1、巅峰英语培训学校 高二学习资料1高中状语从句复习状语从句是一种副词性从句，通常由一个从属连词或一个起连词作用的词组引导。1.时间状语从句由下列连词引导：when, while , as, before, after, once, till, until, once, as soon as, hardlywhen, scarcelywhen, no soonerthan,有一些表示时间的副词（短语）或名词短语也可引导时间状语从句。另外如：directly, instantly, immediately, by the time，the moment, the second, the minute
2、, the instant, every time, each time, next time, the last time 等也可引导状语从句区别 1)when, while, as 引导的时间状语从句的区别（1）as 表示“当的时候”，往往和 when/ while 通用，但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生。She came up as I was cooking.(同时) When I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine.在街上走时，碰到一位老朋友（2）when(at or d
3、uring the time that )既可以表示在某一点的时候，又可表示在某一段时间内，主句与从句的动作或事情可以同时发生也可以先后发生。It was raining when we arrived.(指时间点)When we were at school, we went to the library every day.(在一段时间内)When we arrived there, the film had already begun.(先后发生)（3）While 强调一段时间里，仅表示从句和主句的动作同时发生，并且有延续意义，该从句中的动词一般要用延续性动词，从句中常用过去进行时态或一
4、般过去时态；在 when 表示 a period of time 时，两者可以互换。Please dont talk so loud while/when others are working. 其他人工作时请不要大声讲话。He fell asleep while/when reading. 读书时他睡着了。 While they were watching TV, I was preparing myself for the coming examination. Strike while the iron is hot.（趁热打铁！）Make hay while the sun shine
5、s.( 不可用 as 或 when，这里的 while 意思是“趁”)as 表示主从句动作同时发生，所以常译作一边一边。John sings as he works.当 When 引出的时间状语从句为系表结构，而且其主语和主句的主语一致，其表语又是一个名词时，就可以用 as 引导的省略句来代替。When he was a young man (= As a young man ) he was fond of hunting.2.原因状语从句由下列连词引导：as, because, since, now that（既然，由于）, considering that, seeing that(鉴于
6、-) 。下面几点值得注意：1) because 语气最强，用于回答 why 的提问，可与强调词 only, just 以及否定词 not 连用。 但不可以与 so连用。You shouldnt get angry just because some people speak ill of you.He failed because he was careless. 他因粗心而失败了。because 引导的从句可以被强调：It was because she wanted to study abroad that she entered for TOEFL（强调句）2) since 引导的从句语
7、气次于 because 引导的从句，常表示稍加分析后而推断出的原因，或指人们已知的事实，比 as 正式一些,常置于句首。 as 语气最弱，其原因只是对结果的附带说明，一般放在句首。Since/ Now that no one is against it ,lets carry out the plan.As all the seats were full, he stood there. 所有的座位都满了他只好站那儿。3) for 虽解释为“ 因为”但只是一个并列连词，它也常引导句子表原因，但不是原因状语从句，它是一个并列巅峰英语培训学校 高二学习资料2句。for 所提供的理由是一种补充性的说
8、明，表推测的理由。The day was short, for it was December.She must have cried for her eyes are red. 她一定哭过了，她眼睛红的。3.地点状语从句 （1）由下列连词引导:where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere 。You are free to go wherever you like. 你可以去你想要去的任何地方。Anywhere he went, he got warm welcome. 无论他走到哪儿，都收到热烈欢迎。Where there is a will, there is
9、 a way. 有志者事竟成。（2 地 点 状 语 从 句 与 定 语 从 句 的 区 别where 引 导 定 语 从 句 时 ， 从 句 前 应 有 一 个 表 示 地 点 的 名 词 作 先 行 词 ； 而 状 语 从 句 前 则 无 需 先 行 词 。 如 ：Go back where you came from.(where 引 导 地 点 状 语 从 句 ）Go back to the village where you came from.(where 引 导 定 语 从 句 修 饰 village)（ 3） 地 点 状 语 从 句 的 省 略 ， 如Fill in the bl
10、anks with articles necessary.(necessary 前 省 略 了 where it is)在 需 要 的 地 方 填 上 冠 词 。 ）【例解】 考 题 1 Mom, what did the doctor say? He advised me to live _ the air is fresher. A. in where B. in which C. the place where D. where 考 题 2 In peace, too, the Red Cross is expected to send help _there is human suff
11、ering.A. whoever B. however C. whatever D. wherever 考 题 3 If you are traveling _ the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do. A. in which B. what C. when D. where4.结果状语从句 由下列连词引导：that，sothat，suchthat，so that 等。注意以下几种结构：1).so+adj/adv+that 2).such(a/an+adj)+n+that3).so+adj+a
12、/an+n+that=such a/an+adj+n+that 4).so many/much/few/little(少)+n+that5)such +(adj) +n (u /pl )+ that He spoke so fast that I couldnt follow him. 他说的如此的快，我跟不上他。It was such a lovely day / so lovely a day that we all went swimming 天气好，我们大家都去游泳了。It is such nice weather that I would like to go to the beac
13、h. 天气如此之好， 我想去海滩。So 或 such 置于句首时，主句常倒装。It was such a lovely day / so lovely a day that we all went swimming . Such a lovely day was it that we all went swimming.注意以上结构与定语从句 so/suchas 的区别。This is such an interesting/so interesting a film that everyone wants to see it. This is such an interesting/so i
14、nteresting a film as everyone wants to see. 5.目的状语从句由下列连词引导：so that, in order that, for fear that, in case 等。 （注：so that 也可用来引导结果状语从句） so that, in order that 引导的目的状语从句中常需用情态动词。so that 引导的目的状语从句只能放在主句之后，in 巅峰英语培训学校 高二学习资料3order that 引导的目的状语从句可以放在主句之前或之后。We set out early so that we could see the sunri
15、se. 我们很早出发以便能看到日出He sent the letter by air mail so that it might reach them in time. 他空邮这份信的以便他们能按时收到。for fear that, in case 引导的目的状语从句谓语动词要用 should do 它们本身带有否定意义，相当于 so that-not, in order that-notWe hid behind the bushes in case /for fear that passers-by should see us. 我们躲在丛林中以防过路人看见。Please remind m
16、e of it again tomorrow in case I forget. 明天请再次提醒我以防我忘了。6.条件状语从句 分为真实条件句和非真实条件句（用在虚拟语气中） 。由下列连词引导：if, unless, suppose, supposing, providing(that),provided(that),given(that),in case, on condition that, as long as, so long as, so far as 等。(1)Unless=if not You will fail unless you study hard. 除非努力否则你就要失
17、败。(2)suppose, supposing, providing(that),provided(that),given(that)= if Suppose I dont have a day off, what shall I do? Given that he supports us, well win the election. 如果他支持我们，我们就会赢得选举。(3) on condition that, as long as, so long as = only if As long as you dont lose heart, you will succeed. 只要你不灰心，
18、你就会成功。(4) As far as I know, he cheated in the exam.As far as Im concerned , making money is not the only purpose of life.7.让步状语从句由下列连词引导：although, though, as, even if, even though ,while, whetheror, whoever, whatever, however, no matter+疑问词等。注意以下几点：1) although, though 引导让步状语从句时，主句前不能用 but,但可以加 yet,
19、still。Though it was raining hard, yet they didnt stop working. 尽管下着大雨，他们仍然在工作。2) as 引导让步状语从句时，必须用前置结构，通常是从句中的表语、状语或动词原形放在句首，放在句首的名词前的冠词要去掉。Though he is a child, he knows a lot.=Child as(though)he is, he knows a lot.（在 child 前不要用冠词）Good as he is , he wont be top of class.Though I like it very much, I
20、 wont buy it.=Much as I like it, I wont buy it.Try as he would, he couldnt lift the heavy box.3) whether -or (not ) 引导的从句，提供两个对比的 “尽管”情况， 含有条件意味。（Whether you ） believe it or not, it is true. 信不信由你， 这是真的。 Whether you come here or we go there , the topic of discussion will remain unchanged.4) 疑问词+ever
21、no matter +疑问词Whoever you are, you must show your pass. 无论你是谁，你都必须出示你的通行证。Whenever you come, you are welcome. 无论你啥时来，都欢迎。8.方式状语从句 由下列连词引导：as, as if, as though ,the way 等。At Rome we must do as the Romans (do). 入乡随俗Do it the way you were told (to). 教你怎样做就怎样做。He treats me as if I were a stranger. 他对待我象
22、陌生人一样。注意以下几点： 1)as 引导方式状语从句时意义为“按照”， “如同” ，前面常用加强语势。I did it just as you told me.= I did it just as told to He didnt win the match as expected. 他没有像预料的一样赢得比赛。巅峰英语培训学校 高二学习资料42) as if 和 as though 引导的从句中，谓语常用虚拟语气，有时也用陈述语气。It seems as if it were going to rain. 3)连词 while 和 whereas 可表示对比。Whereas he is r
23、ather lazy, she is quite energetic.注意状语从句中的省略现象1)连接词+ 过去分词 Unless repaired, the washing machine is no use. Though _or many times, David often drives after drinking. A. to be warned B. having been warning C warned D. being warned 2)连词+现在分词 Look out while crossing the street.3)连词+形容词/其他 常见的有 if necess
24、ary、if possible、when necessary、if any 等4)比较状语从句中的省略句。如：He arrived home half an hour earlier than (he had been)expected.9.比较状语从句 常用引导词：as(同级比较), than(不同程度的比较) 特殊引导词：the more the more ; just as ， so; A is to B what /as C is to D; no more than; not A so much as B She is as bad-tempered as her mother. T
25、he house is three times as big as ours. The more you exercise, the healthier you will be. Food is to men what oil is to machine. 食物之于人，犹如油之于机器。 随堂练习1. Tim is in good shape physically he doesnt get much exercise.A. if B. even though C. unless D. as long as2. The school rules state that no child shall
26、 be allowed out of the school during the day, _ accompanied by an adult.A. once B. when C. if D. unless3. you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.A. However a serious problem B. What a serious problem C. However serious a problem D. What serious a problem4Because of the he
27、avy traffic，it was already time for lunch break she got to her officeAsince Bthat C when Duntil w_w*w.k_s*5_u.c_o m5. John thinks it wont be long he is ready for his new job. A. when B. after C. before D. since6. Today, we will begin _we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.A. when B.
28、 where C. how D. what7.Dont be afraid of asking your teachers for help _ it is needed. Aas Bsince Cunless Dwhen8._the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not arrest him.AAlthough BAs long as CIf only DAs soon as9.There are，_ you dont mind me
29、saying so，several problems with this idea of yours.Aif Bunless C although Dbecause 10.I havent seen Ann for_long that Ive forgotten what she looks like.Asuch Bvery Cso Dtoo11.He found it increasingly difficult to read，_his eyesight was begining to fail.Athough Bfor Cbut Dso12.All the dishes in this menu， _otherwise stated，will serve two to three people.巅峰英语培训学校 高二学习资料5Aas Bif Cthough DunlessBDCCCB DAACBD
