1、Nov. 5th, 20131连词 1(一)、概述：连词是连接单词、短语或句子（包括从句与分句）的词。连词是虚词，在句子中一般不重读，不能单独作句子成分。(二)、连词的分类： 并列连词&从属连词并列连词 ：并列连词用来连接具有并列关系的词，短语或句子。常见的并列连词有：1.表并列关系的 and, bothand, not onlybut also, as well as, neithernor 等。1）and: 可以连接两个的词，多用于肯定句中。例如：He started to shout and sing. 连接两个句子，表示因果、对比、条件、假设、目的等。2）bothand “不但而且；
2、既又” ，可以并列主语、宾语、表语、状语、谓语等成分。并列主语时谓语动词用复数形式。例如：Both New York and London have traffic problems. The secretary both speaks and writes Spanish.3）not onlybut also “不但.而且” ，是并列连词，可以连接两个词，也可连接两个句子。其中，but also 中的 also 可以省略。a.连接两个成分not onlybut also 可以连接句中所有的成分，连接并列主语时，其谓语动词根据就近原则，与所靠近的成分保持数的一致。例如：Not only the
3、 students but (also) their teacher is enjoying the movie.He can speak not only French but (also) English.He not only had seen the film but also remembered what he had seen.b.并列两个句子not onlybut also 可以连接两个句子，not only 位于句首时， not only 后的句子要倒装。例如：Not only is he a scientist, but he is also a fighter.Not o
4、nly was everything he had taken away, but his citizenship.4) as well as 其连词作用，表示“同、和、也”等。在连接两个主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。例如：The editors as well as the proofreaders are working overtime. I have read his novels as well as his plays.Tom as well as his parents likes reading.5）neithernor “既不也不”连接主语时，谓语动词也依据就近原则。例如
5、：Neither you nor I am wrong.连接两个句子，当 neither, nor 放句首时，该句倒装。例如：Neither could theory do without practice, nor could practice do without theory.2. 表选择关系的 or, or else, eitheror, otherwise 等。1) or “或” 可以连接两个的词，多用于否定或者疑问句中。主语的人称、数不一致时, 动词随着接近的主语而变化。例如：John or you are in Class Two. He never smokes or drin
6、ks. Will you have tea or coffee? 2）or else “否则”例如：Hurry up, or else well be late for the meeting.Nov. 5th, 201323）otherwise “否则” 例如：Lets begin, otherwise, we will fall behind.4）eitheror “或者或者 ” 连接主语时，谓语动词依据就近原则。例如：Either my father or my brothers are coming.3. 表转折关系的 but, while（而）, yet, however（然而） ,
7、 notbut 等。例如：Learning the guitar isnt difficult ,but you have to practice.She thought I was talking about her daughter, while in fact I was talking about my daughter.He was in deep trouble, yet he didnt lose heart.Rick was very successful. However, the last few years of his life were not happy ones.
8、notbut“不是而是”在连接主语时，谓语动词要按就近原则，与靠近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。例如：Not the manager but the workers are hoping to do that.Not you but I am a teacher.4.表因果关系的 for, so, therefore 等。1) for 表示原因，对前面的情况加以解释，有逗号把它和前面的分句分开。例如：The shop was quite new, for it had opened only the week before.2）so 表示结果，意为“因此，所以，于是” 。例如：These bui
9、ldings were over 50 years old, so they were not strong enough.3）therefore 意为“因此, 所以” ，多放在分句或句子的前面。例如：He broke the law ,therefore he was put into prison.Nov. 5th, 20133【并列连词过关检测】一选择题。1. John plays basketball well,_his favorite sport is badminton.A. so B. or C. yet D.for 2. You have failed two tests.
10、Youd better start working harder, _you wont pass the course. A. and B. so C. but D. or3. Start out right away, _ youll miss the first train. A. and B. but C. or D. while4. Somebody wants you on the telephone. _ no one knows Im here.A. For B. And C. But D. So5. Follow your doctors advice, _ your coug
11、h will get worse. A. or B. and C. then D. so6. There are many kinds of sports , _ my favorite is swimming. A. as B. then C. so D. but 7. Were going to the bookstore in Johns car. You can come with us_ you can meet us there later. A. but B. and C. or D. then8. Would you like to come to the dinner par
12、ty here on Saturday? Thank you. Id love to, _ Ill be out of town at the weekend. A. because B. and C. so D. but9. Go along（沿着 )the road, _ youll find the market（市场） at the end of it.A. when B. and C. or D. though10. Physics（物理） is not so easy, _I like it very much.A. but B. or C. since D. because11.
13、 Henry is very smart（优秀）, _ many of his classmates（同班同学） like him.A. but B. so C. or D. for12. Will Gary wait for her at home _ at the library?A. or B. as C. and D. both13. I cant sleep well at night, _I often feel very tired in the day.A. so B. for C. and D. or14. When youre learning a foreign lang
14、uage（外语） , use it, _ you will lose it.A. but B. or C. then D. and15. -Can you play football?-Yes, I can, _ I cant play it very well.A. or B. and C. but D. so16. Study hard, _ you will fall behind.A. and B. but C. so D. or17. My experiment（实验）seems to（似乎）have been successful（成功）, _ I am not Nov. 5th,
15、 20134satisfied.（满意）A. but B. still C. and D. or18. _ David _I are policemen.A. Neither.nor B. Either.or C. Both.and D. Not only. but also19. It was late. She washed her face _ went to bed.A. or B. and C. so D. but20. Mr. Zhang felt a little tired, _ he still went on working.A. but B. and C. so D. O
16、r二根据句意选用 and, but, or, so, while, for 填空。1. The ground is wet, _ it rained last night.2. Its a fine day today, _ everyone is busy.3. This is our first lesson, _ I dont know all your names.4. Take an umbrella with you, _ youll get wet.5. Do you understand what I said _ do you want me to explain it ag
17、ain?6. We have classes in the morning, _ we dont have classes in the afternoon.7. She is a doctor _ I am a teacher.8. Use your head, _ youll find a way.9. They went to the zoo yesterday, _ they didnt see any animals.10. I must go now, _ its getting dark.11. Be careful, _ you will fall off the tree.12.Excuse me. Do you have a table for two?Im sorry, _ there arent any seats now. Would you mind waiting for a while?13. Never give up, _ youll make it.14. She was very thirsty, _ she drank some water from the river.15. You must work hard, _ youll fall behind.
