1、Lesson 21 Mad or not?mad adj. 发疯sb. is mad “为而疯狂（着迷） ”的表示方法：be mad aboutIm mad about English.be crazy aboutgo bananas （go+adj. 变得 )They are going bananas. =go crazy=go mad (变疯了) reason n. 原因for this reason 由于这个理由、原因 For this reason,I was late.as+句子 由于because+句子 由于sum n. 量a sum of +不可数名词 一笔 a large s
2、um of 大笔的 a large sum of money 一大笔钱a great many + 可数名词复数a great number of + 可数名词复数plenty of 足够多的determined adj. 坚定的, 下决心的be determined to do sth. 下定决心做某事make up ones mind 下定决心decide to do sth. 决定做make a decision to do sth. 决定做determine v.下定决心【课文讲解】1、Mad or not? = mad or not mad?or not 在疑问词的后面，表示“是还不
3、是” ，选择概念2、Aeroplanes are slowly driving me mad.drive sb. mad 逼某人发疯 The teacher is slowly driving me mad.3、I live near an airport and passing planes can be heard night and day.night and day 日日夜夜，夜以继日 (注意连读)passing planes 过往飞机 （passing 是现在分词，作定语，起形容词作用，修饰planes， “经过的 (路过)，过往的” ）He forgot the man with
4、passing time. 随着时间的消逝，他忘掉了那个人。sleeping baby 正在睡觉的小孩waiting car 正在等待的车4、The airport was built years ago, but for some reason it could not be used then.years 前面不加确定的数词时，一般表示 “许多年”years ago = many years ago，weeks 等的用法与它相似I have not seen him for weeks.some+可数名词单数 某一 for some reason 由于某个理由Ill tell you so
5、meday. 某一天Well talk about it some other time. 我们改日再谈这件事。5、Last year, however, it came into use.however 然而（用于句首, 句中, 用逗号隔开）use n. 使用come into use 启用，开始被使用（主动概念，没有被动式）The road came into use last month. vt. 使用 be used 被使用（被动）6、Over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noi
6、se.over a hundred 一百多must have been done 过去发生 , 表示推测，被动away from 从某地离开（away 离开某地）7、I am one of the few people left.one of 之一(表示特指的一群人 /一些东西中的一个，后面的名词用复数 )One of the girls standing over there is Tims sister.You can take one of these bags.left 表示被留下来的，leave 过去分词, left 作定语放在被修饰词的后面 left 剩下的东西，I have a
7、bag left.There is ten cents left in my pocket. （cent n.(货币单位) 分, 分币）8、Sometimes I think this house will be knocked down by a passing plane. I have been offered a large sum of money to go away, but I am determined to stay here.knock down 撞倒offer v. 提供（相当于 given）双宾语的被动语态中，主语有两种可能; 以 sb.做主语或以 sth.做主语gi
8、ve sb. sth.被动 sb. be given sth. give sth. to sb.被动 sth. be given to sb.双宾语在变被动时用离动词最近的宾语做主语【Special Difficulties】 Drive 的用法 v. 开车, 驾驶 (drove, driven, driving)drive to 开车去往某地I drove to Tianjing yesterday vt. 赶，驱赶，围赶（猎物、敌人等）drive sb. away from 把某人赶走drive sb. out of 把某人赶出去During the war, many people we
9、re driven out of their homes.drive sb. back 撵回去Our army drove the enemy back. vt. 逼迫，迫使drive sb. mad 逼疯The death of all her children has driven her mad.Home and Househome n. &adv. 家，家庭，家园（着重指所居住的人，常有爱、温暖、舒适、安全等隐含意义，带有感情色彩）I have a sweet home.house n. 房子，房屋，住宅（指建筑物）Tom must be somewhere in the house.
10、 汤姆肯定在这屋子里的某个地方。【Multiple choice questions】4 It couldnt be used then. It wasnt _d_ to use it.a. able b. allowed c. impossible d. possibleit+be 动词+形容词 +to do（翻译时先译 “to” 后面的句子） 是的be able to 强调主语能够做某事, 主语必须是人it+be 动词+表语 , be allowed 不能充当表语. 如将 “it” 改为 “people(人)” 就 A,B 都正确5 Over a hundred people must h
11、ave been driven away. _a_ they were.a. I think b. Im sure c. Certain d. Of coursemust have been done：对过去的一种被动语态的推测must have done : 对过去的一种推测Im sure 我肯定Im sure she is teacher. I think 我认为of course 当然 ； certain adj. 当然（词性不对 , 句子前不应放形容词）9 I have been offered a large _a_ of money.a. amount b. number c. s
12、ome d. piecea large number of +可数名词（不能加不可数名词）an amount of+不可数 一大笔some of/plenty of 前面是不加 “a/an” 10 I am determined to stay here. I _d_ stay here.a. am will to b. want to c. may d. am going tobe going to 打算、计划want to 来自心里的一种想, 喜好，喜欢Lesson 22 A glass envelopedream v. 做梦, 梦想 vt. 做梦，梦见dream that +从句I dr
13、eamt/dreamed (that) I was in Scotland. vi. 做梦，梦见（与 of，about 连用）dream on 继续做梦, 痴心妄想(做你的梦去吧! 别痴心妄想了!)dream of/about sth. 梦想I often dream of/about you.dream of doing sth. 梦想做某事I dreamed of flying in the sky. I dreamed of finding the gold. / I dream of being a good teacher.think of 想，考虑，想起Do you ever th
14、ink of the girls you met at a party?你会想起你在一个晚会上遇到的姑娘们吗？ n. 梦；梦想，幻想have a dream = dream a dream 做了一个梦Have a good/sweat dream! 祝你做个好梦!Have you heard of the American Dream?dream boat 梦中情人, 梦寐以求的(物, 人)daydream 思想开小差，做白日梦 She is daydreaming.age n. 年龄teengager n. 十几岁的人 adolenscent n. 青春期(一般指成年以前由 13 至 15
15、的发育期)throw（threw，thrown） v. 扔, 抛 vt. 投，扔，抛Throw the ball to Tom.throw away 扔掉Shall I throw this old newspaper away? 把对准目标，向作出举动George was very happy today. Julie had thrown a smile at him in the morning.The boss threw him an angry look.【课文讲解】1、My daughter, Jane, never dreamed of receiving a letter f
16、rom a girl of her own age in Holland.同位语 My daughter，Janedream of doing sth. 梦想，幻想 of ones own age 同年龄的He is boy of my own age.receivefrom 从收到2、Last year, we were travelling across the Channel and Jane put a piece of paper with her name and address on it into a bottle.the Channel= the English Channe
17、l 英吉利海峡with 可放在句子后面做状语用，也可放在名词后面做定语。这里的“with her name and address on it”用来修饰名词 “a piece of paper”。I have a bag with books in it.(“in it” 不能省略)3、Both girls write to each other regularly now.write to sb. 给某人写信 write (a letter) to meeach other 相互，彼此 one another 强调三或三者以上的相互，有时可替代 each other4、Letters wil
18、l cost a little more, but they will certainly travel faster.cost 意为“（使）花费，价钱为”,其主语通常为某物或某件事情It costs a lot to buy a house.sth. cost (sb.) 花了某人（钱） The dress cost me twenty pounds.Its a little hotter. Its much hotter.That is more expensive. （贵一些）That is a little more expensive. （稍微有点贵）That is much mor
19、e expensive. （贵得多）【Key structures 】 跟 of, from, in 和 on 的动词动词+介词的固定短语通常可分开使用，可以有自己的宾语，并且大部分都可用于被动结构：1、后接 of 的动词：accuse of（控告） ；approve of（赞成） ；assure of（让放心） ；beware of（谨防） ；boast of/about（夸耀）, complain of/about（埋怨） ；consist of（由组成） ；convince of/about（使信服） ；cure of（治愈） ；despair of（丧失希望） ；dream of/ab
20、out（幻想） ；expect of/from（期望） ；hear of/from（听到消息） ；be/get rid of（摆脱） ；smell of（闻到） ；suspect of（对猜疑） ；think of/about（思考） ；tired of（对感到厌烦） ；warn of/against（警告 有危险）Someone must warm him of the difficulties. 必须有人提醒他有这些困难。He has already been warned of them. 他已经被警告过了。Dont expect too much of your child.He mu
21、st have spoken of the matter to John.I have never heard of the actress.2、后接 from 的动词：borrow from（从借） ；defend from/against （保护使免于） ；demand from/of（向要求） ；differ from（有别于） ；dismiss from（解雇） ；draw from（从中得出） ；emerge from（从出现） ；escape from（从逃出） ；excuse from/for（允许不） ；hinder from （阻止） ；prevent from （妨碍） ；
22、prohibit from（不准许）；protect from/against（向 提抗议） ；receive from（接到） ；separate from（把分开） ；suffe from（受难）He has already received money from three aunts. 他已经收到三个姑妈的钱了He borrowed three books from Mary.He always asked for help from parents.3、后接 in 的动词：believe in（信仰） ；delight in（喜欢） ；employ(ed) in （从事） ；enco
23、urage in（鼓励） ；engage(d) in（正做） ；experience(d) in（在有经验） ；fail in（没有尽到） ；help in/with（帮助） ； include in（包括） ；indulge in（沉醉） ；instruct in（教导） ；interest(ed) in（对感兴趣） ；invest in（投资） ；involved in（卷入） ；persist in（坚持） ；share in（分享）She delights in working hard. 她喜欢努力工作。He failed in his French test. 他法语考试没有通过。
24、Jack helped me in driving the sheep home. 杰克帮我把羊赶回家。Mrs. Turner is experienced in teaching. 特纳夫人很有教学经验。4、后接 on 的动词：act on（遵守） ；based on（在基础上） ；call on（拜访） ；comment on（评论） ；concentrate on（集中于） ；congratulate on（祝贺） ；consult on/about（商量） ；count on（依赖） ；decide on（决定） ；depend on（依靠） ；economize on（节约） ；em
25、bark on（从事） ；experiment on（尝试） ；insist on（坚持） ；lean on/against（倚靠于） ；live on（靠为生） ；operate on（起作用） ；perform on/in（扮演） ；pride(oneself) on（为感到自豪） ；rely on（依靠） ；vote on a motion/for someone（对表决( 投的票)） ；, write on/about（写的事） ；.I think he wrote on the cost of living. 我想他写的是关于生活费用方面的。He finally decided on
26、 going home. 他最后决定回家。You cant live on fruit only. 你不能只吃水果。Last Sunday, we called on Mr. Dupont. 【Multiple choice questions】8 We were travelling across the Channel. We went on a _c_ across the Channel.a. sail b. travel c. trip d. rungo on a trip 进行旅行9 Jane wrote her name and address on a _d_ of paper
27、.a. lump b. bar c. tube d. sheeta lump of paper 一团纸 a bar of 一条, 一块a tube of paper 一桶(管 )纸 a piece of paper/a sheet of paper 一张纸10 Both girls often write to each other now. They write _a_ .a. frequently b. occasionally c. sometimes d. now and againoften = frequently occasionally(偶尔) = sometimes(有时)
28、= now and again(时而, 不时)7 The girls write _a_ regularly now.a.to one another b.the one to the other c.each to other d.to otherone another(三者) = each other(两者) 互相，彼此，一般可互换They love each other.Lesson 23 A new housecomplete v. 完成 (喜欢与建筑工程连用 ) vt. 完成，结束complete the buildingWork on the new school will be
29、completed next year. adj. 完整的，全部的鲁迅全集中的 “全集” 就用 “complete” Do you know the complete story?This is a complete family. adj. 十足的，彻底的，绝对的There is complete silence in the room.That was a complete surprise.finish v. 完成finish/complete homeworkfinish/complete doing sth. 某事做完了I finish reading a book.modern a
30、dj. 新式的, 与以往不同的，现代的modern history/art 现代史/ 现代艺术modernization n.现代化strange adj. 奇怪的(表示因为对一个东西不熟悉而觉得奇怪, 陌生的) adj. 外地的，异乡的Living in a strange land is not always a pleasant thing. adj. 陌生的，生疏的That morning, he saw a strange face in the classroom.be strange to sth. 对不习惯, 对陌生This city is quite strange to m
31、e.stranger n. 陌生人 (注意 应读成 ) adj. 不平常的，奇特的，奇怪的，古怪的The house looks strange to some people.A strange thing happened this afternoon.district n. 地区，行政划分的区域, 城市内的district n. 地区，行政区，地域，地带，通常隶属于某个整体或具有某些地理特征Haidian District 北京的海淀区 The Lake District of Northern England is very beautiful. 英国北部的湖区非常美丽。area n.
32、地段region n.地带，区域，地方，(世界上某个特定的) 地区, (艺术,科学等的) 领域, (大气, 海水等的)层【Text】I had a letter from my sister yesterday. She lives in Nigeria. In her letter, she said that she would come to England next year. If she comes, she will get a surprise. We are now living in a beautiful new house in the country. Work on
33、 it had begun before my sister left. The house was completed five months ago. In my letter, I told her that she could stay with us. The house has many large rooms and there is a lovely garden. It is a very modern house, so it looks strange to some people. It must be the only modern house in the dist
34、rict.【课文讲解】1、If she comes, she will get a surprise.get a surprise 感到惊奇（这里 surprise 是可数名词，指“令人惊奇的事，意想不到的事” ）Its a surprise to me that they cant sell their flat.surprise 也可以作不可数名词，表示“惊讶”She looked at the man in surprise.to ones surprise = I get a shock. 吃了一惊2、We are now living in a beautiful new house
35、 in the country.a beautiful new house离一个名词最近的词跟该词的关系最密切, 冠词肯定是放在最前面的spare old cloth 不穿的旧衣服a big red flag 大红旗 (flag n. 旗, 标记；v. 标记)3、Work on it had begun before my sister left.work（工作，作业）是抽象的不可数名词， “的工作 ”后面必须用介词 on4、In my letter, I told her that she could stay with us.stay with 跟暂住在一起 （stay vi. 暂住，逗留
36、）He stayed with his uncle last week.【Special Difficulties】 There is and It is在说明或询问人或物等的存在时可用 there be 结构。这种结构可以用一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时及现在完成时等时态。在用 there 表示过存在后，就必须用 it 或人称代词作进一步说明：Theres a bus coming, but its full.Theres a man at the door. Its the postman.it 作为“虚主语”表示时间、距离、天气等概念时，不能用 there be 结构Its fift
37、een miles to the station.Exercise(用 it 或 there 填空)3 _ were some men digging up the road outside my house.there : There+be+sb.+doing+地点 : 某地有某人正在做某事(典型句型)digging up: 挖出, 找出4 Look at those clouds. I think _ will be a thunderstorm.there : 在表示天气的时候, 后面如果是动词或形容词 , 用 it, 如果是名词, 用 there be.It is raining(动词
38、)/It is cold(形容词).There be +名词 : There is a rain. 那儿有一场雨thunderstorm n.雷暴, 大雷雨9 After dinner _ will be a long discussion on politics.there on politics 关于政治 (politics n.政治, 政治学, 政纲, 政见)10 When will _ be convenient for you to come?it When will it be convenient for you? 什么时候对你来说最方便 ?Lesson 24 It could
39、be worsemanager n. 经理(用能力, 办事的)boss n. 老板（有钱）head n. 头儿，领导（表示重要，系亲密的人物）upset adj. 不安(事发后)nervous adj. 紧张，不安(事发前)complain v. 抱怨 vi. 抱怨，发牢骚，诉苦（常与 of，about 连用）complain of/about (to sb.) 对某人/ 向某人抱怨Dont complain about/of the weather.I compianed of my salary to my boss. vi. 控告，抗议（与 of，about 连用）The people
40、in that district complained to the police about the noise from that factory.那家工厂噪音太大，当地的人们已向警方投诉。Mary complained to the Jacksons about the rubbish they had thrown everywhere.杰克逊一家乱扔垃圾，玛丽已向他们提出抗议。wicked adj. 很坏的, 邪恶的 adj. 邪恶的，坏的（道德上的坏，可用 “evil” 替代）She saw a wiched smile on his face. adj. 淘气的，顽皮的（尤指小孩
41、）Dont be so wicked, Tom. adj.（天气）恶劣的Few people walked about in this wicked weather.contain v. 包含, 内装(强调用容器装)container n. 集装箱，容量contain v. 用容器装 The cup contains water. = The cup is full of water.The bag contains books.include v. 包含honesty n. 诚实honest adj. 诚实的honestly adv. 诚实地I honestly dont know. 我真的
42、不知道。【Text】I entered the hotel managers office and sat down. I had just lost $50 and I felt very upset. I left the money in my room, I said, and its not there now. The manager was sympathetic, but he could do nothing. Everyones losing money these days, he said. He started to complain about this wicke
43、d world but was interrupted by a knock at the door. A girl came in and put an envelope on his desk. It contained $50. I found this outside this gentlemans room, she said. Well, I said to the manager, there is still some honesty in this world!【课文讲解】1、I entered the hotel managers office and sat down.t
44、he hotel mangers office 名词可以修饰名词telephone number 电话号码the village fair 乡村集市 (the fair of the village = the fair in the village)2、I had just lost $50 and I felt very upset.lose vt. 遗失，丢失（宾语一般为钱物）Dont lose your key.feel +形容词一般指心情“觉得，感觉到”feel upset 心烦意乱，很苦恼3、The manager was sympathetic, but he could do
45、nothing.could do nothing= could do nothing about it 对此事无能为力I could do nothing to help you. 我没有办法帮你, 我无能为力Can you help me?Sorry,I could do nothing for you. / Certainly. Of couse. Its my pleasure.4、Everyones losing money these days, he said.days 可以指“时期，时代” ，如 in his boyhood days（在他的童年时代） 。these days 指
46、“现今”用进行时态取代一般现在时, 在英文是一种修辞方法, 表示不满, 一种感情。5、He started to complain about this wicked world but was interrupted by a knock at the door.start to do sth. = start doing sth. 开始做某事，两者无区别a knock at the door (敲门声) knock at the door (敲门, 指动作)6、A girl came in and put an envelope on the desk.=A girl came in wi
47、th an envelope and put it on the desk.【Multiple choice questions】10 He lost his money. His money was _b_ .a. losing b. missing c. going away d. disappearinglose v. 丢失 sb. lose sth. 人丢失东西（宾语一般为钱物）miss v. 怀念, 错过, 丢失missing adj. 丢失的My keys are lost/missing.I lose my book /My book was lost /is missing /
48、be missed.My child is missing. （人丢了只能用 missing，不能用 be lost）missing boy 失踪的孩子go away 离开(人走) sb. go away be gone 不见了 Gone with wind 飘( 随风而逝), My book is gone. 我的书不见了disappear vi. 不见了( 瞬间动词 ), 没有被动语态, 也很少用进行时态His money disppeared.表示东西不见了的几种表示：lose sth./sth. be lost；sth. is missing；sth. is gone.；sth./sb. disappear/disappeare
