1、 非谓语动词 1定义：动词除在句子中作谓语以外，还具有名词、形容词及副词的性质，在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补语等，这就是动词的非谓语动词。可分为三种：动词不定式、分词和动名词。 2动词不定式：to 动词原形（在某些情况下可以不带 to ） 。 （没有人称和数的变化，可以有自己的宾语和状语，可以有时态和语态的变化） 1 一般式：主动语态：to do , 被动语态：to be + 动词过去分词 (表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生或之后发生) 2 进行式：主动语态：to be doing , 被动语态：无 (表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生) 3 完成式：主动语
2、态：to have +动词过去分词，被动语态：to have been +动词过去分词(表示动作或状态在谓语动作之前就发生) 4 用法：A 作主语：To learn a foreign language is not easy . = Its not easy to learn a foreign language . B 作表语：The most important thing is to finish the work on time . C 作宾语： a. 动词to do . He decided to buy a new watch . (agree, choose, want, ho
3、pe, like, wish, learn, love, plan, try, start,afford ) b. 动词疑问词to do I dont know where to put the bike . c. 动词形式宾语(it) 宾补to do I find it important to learn a second foreign language .D 作补语： a. 动词宾语to do Tom asked me to show him the new shoes . (tell, wish, ask, want, like, beg, invite, allow, encour
4、age)b. 动词宾语不带 to 的动词 He often saw Tom play football .(see, hear, feel, watch, notice, have, make, let) E 作状语： a. 表示目的He went to Guangzhou to see his sons . He got up early in order to catch the first bus . b. 表示结果：He is too tired to walk any farther . They arent old enough to go to school .c. 表示原因：H
5、e is sorry to hear that . I am glad to see you . F作定语： I have something to tell you . I want to buy something to eat . 5 动词不定式 to 的省略：A 在感官动词 feel, hear, see, watch, notice 及使役动词 have, let, make 等后面要省 to，但在变被动语态时要还原不定式 to。 I often saw him go out of the room .- He was often seen to go out of the room
6、 by me . B在 had better, would rather, do nothing but 等后面常省 to。 6 动词不定式的否定形式：not + to do ，有时也可以用 never + to do 结构。 3动名词：动词原形ing 。具有名词、动词一些特征。 1 一般式：主动语态：doing ，被动语态：being + 动词过去分词（表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生或之后发生) 2 完成式：主动语态：having +动词过去分词，被动语态：having been + 动词过去分词（表示动作或状态在谓语动词的动作或状态之前就发生）Children enjoy w
7、atching animated cartoon . I dont remember having ever seen the film . 3 动名词的否定形式：not + 动名词（v-ing） I regret not being able to help you . 4 用法：A 作主语： a. 动名词作主语如果太长，可以用形式主语 it 代替。Learning English is very important .-Its very important to learn English . b. No + 动名词表示 “禁止” 。No smoking, No parking .B 作宾
8、语：He finished doing his homework . C 作表语：His favourite sport is playing basketball . D 作定语：shopping basket, finishing line . （表明名词的用途、功能等） E 动名词的复合结构：名词所有格、形容词物主代词动名词。Do you mind my / Wei Fangs opening the window ? 4分词：动词原形ing 。具有形容词、副词和动词一些特征。 （可分为现在分词、过去分词） 现在分词 1 一般式：主动语态：doing ，被动语态：being + 动词过去
9、分词（表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生) 2 完成式：主动语态：having +动词过去分词，被动语态：having been + 动词过去分词（表示动作或状态在谓语动词的动作或状 态之前就发生） 3 动名词的否定形式：not + 动名词（v-ing） No understanding the meaning of the words, he couldnt explain the sentence . 4 用法： A 作表语。The result is surprising . B 作定语。Developing country (主谓关系) sleeping boy (boy 所
10、做的动作) C 作状语Passing by the house, he saw a girl playing the piano . = when he was passing by the house , he saw a girl playing the piano .D 作宾补。I found him lying on the grass. 过去分词 1 形式：规则动词ed，和不规则动词的过去分词。 2 过去分词的否定形式：not + 动词过去分词。3 用法： A 作表语：My bike is broken . He is very worried . B 作定语：developed c
11、ountry, fallen leaves, spoken English . C 作状语Asked why he was absent, he said he was ill . = When he was asked why he was absent, he said he was ill . D 作宾补：You had better have your shoes mended . I had my hair cut yesterday .动词+to do 和动词+doing 句型总结 一、带动词 ing 形式 1. keep doing 2. keep sb. Doing 3. pr
12、actise doing sth. 4. enjoy doing 5. finish doing 6. be afraid of doing 7. be busy doing 8. look forward to doing 9. how about doing、./what about doing 10. spend some time (in)doing 11. spend some money (in)buying 12. feel like doing 13. stop/keep/prevent from doing 14. thank sb for doing15. thanks f
13、or doing 16. dosome cooking/cleaning/reading/shopping/washing 17. go swimming/fishing/shopping/skating/boating 18. mind doing 19. cant help doing 20. consider doing 21. have fun doing sth have difficulty doing sth have trouble doing sthhave problem doing sth 22. waste time/money doing 23. instead of
14、 doing 24. miss doing 25. hold on to doing 26. pay attention to doing 27. suggest doing 28. Its time for doing 29. There is sb doing sth 30. be used to doing sth 31. be used for doing sth32. have a lot of experience 33. sb allow doing sth 34. put off doing sth 35. succeed in doing sth 36. end up doi
15、ng 37. give up doing 二含有不带 to 的动词不定式句型： 1. had better (not) do sth. 2. would you please (not) do sth 3. why not do sth. 4. why dont you do sth. 5. Shall we do sth.? 6. let sb do sth. 7. make sb. do sth. have sb do sth 8. feel sb do sth 三、含有带 to 的动词不定式句型：1. Its time to do sth. 2. It takes sb. some ti
16、me to do sth 3. tell/ ask/ want/encourage/invite/ sb. to do sth. 4. Would you like to do sth.? 5. Its good/bad to do sth 6. Its good/bad for sb.to do sth. 7. be +adj.+ enough to do sth. 8. sb. is ready to do sth. 9. Its + adj.+ for sb. to do sth. 10. Its + adj.+ of sb. to do sth 11. would like/love
17、/decide/want/wish/to do sth. 12. would like/love sb. to do sth. 13. Prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 14. how/ when/where/whether to do sth 15. cant wait to do 16. too to do 17. be afraid /ready/able/sure to do 18. Its time to do sth 19. My job is to do sth 20. My dream is to do sth 21. My hobby
18、 is to do sth 22. refuse to do sth 23. warn sb to do sth 24. pretend to do sth 25. .teach/learn to do sth 26. need to do sth 27. be willing to do sth 28. .try to do sth 29. try ones best to do sth 30. agree to do sth 31. seem to do sth 32. plan to do sth /make a plan to do sth 33. in order to do sth
19、34. have a chance to do sth 35. find it +adj + for sb to do sth 36. have sth to do 37. There is sth for sb to do 38. be anxious to do 39. afford to do sth 40. 两个动作连用，表目的 41. used to do sth 42. be used to do sth 43. be supposed to do sth 44. allow sb to do sth 45. sb be allowed to do sth 46. the best
20、 way is to do sth 47. the next step is to do sth 48. have nothing to do with 49. the first thing is to do sth 50. its best to do sth 51. its a good time to do sth 52. it is a good way to do sth 53. add to do 54. urge sb to do 55. educate sb to do 56. wait for sb to do 57. order sb to do 58. happen t
21、o do sth 59. lead sb to do sth 60. it a good place to do sth 61. invite sb to do 62. get to do sth 63. expect to do 64. volunteer to do sth 65. offer to do sth 66. have an opportunity to do 67. get sb to do sth 68. its ones duty to do sth 69. use sth to do sth 70. be sure to do sth 71. have to do st
22、h 72. be able/unable to do sth 四、既用带 to 的动词不定式又用 ing 形式的句型： 1. stop to do/ doing 2. forget to do/ doing 3. remember to do/doing 4. go on to do/doing 5. like to do/doing 6. love to do/doing 7. prefer to do/doing 8. hate to do/doing 五、下列结构用带 to 的动词不定式和 ing 形式含义相同：、 1. .begin to do/doing 2. start to do
23、/doing 3. continue to do/doing 4. take turns to do/doing 六、既用不带 to 的动词不定式又用现在分词的句型：用不带 to 的动词不定式强调动作的完成过程；用现在分词强调动作的进行状态。 1. hear sb do sth./doing 2. listen to sb do sth./doing 3. look at sb do sth./doing 4. see sb do sth./doing 5. watch sb do sth./doing 6. notice sb do sth/doing初中英语总复习专项练习非谓语动词 一根据
24、句意，用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. Is it necessary _(learn) a foreign language? 2. He is good at _(swim). 3. Do you have anything _(say) for yourself? 4. Its spring now. its time _(plant) trees. 5. Dont keep me _(wait) for a long time. 6. The policeman told the boys not _(play) in the street. 7. Her son is too you
25、ng _(dress) himself. 8. Lets _(have) a rest, shall we? 9. The speaker spoke too quickly for us _(understand). 10. The little boy is not old enough_(read). 11. I asked him _(show) me his new pen. 12. Knives are used for _(cut) things. 13. I really dont know what _(do) next. 14. I often hear people _(
26、say) “_(see) is_(believe)”. 15. Youd better _(try) this medicine. 16. They said they had nothing _(worry) about. 17. Can you finish _(read) the book in three days? 18. The doctor was busy _(operate) on the boy at that time. 19. _(tell) you the truth, I dislike making friends with him. 20. Stop _(tal
27、k) and listen to me carefully. 21. Thank you very much for _(help) us. 22. Granny is very ill and she doesnt feel like _(eat) anything. 23. Would you like _(climb) the mountain with me? 24. The girl enjoys _(listen) to light music. 25.We couldnt help _(laugh) after we heard the funny story. 26. What
28、 about _(go) out for a walk? II选择填空。 1. Would you please _ the door for me? a. holding b. not to hold c. hold d. held 2. Seeing an old man getting off the train, she hurried over _ things for him. a carrying b. to carry c. carried d. for carrying 3. Wed really like you _ to the party tonight. a. com
29、e b. to come c. will come d. should come 4. We can do nothing but _ the experiment. a. to repeat b. repeat c. repeating d. repeated 5. Have you got any thing _ about this matter? a. saying b. to say c. said d. say 6. He was not _ try it again. a. such a fool as to b. so a fool as to c. a fool such a
30、s to d. a fool so as to 7. He was too excited _. a. to go to sleeping b. to slept c. to go to sleep d. going to sleep 8. We cant have him _ like that all day. a. to work b. working c. to be worked d. work9.She were often heard _ this song when she was happy.a. sang b. singing c. sung d. to be singin
31、g 10.The train was seen _ at a very high speed toward the industrial center. a. travel b. travels c. traveled d. traveling 11Well soon have a person _ with us. a. to work b. working c. worked d. works 12._ has not been decided yet. a. To start when b. Why to start c. When to start d. Start to where
32、13. Do you think it difficult _? a. for me to do so b. for my to do so c. for I to do so d. for me doing so 14. She keeps telling us _. a. what to do b. doing what c. what is doing d. do what 15. _ is not known. a. Whom to begin the running test b. When to begin the running test c. When the running
33、test begin d. How begin to the running test 16. _ the job alone is impossible. a. To him to do b. For him doing c. For him to do d. For he to do 17. _ it should be made clear. a What to do b. Why to do c. Whom to do d. When can do 18.Our house needs _ before the rainy season arrives. a. to repair b.
34、 to be repair c. repaired d. repairing 19.I havent decided which hotel _. a. to stay b. is to stay at c. to stay at d. is for staying 20.I was almost asleep when I heard someone _ at the door. a. knock b. to knock c. knocked d. being knocked 21.I often spent much money _ books. a. to buy b. buying c
35、. on buying d. for buying 22.If you practice _ English whenever you can, you will soon speak well. a. talking b. going speak c. speaking d. to speak 23.We are tired of _ the same problem all the time. a. discussing b. to discuss c. discussing for d. discuss 24.She usually forgets _ the door, but she
36、 remembered _ it yesterday. a. to shutto shut b. shuttingshutting c. to shutshutting d. shuttingto shut 25.I _ a bus to school when it was raining. a. am used to take b. used to taking c. use to take d. was used to taking26. Im thirsty. Will you get me something _? A. drink B. to drink C. eat D. eat
37、ing 27. It was great fun _ a picnic on the hill. A. to have B. of having C. have D. had 28. Lily, keep the window _. The sandstorm hasnt stopped yet. A. close B. closed C. open D. opened 29. A policeman saw two thieves _ a girls mobile phone on a bus and he caught them at once. A. to steal B. steali
38、ng C. stole D. stolen 30. Its bad for your eyes _ computer games for a long time. A. plays B. to play C. play D. played 31. They were made _ fourteen hours a day. A. work B. working C. worked D. to work 32. Is it always easier _ friends than to keep them? A. making B. make C. to make D. made 33. He
39、stood there for two hours _ the game. A. watched B. watching C. is watching D. was watching 34. It _ Jack twenty minutes _ the math problem yesterday. A. took; to work out B. takes; worked out C. has taken; work out D. is taking; working out 35. When you leave, dont forget _ off the light. A. to tur
40、n B. turning C. turn D. turned 36. Who do you think youd like _? A. to make friends B. make friends C. to make friends with D. make friends with 37. Although Jeff loves KFC, he tries _ it too often. A. to eat B. not eat C. to not eat D. not to eat 38. -Hi, Betty. Shall we go swimming this Sunday? -T
41、his Sunday? I am sorry, I have a lot of homework _ this Sunday. A. to do B. done C. do D. to be done 39. Sally had no pen _ yesterday morning. A. to write B. to write with C. writing D. writing with 40. -Excuse me, sir. Look at the sign on the wall “NO _”. -Oh, Im sorry. Ill never do it again. A. PA
42、RKED B. SMOKE C. SPITTING D. SMOKED 41. -Boys and girls, will you please _ the park this afternoon? -OK. A. not cleaning out B. not to clean out C. to clean up D. clean up42. The Great Green Wall will stop the wind from _ the earth away.A. blow B. blowing C. blew D. to blow 43. How about _? A. to go
43、 out for a walk B. go swimming in the river C. visiting the sick children in the hospital D. to having lunch in the restaurant44. Its very kind _ you to _ me _ the heavy bag. A. for; tell; to take B. of; thank; for C. to; speak; to have D. of; help; carry 45. Have you decided _? A. to go with whom B
44、. whom to go with C. whom go with D. with whom to go 46. Her hope _ a gold medal in the 2008 Olympic Games. A. to win B. is to win C. winning D. will win 47. The meeting room is big enough _ one hundred people. A. holding B. hold C. to hold D. holds 48. Would you please pass me the knife _? A. to cu
45、t the watermelon with B. to cut the watermelon C. cutting the watermelon D. cutting the watermelon with49. It is better to teach a man to fish than _ him fish. A. giving B. to give C. gives D. gave 50. Jenny is interested in _ in her free time. A. listened to the radio B. reading magazines C. watch
46、TV D. plays tennis51. The policeman warned the young man_ after drinking. A. never to drive B. to never drive C. never driving D. never drive52. What do you think is the best way _the wild animals? A. protecting B. to protect C. protected D. protect53. Id rather _ on the land _ in a factory. A. work
47、; than work B. work; work C. to work; than to work D. to work; to work 54. They are looking forward to _ all over the world. A. travel B. traveled C. traveling D. be traveled 55. Would you mind _ because therere so many children _ here? A. smoke; play B. smoking; playing C. not smoking; play D. not smoking; playing 56. _ English is much easier than speaking it. A. Read B. To read C. Reading D. Reads 57
