1、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的应用一虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的谓语动词形式条件从句 条件从句的谓语动词形式 主句的谓语动词形式与现在事实相反 动词过去式（be 多用 were） Wouldshouldcouldmight + v与将来事实相反 动词过去式Should + vWere to + vWouldshouldcouldmight + v与过去事实相反 Had + done Wouldshouldcouldmight + have doneIf it werent raining, we wouldnt stay indoors.If I were to (should) do it, I
2、would do it in a different way.She would have come if she hadnt been so busy.错综时间虚拟条件句有时条件状语从句和主句的动作并不同时发生，其中主、从句中的谓语动词形式，应各按照实际情况来表达。If you had listened to me, you wouldnt be in such trouble now.If I were you, I would have gone with him.如果条件状语从句含有 should, were, had 时，可将 if 省略，而将这三个词提到的原来的位置Were I y
3、ou, I would not tell him that.Should it snow tomorrow, many crops would die.He would have seen her, had he come yesterday.有时条件状语从句不是以从句的形式出现，而是以一个介词或介词短语（without but for）的形式出现。这时，句子中的谓语动词用什么形式，就取决于这个动词所要表达的动作发生在什么时候.But for your help, I would not have succeeded.Without sunlight, there would be no li
4、ving things on the earth.要求使用虚拟语气的其他从句在主语从句中1 It is + 形容词 (important, necessary, natural, desirable, essential, strange) + thatIt is necessary that he should be sent there at once.It is strange that he should refuse to come.2.it is+名词 (a pity, a shame, no wonder) + thatIt is a pity that you should h
5、ave lost the game.3. it is+过去分词( askedrequiredsuggestedorderedrequested) + thatIt is required that john should give a performance.It was suggested that everyone should have a map.在宾语从句中含表示命令、建议、坚持的动词 advise, command, propose, desire, insist, order, recommend, require, request, suggest, urge, should+
6、 动词原形He advised that a new plan be made.He insists that the meeting should be put off.注意：Insist 坚持要做 用虚拟 suggest 建议 用虚拟坚持认为、说 暗示，表明He insisted that he was right.Her pale face suggested that she was ill.在以上动词的名词形式 Advice, command, decision, recommendation, reqirement request, suggestion 后的表语从句和同位语从句用
7、 should+ 动词原形There is a suggestion that the discussion should be held in English.My advice is that we should put on a play at the English evening.It is (high) time that从句中动词用过去式或 should + 动词原形Its time we leftshould leave在 For fear that, in case.引导的从句中He came to meet at the station for fear that I sh
8、ould take the wrong way.I am going to start earlier in case there should be any delay on the journey.表示祝愿的从句中的虚拟语气wish 后的宾语从句表示现在不能实现的愿望用过去式；表示将来不能实现的愿望用wouldcould + 动词原形；表示过去不能实现的愿望用 had+过去分词或 wouldcould + have doneI wish he were here now.I wish I could do it.He wished he had not made the mistake.I
9、 wish they could have come to attend the meeting.If only 引导的感叹句If only“但愿，要是什么就好了” ，用法与 wish 相同If only I were rich.If only the rain would stop.If only I had known about it before.As if 引导的表语从句及状语从句的语气及时态As if 从句用陈述语气的情况：当说话者认为所述是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时，要用陈述语气。It sounds as if it is raining.He speaks as if
10、he is a Canadian.当主句谓语动词含有 seem, taste, smell 等动词时，一般要用陈述语气He seems as if we shall have to walk.The meat tastes as if it has already gone bad.As if 从句用虚拟语气的情况：当说话人认为句子所述是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时：与现在事实相反，用过去时He walks as if he were drunkHe talks as if he knew where she was.与过去事实相反，用 had + 过去分词She talked about the book as if she had really read it.The girls listened as if she had been turned to stone.与将来事实相反，用 would could might+动词原形He opened his mouth as if he would say something.It looks as if it might snow.
