1、英语句子成分分析一、句子的基本成分是： 主语、谓语、宾语、 表语。补充成分是： 定语、状语、补语。二、各个成分分析。1， 主语 （Subject）可以作主语的有_、_、_、_、等。Listening to music makes me feel relaxed.吃太多对身体不好。2， 谓语 （Predicate）表示“做什么”、 “是什么”、 “怎么样”。简单类型（及物动词，不及物动词） 。不及物：happen rise appear apologize exist come die run （不可直接加宾语，需要介词）The students work very hardShe apolog
2、ized to me again. The accident happened yesterday evening.及物：visit，buy, catch, invent, found, like, observe, offer, prevent, promise, raise, find注意：是及物又是不及物的动词，有时意义很不相同。beat vi. 跳动 vt. 敲、打;grow vi.生长 vt. 种植 play vi.玩耍 vt. 打（牌、球）,演奏 smell vi.发出（气味）vt. 嗅 ring vi.（电话、铃）响 vt.打电话 speak vi.讲话 vt. 说（语言）联系定
3、语从句。This is reason _ he apologized.This is the wild cat _ he caught yesterday. 复合类型A,情态动词、助动词加不带 to 的动词不定式构成的复合谓语Ill go and move away the bag.Youd better catch a bus.B, 连系动词+ 表语构成的复合谓语。 Ps: 连系动词包括 be 动词、 感官动词、 “保持或变成”（turn， become， come， fall, get, go, grow, keep, remain, stay, prove, seem）的动词Tim br
4、other is a basketball player.Your sister is very cute.You look the same.The soldiers stood ready at their post. 非谓语动词和谓语动词的区别？ 在英语中，一个句子可以有很多动词，但中心谓语只有一个（并列句式除外） 。若有多个动词将会出现如下情况。会出现如下情况： 从句He thinks that this cup was broken by Jim The girl who is dancing is my little sister.What I said surprised all
5、 the people at present.Who will be our monitor hasnt been decided yet. When he came back, he found all family members were here. 非谓语He wants to be an astronaut someday.The deer runs quickly to escape from the leopard.I enjoy lying on the beach, reading and listening and readingHe went into the class
6、room, followed by some kids. 3，宾语（object）分为直接宾语和间接宾语两大类(通常，直接宾语指物，间接宾语指人)I will return the book to you tomorrow.Show me your new cloth. 4，表语（Predicative） 用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态。放在系动词之后。The leaves turned yellow in autumn. My opinion is that he should be punished. 5, 定语（Attributive）即修饰名词或者代词的，分为前置定语和后置
7、定语。以下为定语后置的情况：修饰 some，any，no，every 等词构成的不定代词的定语都后置Lets go somewhere quiet.There is nothing important in todays newspaper. 副词作定语The people here are very friendly.They lived in the room above. 介词短语作定语The boy in white is my classmate.The sentences on the blackboard were written by my head teacher. He i
8、s reading an article about how to live a healthy life. 6，状语(adverbial modifier) 说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等,修饰动词，形容词和副词。可以由下列形式充当： 副词。He went fast. He went rather fast.You have to speak quietly in the hospital. 不定式 I come specially to see you. (目的状语) 介词短语We shall meet at 8:00 am. Anderson is
9、playing badminton with her sister in the grassland. 从句做状语。 （时间状语，地点状语，条件状语，原因状语，目的状语，结果状语，让步状语等）Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.Where there is a will, there is a way.Wherever there is smoke, there is fire.I opened the window so that fresh air might come in.Although we have gr
10、own up, our parents treat us as children.The scientists report was so instructive that we were all very excited.If the singer holds a concert, I will go without hesitation. 7, 补语（complement ）分为宾补和主补。They caught the boy stealing.The boy was caught stealing 主补，即对主语的补充说明。He was elected president.The do
11、g is called Luck. The wall is painted white.The spy was ordered to be hanged.The criminals hands were kept behind his back. 宾补，即对宾语的补充说明。They found it a fantastic summer resort. I consider Bob very reliable. She heard Jim crying in the room. What you said made mother smile happily. I saw the kite up
12、 and down练习题。1，选出句中谓语的中心词。 I dont like the picture on the wall.A. dont B. like C. picture D. wall The days get longer and longer when summer comes.A. get B. longer C. days D. summer There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoonWhat I want to
13、tell you is this.A. want B. to tell C. you D. isWe had better send for a doctor.A. We B. had C. send D. doctor2，挑出下列句中的宾语。 My brother hasnt done his homework. People all over the world speak English. You must pay good attention to your pronunciation. How many new words did you learn last class? Some
14、 of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you? The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill. They made him monitor of the class. Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left. You will find it useful after you leave school. They didnt know who “Father Christmas
15、“ really is.2，挑出下列句中的定语。There is nothing wrong with the machine. The one under the tree looks a little sad. The answer you gave to me yesterday was wrong. People there are quiet friendly. 3, 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语.He could hear his heart beating fastThey thought this good adviceWed better leave the door open.
16、I could feel the cold wind blowing on my face.4, 挑出下列句中的状语 There was a big smile on her face. Every night he heard the noise upstairs. He began to learn English when he was eleven. The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast. With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off. She loves the library because she loves books. I am afraid that if youve lost it, you must pay for it. The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.
