1、英语单词词根词缀手册a- =of,on; form,away from,off; out,extremelya- = not,without ab- =form,away from,off abio =abiosis(无生命,无机)-ability (n,抽象名词) 可.性-able (adj) 可的-ably (adv) 可.地abs- =from eg. abstain tain=keepac-,ad-,af-,ag-,al-,an-,ap-,ar-,as-,at- =in,at,to,加强意义 (加与 d,h,j,m,v 前时后加 d；加于 c,k,q 前时后加 c;加于 f,g,l,n
2、,p,r,s,t 前时双写该字母,ad 后不一定接 d)-ac 有. 关系acanth = spinose (有刺的) -ace (n,抽象名词 ) -aceous (adj) acid,acr =sour(酸的),sharp(锐利的 ) -acious (n,抽象名词) -acious (adj) -acity (n,抽象名词) 性质等-acle (n,抽象名词 ) 构成名词 acousto =sound(声音)acro = high(高)act =to act(行动) acuti = acuate(尖的，尖锐的)-acy (n,抽象名词) 性质等ad-,ac-,af-,ag-,al-,an
3、-,ap-,ar-,as-,at- =in,at,to,加强意义 (加与 d,h,j,m,v 前时后加 d；加于 c,k,q 前时后加 c;加于 f,g,l,n,p,r,s,t 前时双写该字母,ad 后不一定接 d)-ade (n,抽象名词) aer(o),ar,aro=air(空气)af-,ac-,ad-,ag-,al-,an-,ap-,ar-,as-,at- =in,at,to,加强意义 (加与 d,h,j,m,v 前时后加 d；加于 c,k,q 前时后加 c;加于 f,g,l,n,p,r,s,t 前时双写该字母,ad 后不一定接 d)Afro-表“非洲的, 非洲以及的”之义ag-,ac-
4、,ad-,af-,al-,an-,ap-,ar-,as-,at- =in,at,to,加强意义 (加与 d,h,j,m,v 前时后加 d；加于 c,k,q 前时后加 c;加于 f,g,l,n,p,r,s,t 前时双写该字母,ad 后不一定接 d)ag =act-age, (n,抽象名词) 费用 ,状态,行为,身份,总称agog(ue) =to lead(领导)agr(o) =farm(农)-aholic,-oholic (人) 嗜好 者ail,alter,altru,ulter =other(其他的,变更)-ain (人)-aire (人)al- =all al-,ac-,ad-,af-,ag
5、-,an-,ap-,ar-,as-,at- =in,at,to,加强意义 (加与 d,h,j,m,v 前时后加 d；加于 c,k,q 前时后加 c;加于 f,g,l,n,p,r,s,t 前时双写该字母,ad 后不一定接 d)al,ol,ul =to nourish(滋养)-al (人) “具有职务的人“ -al (n,抽象名词 ) 行为,人,物 加于动词后-al (adj) -ality (n,抽象名词) 性allo = difference(分歧,不同)-ally (adv) 方式，程度等alt =high(高的 ) alter,ail,altru,ulter =other(其他的) 变更a
6、ltru,alter,ail,ulter =other(其他的) 变更am(ic), =to love(爱) amb =roundambi- =on both sides,about,around ambul =walk(行走)amido =amido(氨基)amphi(c)-=both sidesampl=large(巨大)amylo- 表”淀粉”(amylum)之义an- =negative(否定) = not,without an-,ac-,ad-,af-,ag-,al-,ap-,ar-,as-,at- =in,at,to,加强意义 (加与 d,h,j,m,v 前时后加 d；加于 c,k
7、,q 前时后加 c;加于 f,g,l,n,p,r,s,t 前时双写该字母,ad 后不一定接 d)-an (人) 地方的人,精通的人-an (adj) -an (adv) 属于.的ana- =upon,on,up,apart-ance (n,抽象名词) 情况等-ancy (n,抽象名词) 情况等ancylo =attend(参加)andro =mankind or masculine(男性或阳性)-aneity (n,抽象名词) 性质等anemo- =wind(风)-aneous (adj) ang =to strangle(勒死；窒息 ) angio- =vessel(脉管), skin(包被
8、)angl,angul =angle(角) Anglo- =Britain(英国)angul,angl =angle(角) anim =breath(气息),mind( 心) eg. Unanimous 一致同意的ann,en(ni) =year(年) ant(i)- =against,opposite to(与 pro-相反) -ant (人)-ant (n,抽象名词) 物品和物质名称-ant (adj) ante- =before(与 post-相反) antho- =flower(花)anthrop(o) =man(人类) ap-,ac-,ad-,af-,ag-,al-,ar-,as-,
9、at- =in,at,to,加强意义 (加与 d,h,j,m,v 前时后加 d；加于 c,k,q 前时后加 c;加于 f,g,l,n,p,r,s,t 前时双写该字母,ad 后不一定接 d)apo- =away apt =fit(适当的) aqua, aque=water(水) aque, aqua=water(水) ar-,ac-,ad-,af-,ag-,al-,an-,ap-,as-,at- =in,at,to,加强意义 (加与 d,h,j,m,v 前时后加 d；加于 c,k,q 前时后加 c;加于 f,g,l,n,p,r,s,t 前时双写该字母,ad 后不一定接 d)ar,aer,aro
10、=air(空气)-ar (人)-ar (n,抽象名词) 物品和物质名称-ar (adj) arch =chief, leader,ruler(统治者) arch(a)eo- 表示 “古老的, 原始的”之义ard=heat(热)-ard (人) （贬义）-arian (adj) 兼名词 (n,a)-arily (adv) -arium (n,抽象名词) 场所arm =weapons(武器)aro,ar,aer =air(空气)art =skill(技巧 )，art （技术） -art (人) “做的人arthro = joint(结合) eg. arthritis n. 关节炎-arian (人
11、) 派别的人-ary (人) “从事的人“-ary (n,抽象名词) 场所 ,物-ary (adj) as-,ac-,ad-,af-,ag-,al-,an-,ap-,ar-,at- =in,at,to,加强意义 (加与 d,h,j,m,v 前时后加 d；加于 c,k,q 前时后加 c;加于 f,g,l,n,p,r,s,t 前时双写该字母,ad 后不一定接 d)-asm (n,抽象名词) 性质-ast (人) aster, astro=star(星)-aster (人) (谦称)astro, aster =star(星)at-,ac-,ad-,af-,ag-,al-,an-,ap-,ar-,as
12、- =in,at,to,加强意义 (加与 d,h,j,m,v 前时后加 d；加于 c,k,q 前时后加 c;加于 f,g,l,n,p,r,s,t 前时双写该字母,ad 后不一定接 d)-ate (人)-ate (n,抽象名词 ) 职位 ,职权,化学名词-ate (adj) -ate (v.) 成为处理,作用 其名词形式为 ation-atic (adj) -atie (adj) -ation (n,抽象名词) 行为，情况-ative (adj) 与.有关的 atom =air or steam(空气, 蒸汽)-ator (人) “做的人“ -atory (n,抽象名词) 场所 , 地点-ato
13、ry (adj)auct,aug =to increase(增强),to make,to grow(使产生，使增大)aud(io) =sound(声)aug,auct =to increase(增强),to make,to grow(使产生，使增大)aur=hear(耳)auri =gold(金)aut(o) =self(自我)aux =to assist (辅助)avi =bird(鸟)az(o)- =azote(氮)bacterio =bacterium(细菌)band,bond =to beat(捆绑)bar =bar(横木 )baro =heavy(重 ),press(压)bat=to
14、 beat(打)bat,bas =to,go(走)bas,bat =to,go(走)baso=base(基础 , 底部)be- =to make,upon,by,to cover with(加以; 用.)bell =war(战争)bene- =well,good(与 male 相反)benzo=benzene(苯)bi(n)- =double,two (bi 在元音之前加 n)biblio =book(书)-bility, (n,抽象名词) 动作,性质,状态bio =life(生命)blanc =white(白色)blasto =embryo(芽, 胚胎)-ble (adj) 表示“ 倍数“
15、的含义brachio =arm(臂)brachy =short(短)brew,brev,bri =short(短的)brev,brew,bri =short(短的)bri,brev,brew =short(短的) brig =hit(打，战斗)broncho =windpipe(气管)bond,band =to beat(捆绑) by- =aside,beside,informal(非正式)caco- =badness(恶)cad,cas,cid,=to fall(落下，降临)caeco =caecum(盲肠)caeno =common(普通, 共同)caino- =new(新), newly
16、(最近)calc(i) =calcium(钙) eg. Calcutcalli- =comeliness(美丽)calor =heat(热 )camp =field(田野) cand =white(白色),bright(光亮的) cant,cent,chant =to sing,(唱歌) cap =heap(头) cap(t),ceive,cept,cip(ate) =to take(取) to catch(获得) car =car(车),to run(跑) carb(o)=carbon(碳)card =paper(纸)cardi(o) =heart(心)carn =flesh(肉)carpo
17、- =fruit(果实)caryo-, karyo- =karyon(细胞核)cas,cad,cid,=to fall(落下) cast =to throw(投掷) cata, cath, kata =under(下面 ),against(对)cate- =down,downwards,fully cath, cata=under(下面),against(对)cauli-, caulo- =caudex(茎)caulo-, cauli- =caudex(茎)cav =hollow(中空的) -ce, (n,抽象名词 ) 行为,性质,状态ceal,veal =to hide(隐藏)ce(e)d,
18、cap(t),ced(e),cess =to go(去) ，to yield(让步) ced(e),cap(t),ce(e)d,cess =to go(去) ，to yield(让步) ced(e),ce(e)d,cap(t),cess =to go(去) ，to yield(让步) ceive,cept, cap(t),cip(ate) =to take(取) to catch(获得)celer =swift(快速)celio- =abdomen(腹部)cellul- =cellular(细胞的)celo-, coel =cavity(内腔)cent,cant,chant =to sing,
19、(唱歌) ceno-, coeno- = common(普通, 共同)cent =hundred(百) centi- =one percent (百分之一,厘)centr-=central(中心)cephal- =head(头)cept, cap(t),ceive, cip(ate) =to take(取);to catch(获得)cern,crel =to separate(分离,区别) cer(c)- =cauda(尾), caudate(有尾的)cerebell- =cerebellar(小脑的)cerebr- =cerebral(大脑的)cero- =cere(蜡)cert =sure
20、(确定 ) cervi- =deer(鹿), corvine(鹿的 )cervic- =neck(颈部)cess,cap(t),ced(e),ceed =to go(去)，to yield(让步) cet- =whale(鲸)chaeto- =thorn(刺),bristle(刚毛)chalco- =copper(铜), bronze(青铜)chant,cant,cent =to sing,(唱歌) cheiro- =bronze(手)cheli- =pincers(螯)chem- =chemistry(化学)chil- =lip(唇)Chino =China(中国)Chiro =hand(手
21、)chlor =green or chlorine(绿, 氯)chol =gallbladder(胆)chondrio =cartilage(软骨)chord, cord =cord(绳索,束缚)chori =chorion(绒毛膜)Christo =Christ(基督)chrom =color(颜色)chromat =colour or coloration(颜色, 染色)chromo =colour(颜色)chron =time(时间 ) chrys- =gold(金 ), golden(金色 )-cian (人) .学家 cid,cad,cas=to fall(落下)cide,cis =
22、to cut(切) cine- =movie(电影)cip(ate),cap,capt,cept=to take(取) to catch(获得)circ(l),cyc =ring(圆,环) circu(m)- =around,round,about cirr- =cirri(触毛)cis,cide =to cut(切) cis-, citra- =on this sidecite =to call(呼叫),to urge(驱策) citra-, cis- =on this side-city (n,抽象名词) 性质clado =sprout or branch(芽或枝)cla(i)m =to
23、cry(大叫) clar =clear(清楚)-cle (n,含” 小”意) 表示个体、个别cleido-, cleisto- =lockup(锁住, 闭住)cleisto-, cleido- =lockup(锁住, 闭住)climat- = climate(气候)clin,cliv =to bend(弯曲,倾斜) cliv,clin =to bend(弯曲,倾斜) clos,clud,clus =to shut(关闭) clud,clos,clus =to shut(关闭) clus,clos,clud =to shut(关闭) co,com,con,cop,cor,col-=togethe
24、r(一起,相互),with,wholly( 完全地) (接 r,l 时双写 r,l)coct =to cook(煮；烹调) coel, celo- =cavity(内腔)coeno-, ceno- = common(普通，共同)cogn(is), gnos =to konw(知道) col,cult =to till(耕种) col,co,com,con,cop,cor-=together(一起,相互),with,wholly( 完全地) (接 r,l 时双写 r,l)colo- =colon(结肠)con,co,com,cop,cor,col-=together(一起,相互),with,wh
25、olly( 完全地) (接 r,l 时双写 r,l)com,co,con,cop,cor,col-=together(一起,相互),with,wholly( 完全地) (接 r,l 时双写 r,l)compu =computer (电脑)commun =common(共同的) concho =conch(贝壳)contro,counter =against,contra(相反地)cop,co,com,con,cor,col-=together(一起,相互),with,wholly( 完全地) (接 r,l 时双写 r,l)copro =dung(粪)cor,co,com,con,cop,col
26、-=together(一起,相互),with,wholly( 完全地) (接 r,l 时双写 r,l)coralli- =coral(珊瑚)cord,chord =cord(绳索,束缚)corp(or) =boby(身体),group(团体)cortico- =skin(皮)cosmo =order(秩序), regularity(调和)cosm(o) =universe(宇宙) costo- =ribbing(肋骨), nervure(翅脉)count =to count(计算) counter-,contro- =against,contra(相反地)cour(s),cur(r) =to
27、run(流，跑) cover =to cover(掩盖) crac(y), (n,抽象名词) “统治,支配“ -craft, (n,抽象名词) “工艺,技巧“ cranio- =skull(颅骨)-crat (人) “某种政体,主义的参加者、支持者“cre(s),creas =to make(制造),to grow(生长) creas,cre(s)=to make(制造),to grow(生长) cre(e)d =to believe(相信) crel,cern =to separate(分离,区别) crim =accnsation(控诉),crime(罪行) crimin =spacecr
28、it =to judge(判断) cross- =across,joincruc =cross(十字；交叉) crusta =shell (壳)cryo kryo=cold(冷、冻)crypt =hidden (隐藏)crystall =crystal(结晶)cub =lie(躺、卧)-cule (n,含”小”意)cul=cultivate(培养 )culp =blame(过失),guilt(罪过) cult,col=to till(耕、种) cumb =to lie down(横躺) cupr =cuprum(铜)cur(r),cour(s) =to run(流，跑) cure =to ta
29、ke care(注意，留心) curvi- =bend(弯曲)cuss =to strike(打击),to shake(摇动) -cy, (n,抽象名词) “性质 ,状态,职位,级别,场所“ cyano- =blue(蓝色), navy blue(深蓝色)cyber- =computer(计算机)cyc,circ(l), =ring(圆,环) cyclo = circularity(圆、圆周)cymo-,kymo- =wave(波)cyst- =vesicle(囊, 胞)de- =down(下),downward( 向下) (与 in 相反)de- =apart,from de-=negati
30、ve(否定 ) 除去,向下,降低, 使成.，加强意义deb,du =to owe(负债) dec(a), deka =ten(十), ten times(十倍)deci- =tenth(十分之一)dei =god(神) dem(o) =people(民众) demono- =demon(魔鬼)demi- =half dendr- =tree(树木)dent =tooth(牙齿 ) derm(at)=skin(皮肤) dex- =right (右，右手，机灵 )di =day(日)di- =double,twice dia- =through,between,across dica =to pr
31、oclaim(宣称), point out 指出dic(t),dit =to say(说)dif- =not,against,apart 用在 f 前 dign =worthy(有价值的)dipl- =pair(一对), couple(一双)dis- =not,against,apart,make to (有时接以 s 开头词时要省一个 s,如 distinct)dit =give(给)divid,divis =to divide(分割) divis,divid =to divide(分割) doc(t) =to teach(教导) dogma,dox =opinion(意见) dom =to
32、 tame(驯服),to rule(统治 ) dom =dome(圆顶),house( 房屋)-dom, (n,抽象名词) “等级,领域,状态“ don,dot,dow =to give(给予) dorm =to sleep(睡眠) dot,don,dow =to give(给予) d(o)ud,duo- =two,double dox,dogma =opinion(意见) dow,dot,don =to give(给予) draw =to draw(拉，引) drom =to run(跑),course( 过程) du =tow(拖)du,deb =to owe(负债) duc(t) =to
33、 lead(领导,导致) duo,d(o)ud- =two,double dur =to last(持续) dur =to last(持续) dyn(am) =power(力量) dys- =not good,not easy(不良，恶)e- =out, 加强或引申意义 -ean (人)ec- “ex-”之变体,表示“出，出的”之义ecclesio =ecclesia(教堂, 教会)echin =echinate(有刺的, 有棘皮的 )eco =ecological(生态、生态学的)eco =house(家) ecto =outside(外面)-ectomy =cuttling-ecue (n
34、)ed =eat-ed (adj) -ee, (人) “动作承受者“-eel (adj) -eer (人) “从事于的人 “ef- =out,away from 用在 f 前 ego =I(我 ),self(自己) eka- =similar(类),to-be(准)-el, (n,含”小”意)electr(o) =electric(电的) em- =in 用在 b,m,p 前 em- =to pair (配以 )用在 b,m,p 前 em 无 out 意em- =make to be用在 b,m,p 前 em(pt) =to take(取),to buy(买 ) endo =witnin,in
35、side eg. endoscopeemper，imper=order(命令)，rule(统治)en- =in,into,on,at,near,make to been-=not en 无 out 意en(ni) ,ann 年 centennial 一世纪的-en (人) -en, (n,含”小”意)-en (adj) 由某种物质形成 ,制成或生产的含义-en (v.) “使成为,引起 ,使有“, 加于名词、形容词后-ence, (n,抽象名词 ) “性质,状况,行为,过程,总量,程度“-ence (adv) encephal =encephalon(脑)-ency, (n,抽象名词) “性质
36、 ,状态,行为,过程“endo- =inside(内部 )-ent (人)-ent, (n,抽象名词) 物品和物质名称的含义-ent (adj) endo- =insideepi- =upon(在. 上面),to,besides,among eph- “向, 反”之义ept =ability(能力)equ =epual(相等的 ) 赤道的,稳定的-er, (人) “从事某职业的人, 某地的人“ -er, (n,抽象名词 ) -er (adj) 表示“比较程度“ 的含义-er (v.) erg =energe(能量)err =to wander(流浪；漂泊), to err(偏离正道,犯错,犯罪
37、) -ern (adj) 表示方向的含义-ery, (n,抽象名词 ) “行为,状态,习性,场所,学科,技术,物“es- ex-之变体-esce (v.) -ese, (人)-ese (adj) 国籍,语种, 宗教的含义eso- =inward,within eg. endoscope-esque (adj) “相象,类似“的含义ess,est =to be(存在)-ess, (人) 女性人称名词est,ess =to be(存在) -est (adj) “比较程度“的含义-et, (n,含”小 ”意)-et (n,抽象名词 ) 小的-ete, (adj) ethno- =race(种族),
38、peoples(民族)-etta,-ette (n,含”小”意)-ette,-etta, (n,含”小”意)-ety, (n,抽象名词 ) “性质,状态“eu- =excellent(优, 善)-eur, (人) 家“ ev =age(年龄,时代)evit=avoid(避免 , 消除)ex- =out of,fully;former 前任的,以前的;make to be-(ex 后接以 s 开头词根时常省去 s)exo- =outextra- =beyond (以外,超过)fabl,fabul =to speak(说) fabul,fabl =to speak(说)fac =face(面部；正
39、面 ),forehead(前额);make(制作)fac(t),fect =to make(做),to do(做；为) -faction, (n,抽象名词) “作成,化,作用“ -facture, (n,抽象名词) “作成,化,作用“fall,fals =to deceive(欺骗) fals,fall =to deceive(欺骗) fam =to speak(说，论)fan,phan =appearance(外观；出现) fare =to go(走) febri =fever(发烧)fect,fac(t) =to make(做),to do(做；为) feder =federal(联盟)f
40、em =woman(女人)femto =quadrillionth (千万亿分之一 )fend,fens,fest =to strike(打击 ) fens,fend,fest =to strike(打击 ) fer =to carry(运；载),to bear(忍耐) ferr =contain iron (含铁)ferv =to boil(沸腾) -ferous (adj) bearing(承受)fess =to speak(说) fest =festival(节目；祝宴) fest,fend,fens =to strike(打击 )fibr =fibre(纤维)fice =make to
41、 be(使得) eg. effcient,proficient,deficiemcy,sufficiency,beneficfict,fig =to feign(假装) fid =to trust(相信) fig,fict =to feign(假装) figur =to shape(形成)，figure(形状) fil =threadlike(线状的),to spin(纺织), threadlike(线状的)fin(it) =to end(结束),range(范围) firm =firm(坚固的) fissi =split(分裂 , 裂片)Fitz =ones son (.的儿子)fix =t
42、o fasten(缚；固定) flabelli =fan(扇 )flagr,flam =flame(火焰),to burn(燃烧) flam,flagr =flame(火焰),to burn(燃烧) flat =to blow(吹) flav =yellow(黄色)flect,flex =to bend(弯曲) flex,flect =to bend(弯曲) eg. reflex 反省flict =to strike(打击) flor =flower(花) flu =to flow(流) -fold (adj) “倍数“-folk (人)foli =leaf(叶子 ) for- =away f
43、rom ,禁止,离去,克制forc =force(强制) fore- =before,earlierform =to form(形成),form(形状) fort =strong(强壮的) forth- =towards found，fund =to pour,base(基础) fract,frag =to bread(打破) frag,fract =to bread(打破)Franco- = Gallo(法国的)frater =brother(兄弟) eg. fraternalfrig =cold(冷)-ful (n,抽象名词) .的量 -ful (adj) 表示“充分的 “含义-fully
44、 (adv) 有.性质地fug =to flee(逃、散) fund，found =base(基础) fuse =to pour(倾;倒; 流) fuse熔化-fy (v.) 表示“使化, 使成“galact,lact =milk(乳)gam =marriage(婚姻) gangli =ganglion(神经节)gastr gastric(胃的)gen(er),gen(i)t =to produce(制造; 生产),race(种族)gen(i)t,gen(er) =to produce(制造; 生产),race(种族) geo- =earth(地球)ger,gest =to carry(运；载
45、)Germano =Germanic(德意志的)geront =oldster(老人)gest,ger =to carry(运；载)giga =billion(十亿 )glaci =ice(冰)glor =beautify(美化)gnos,cogn(is) =to konw(知道) glosso, glotto =tongue(舌)glotto, glosso =tongue(舌)glycol =glycerol(甘油)gon =angle(角)gra =graceful(优美),favor(恩泽)grad,gress =to walk(行走)Gr(a)eco =Greek(希腊的,希腊人的)
46、gram,graph =to write(书写) gran =grain(谷物，谷粒)grand =grand(大的) grand- 祖孙关系graph,gram =to write(书写) -grapy, (n,抽象名词) “学,写法“grat,gree =to please(喜好) grav =heavy(重) gree,grat =to please(喜好) greg =gather(聚集) gress,grad =to walk(行走)gym =naked(裸的) eg. gymnasiumgyn(eco)- =female(女，雌)hab(it),hibit =to have(拥有)
47、,to keephaem, hem,hema,hemo =blood(血)hagi =saint or Holy Land(圣徒 ,圣地)hal =sea or salt(海洋, 盐)hap =accidental(机会,偶发)hapl =single or simple (单一, 简单)harmo=harmony(和谐)haust =to draw(画)-head (n,抽象名词) hector, hekto- =hundred(百) heli =sun(太阳 ) helic =helical(螺旋)hem, haem, hema,hemo =blood(血) eg. hemophilia,
48、hematologyhemi- =half(半 ) hendeca =eleven(十一)hepat =liver(肝)hepta- =seven(七)her(it) =inherit(继承) her,hes =to stick(粘着)herb =grass(草) hes,here =to stick(粘着) -herd (人) 管理家畜者hetero- =other,different hexa- =six(六) hibit,hab =to have(拥有),to keepholo- =whol,entire(全部)hom =man(人) homeo- =similar(相似)homo- =same(与 hetero-相反) -hood (n,抽象名词) “资格,身份, 年纪,状态“ horr =to tremble(发抖) 怕hospit =guest(客人)hum =human(人类),earth(泥土),lowly(卑贱的)hydr(a/o) =water(水) hyper- =above,beyond 高,超,过hypno =sleep(睡眠 ) hy
