足语或 同位语时，如：In 1860 Lincoln was elected President of the USA.4注意的几种情况、1、 有无冠词的意义不同A. in hospital（住院）in the hospital（在医院里）B. at table（在吃 饭） at the table（在桌子旁边）C. out of question（不成问题；可能地）out of the question（
30、成问题；不可能地）D. few people（极少数人；没几个人）a few people（几个人）E. This is a most interesting book.(a most = very)This is the most interesting book.（the most:最高级）(2) 当单数可数名词被 so, as how, too 等词修饰 时，冠 词 的位置要放在形容词后面，如：I have never seen so good a film as this one.This is too small a room for five of us.但当单数可数名词 such
31、 等词修饰时，冠词的位置应放在形容词前面，如：It is such a lovely day that we all want to go out for an outing.4. 数词难点：（1）表示年代：in the 1990s/1990s（2）与基数词合成的复合宾语：an eight- year-old boy = a boy of eight years old（3）编号的表示法：Part one = the first part（4）分数表达法： one third two thirdsone (a) halfone (a) quarter5、 高考考点分析：冠词规则的灵活运用是高考
32、命题的一个热点，数词则应注意它的正确表达及主谓一致。练习一：高考仿真题（共 20 题，10 分钟）1. Bill Clinton took _ office on January 20th, 1993, and became _ 42nd Us President.A. the; 不填 B. 不填; 不填 C. an; the D.不填;the 2. Would you please read _ once more?A. the first and the last sentences B. first and last sentences C. the first and last sen
33、tences D. first and last sentence3. When she finished _, she began working for _.A. a school; newspaper B. the school; the newspaperC. school; a newspaper D. schools; newspaper4. Wed better go by _ taxi if we can get _ taxi at such _ hour as 2 a.m.A. /; /; / B. the; /; a C. the; a; an D. /; a; an5.
34、Dont tell _ lie. Tell _ truth, please.A. a; the B. the; a C. a; a D. the; the6. Xiao Wang, _ Smith is waiting for you at _ school gate.A. the; the B. the; / C. a; / D. /; the 7. Many _ scientist wants to be _ Second Newton.A. a; the B. a; a C. /; a D. /; the 8. There are forty-five students in our c
35、lass, _ are girls.A. five-ninth of which B. five-ninths of themC. five-ninths of them D. five-ninths of whom9. I would have paid _ for my car if the salesman had insisted because I really wanted it.A. as much twice B. much twice C. twice as much D. two times10._ Europe and _ America are separated by
36、 _ Atlantic Ocean.A./; /; the B. the; the; the C. /; /; / D. the; the; /11.What _ terrible life people in the small island lived at that time!A. What B. How C. What a D. How a12.Things of _ kind come together; people of _ kind fall into _ same group.A. the; the; the B. a; a; the C. the; the; a D. a;
37、 the; the 13.That is not our house. It belongs to _.A. the Turners B. the Turners C. the Turners D. Turners14._ twenty-fifth of December is _ Christmas Day.A. The; a B. The; the C. A; the D. The;/15.Every few _ along the Great Wall there are some watch towers.A. hundreds metres B. hundreds of metres
38、 C. hundred metres D. hundreds of metres16.He served in the army in _, when he was in _.A. 1940s; his twenties B. 1940s; the twentiesC. the 1940s; his twenties D. the 1940s; the twenties17.He has been here for _.A. two and a half months B. two and half a monthC. two and the half months D. two and a
39、half month18.Lesson 12 is _ most difficult lesson, but it isnt _ most difficult lesson in Book One.A. a; a B. the; a C. a; the D. the; /19.She was told to take _ medicine three times _ day.A. /; a B. the; a C. a; the D. the; /20.Three years later that wild field _ the theatre.A. turned a B. become a
40、 C. became D. turned练习二 近十年高考题（1981-2001 年）1. My father told me he was soon going to visit _.A. the United State B. the United States C. United States D. United State2. Have you ever seen _ as tall as this one?A. a tree B. such tree C. an tree D. tree3. Alice is fond of playing _ piano while Henry i
41、s interested in listening to _ music.A. /; the B. /; / C. the; / D. the; the 4. Beyond _ stars, the astronaut saw nothing but _ space.A. the;/ B./; the C. /; / D. the; the 5. Alexander Graharm Bell invented _ telephone in 1876.A./ B. a C. the D. one6. Wheres Jack?-I think hes still in _ bed, but he
42、might be in _ bathroom.A. /; / B. the; the C. the; / D. /; the 7. Many people are still in _ habit of writing silly things in _ public places.A. the; the B. /; / C. the; / D. /; the 8. She is _ newcomer to _ chemistry but she has already made some important discoveries.A. the; the B. /; / C. a; / D.
43、 /; the 9. Id like_ information about the management of your hotel, please.A. some; a B. an; some C. some; some D. an; a10. Many people agree that _ knowledge of English is a must in _ international trade today.11. Have you seen _ pen? I left it here this morning.-Is it _ black one? I think I saw it
44、 somewhere.A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a12. Two _ died of cold last winter.A. hundreds old people B. hundred old peopleC. hundreds old peoples D. hundred old peoples13. The hero of the story is an artist in his _.A. thirtieth B. thirty C. thirtys D. thirties14. Shortly after the accident,
45、two _ police were sent to the spot to keep order.A. dozen of B. dozens C. dozen D. dozens of 15. Paper money was in _ use in China when Marco Polo visited the country in _ thirteenth century.A. the; / B. the; the C. /; the D. /; /16. It is not rare in _ that people in _ fifties are going to university for further education.A. 90s; their B. the 90s; /
