1、第- 1 -页共 7 页 中考代词专项复习 课标要求1. 掌握不定代词的含义及其应用。2. 掌握疑问代词的用法。3. 掌握代词 it 的用法。一. 命题趋势：1. 近几年中考的考点考察重点在不定代词，物主代词，反身代词和关系代词，以单项选择，填词题及完形填空等形式考察。2. 预计 07 年命题将是在选择题或综合填空题中考察各类代词的基本用法考基要点 中考如何考1.不定代词（1）.one 与 it为了避免同一名词的重复使用，常用 one 或 it来代替前面提到的某个单数名词。其区别是：one 所代替的是前面提到的同类事物，但不是同一个；it 所代替的是前面提到的那件特指的事物。I bought
2、a new pen yesterday, and I gave it to my sister.昨天我买了一支新钢笔，我把它送给了我姐姐。I have lost my watch ,and I think I must buy one.我把我的表弄丢了，我向我必须买一块。（2）some 与 any.some 用于肯定句，any 用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句；some 还可以用于表示请求的疑问句中。any 用于肯定句，表示 “任何一个” 。Please ask the teacher if you have _ question.如果你有问题，请问这个老师。Would you please
3、give me _ paper?请给我些纸好吗？（3）something, anything, nothing 与 everythingSomething, anything 的用法与 some，any 相同；nothing=not anything，含否定意义； everything 意为“一切事物 ”，主要用于肯定句中（用于否定句时，表示部分否定） 。这四个词在句中作主语时，谓语动词用单1.Jack caught a big fish this afternoon. Now he is cooking _for dinner.A. it B. one C. this D. that2.I
4、asked Lily for_ paper, but she didnt have_A. any some B. any anyC. some any D. some some3.What else do you want?-_else. I think I have got everything ready.第- 2 -页共 7 页 数形式。这四个词均为复合不定代词，被形容词修饰时，形容词应放在它们的后面。Something is wrong with my computer.我的电脑出毛病了。I will do anything for you if you like.如果你喜欢，我会为你
5、做任何事。Not everything is too hard for us.对我们来说并不是每件事情都太难。(4).somebody，anybody ， nobody 与 everybody.Somebody 意为“某人” ，主要用于肯定句中;anybody 意为 “任何人” ，用于否定句和疑问句中；everybody 意为“ 人人，每人” ，主要用于肯定句中，用于否定句时，表示部分否定，意为“并不是每个人” ；nobody意为“没有人” 。这四个词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Somebody was here just now.刚才有人在这儿。There isnt anybody in
6、the street.街上没有人。The problem is too difficult, Nobody can work it out in our class.这道题太难了，我们班没有人能解出来。Everybody in China likes Spring Festival.在中国每个人都喜欢春节。（5）each 与 every each 是对于两个或两个以上的人或物而言，侧重与个体，且可以单独使用；every 是对三个或三个以上的人或事物而言，侧重于整体，且不可单独使用，只能作修饰词，后跟单数可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。There are many trees on ea
7、ch side of the street.街道两边栽了许多树。The teacher has told every student to come on time.老师已告诉每位学生要按时到达。A. Something B. NothingC. Anything D. Everything4.-Look at the window. Who broke it?-_did. There was a strong wind last night.A. Nobody B. AnybodyC. Somebody D. Everybody 5._of them has a dictionary and
8、 _one of them can look up words in the dictionary.A. Each, every B. Every , eachC. Each, each D. Every, every第- 3 -页共 7 页 （6）many, much, few, a few, little 与 a littleMany, few, a few 用于修饰可数名词的复数; much ,little, a little 用于修饰不可数名词；a few, a little 在意义上是肯定的； few, little在意义上是否定的。Many hands make light wor
9、k.人多好办事。There is not much water here.这里的水不多。Few of them have been to Beijing, have they?他们很少有人去过北京，对吗？Could I have a few words with you?我能和你说几句话吗？Hurry up, there is little time left.快点，没时间了。She has a little money with her.她身上带着点儿钱。(7)both, either 与 neitherBoth ,either 与 neither 三个词都只限于两者。both 表示“两者都
10、” ，是对两者的肯定；neither 表示“两者都不” ，是对两者的否定。both 与 neither 是一对反义词，在进行肯定与否定的句型转换时，只改变这两个词就可以了。either 表示“两者之一 ”。它们在句中可以作主语、宾语。其中 either, neither 表示单数概念，并可与 of 连用，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；both 表示复数概念，也可与 of 连用，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式Both should make concessions.。双方都应该做出让步。Either of the ideas is equally useful.这两个主意，不论哪一个都同样有用。_
11、of the answers is correct.两个答案都不正确。(8) all, none, no 与 on oneall 用于指三个或三个以上的人或物；none 表示“没有人，没有什么东西” ，是指三个人以6.My cousin is very busy with his work. He has_ time to read newspapers.A. little B. few C. a little D. a few7.Weve got two TV sets ,but_ works well.A. any B. both C. either D. neither第- 4 -页共
12、7 页 上，与 all 是反义词；no 表示“没有” ，等于 not any/a; no one=nobody,仅指人.单独作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式.all 和 none都可用于 all/none of结构；“all of+名词（复数） ”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；none of 作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。All the students want to climb the hill.所有的学生都想去爬山。None of us has seen the film.我们当中没有人看过这部电影。There are no dictionaries on the shelf.书架上没有
13、字典。-Who are you speaking to?你在跟谁说话？-No one. 没人（9）other, others, another 与 the other1)other 意为“另外的，其他的，别的 ”常用于作定语，复数形式为 others.2)others 泛指“其他的人或物（但不是全部） ”。3)another 指三个或三个以上中的“任何一个，再又另一个” ，修饰单数名词，若与复数名词连用时，复数名词前必须有基数词。4) the other 指“两者中的另一个”常与 one连用，构成 one，the other结构。The other 也可作定语修饰复数名词，表示另一方中的“全部
14、其余的” 。What other things can you see?你能看见别的什么东西？He stayed there for another three days.他在那里又待了三天。Many children are in the park .some are singing and others are dancing.很多孩子在公园里，一些在唱歌，另一些在跳舞。Some students went to the zoo ,the other students went to the park.8.I had to buy _ these books because I didnt
15、 know which one was the best.A. both B. none C. neither D. all9.Not long ago our country sent up a rocket with two small satellites into spaces. One weighed 204 kilos and_25 kilos.A. another B. other C. others D. the other 10. Do you want _cake?-Yes, I usually eat a lot when Im hungry.A. other B. ot
16、hers C. another D. the other第- 5 -页共 7 页 一些学生去了动物园，其他的学生去了公园。3. 疑问代词疑问代词有 who, whom, whose, what, which 等，用来构成特殊疑问句。1）who 指人，是主格形式；whom 是 who 的宾格形式，在句中只作宾语，在口语中，作宾语的 whom 常用 who 来代替。但是，whom 前面如有介词时，只能用 whom; whose 是 who 的所有格形式，在句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。2）what 指事物时，可用单数，也可用复数，在句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。3）which 可指人，也可指物，单
17、数、复数均可，在句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。Who, what ,which 作表语的区别是 :问的是人的身份，姓名等；what 问的是人的职业；which 问的是一定范围内的特指的人。Who is standing there?谁正站在那儿？With whom did you talk just now?你刚才和谁谈话呢？Do you know whose book it is?你知道这本书是谁的吗？Which class are you in?你在哪个班？What map is this?这是什么地图？3.非人称代词非人称代词 it 除了用来指物以外，还有以几种特殊用法：（1） 表述时间
18、、天气、距离等。-What time is it now? 现在是几点 ?-Its six. 六点-Whatt the weather like today?今天天气怎么样？-Its cloudy. 今天多云。Its two miles from here to my home.从这儿到我家有两英里。1. -_is your favorite sportsman?-Liu Xiang.A. How B. When C. Who D. Which2. The new car has been here for several days._ is it?A. Where B. What C. Wh
19、ose D. Who1.-Im sorry to be late for school.-_ doesnt matter this time.A. This B. That C. It D. ones2.I think _our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy.A. that B. this C. it D. one第- 6 -页共 7 页 （2） 指小孩、婴儿或只闻其声、不见其人的人。The bell rings again , Go and see who it is.门铃又响了。去看看是谁。（3） 作形式主语或形式宾语。It is
20、not easy to learn a foreign language.学好一门外语是不容易的。We found it difficult to stop him.我们发现阻止他很困难。（4） 用在一些固定句型中。1）It takes (s b.) some time to do sth.干某事花了（某人）多长时间2）Its ones turn to do sth.轮到该某人干某事了3）Its time(for s b.) to do sth.Its time for sth.(到了（某人）该干某事的时候了4）Its时间段since+从句（要用一般过去时）自从已多长时间了5）It seems
21、 that 从句 好像6）Its said that 从句 据说三、专项综合演练1. -Which would you like, tea or coffee?-_is OK .I really dont mind.A. Both B. None C. Either D. Neither.2.I agree with most of what you said. But I dont agree with_ .A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything3.Could you lend me your pen?-Of course. I h
22、ave two, and_ of them write well.A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything4._Lily_ Lucy may go with you because one of them must stay at home.A. Not only; B. but also C. Both; and D. Either; or5.-Sorry, I cant work out this problem.-Try again, please. Its only_ difficult.A. a bit B. a lot C.
23、 very D. much to第- 7 -页共 7 页 6.Were got two TV sets , but _works well. A. any B. both C. either D. neither7.-_is in the classroom. Where are the students?- They have all gone to the library。A 、Somebody B、Everybody C、Anybody D、Nobody 。9、-What a big box。Can I help you？-No，thanks 。Theres-in it。 Its emp
24、ty。A、nothing B、nobody C、 anybody D、somewhere 10、 There are two new buildings near the sea ，and-of them are very tall。A、none B、all C、neither D 、both 11、 The young lady -we met yesterday is our new math teacher。A、 what B、whose C、whom D、which 12、Your digital watch is nice ，where did you buy -？I want to buy -，too。A、one，one B、it it C、it one D 、one it
