1、1 Word Frequency List of American English Mark Davies and Dee Gardner 2010 These are entries 1-20,000 from the frequency lists that are available from www.wordfrequency.info. They are based on the 400+ million word Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA), which is the only large, recent, and
2、genre-balanced corpus of American English. Due to the characteristics of the corpus on which the data is based, you can be sure that the words that you find here are ones that you would encounter in the “real world“. Because the entries are arranged in order of frequency, you can maximize your study
3、 of English vocabulary in a way that is probably not available with any other resource. Other frequency lists are available from www.wordfrequency.info, including 5,000 and 10,000 word lists that have the same format as this one. In addition, it is possible to purchase frequency and collocates lists
4、 that contain 200-300 collocates for each word (compared to the 20-30 here), for a total of about 5,000,000 collocates for the 20,000 word list. Unlike this PDF version, the expanded collocates lists allow you to edit, copy from, and print from the files. On the other hand, those versions are not fo
5、rmatted as nicely as what you have here, they are more expensive, and they are designed mainly for use by (computational) linguists. In addition to the frequency lists, you can also purchase complete 2-gram and 3-gram lists from the entire 400 million word corpus, containing more than 100 million n-
6、grams. You can also purchase a printed (book) version of the entries 1-5,000, which was published by Routledge in 2010 as the Frequency Dictionary of American English: word sketches, collocates, and thematic lists. (Note that this list has about 30-40% fewer collocates for the words 1-5,000 than in
7、the printed book, because of a copyright agreement with Routledge in which we promised not to duplicate the contents of the book.) Finally, a note on accuracy. We believe that the frequency list itself (the words #1-5,000, 10,000 or 20,000) is very accurate - probably more so than any other frequenc
8、y list of English. In addition, the more than 100,000 collocates for words 1-5,000 have been corrected manually, although there are undoubtedly a few remaining problems. There are more than 250,000 collocates for the 10,000 word list and more than 500,000 collocates for the 20,000 word list. Because
9、 of the number of collocates, these have not been checked individually for accuracy, although many efforts have been made to correct the list as a whole. If you would like to see detailed information on the composition of the corpus, and details on exactly how the frequency list was created (tokeniz
10、ation, part of speech tagging, lemmatization, frequency and dispersion calculations, extracting collocates, etc), please see the introductory material in the book sample. Thank you for purchasing this frequency list. We hope that it will be a useful tool for you in your study, teaching, and research
11、 of English. 2 ALPHABETICAL INDEX A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z PART OF SPEECH INDEX verb noun adjective adverb function word (Note: use ALT to return to indexes from frequency-based entries) Format of entries Rank frequency (1, 2, 3, ), lemma, part of speech Collocates ( Synon
12、yms, when available) Raw frequency, dispersion (0.00 1.00), (register variation: Spoken, Fiction, Magazines, Newspapers, Academic) Note that the collocates are grouped by part of speech and ordered by frequency (most frequent first). The * + symbol indicates pre/post placement with regards to the he
13、adword. 1 the a of, first, year, most, world, over, same, day, end, between, United States, next, during 22038615 | 0.98 2 be v misc there, if, many, able, long, always, likely, since, never, sure, often, available, aware, afraid exist, live, have being | take place, happen, occur | be situated, be
14、located, remain 12545825 | 0.97 3 and c her, their, other, up, between, then, both, back, over, year, down, off, family, friend then, after that, afterward | plus, in addition to, as well as | furthermore, moreover, also 10741073 | 0.99 4 of i out, because, front, instead, terms, way, top, ahead, ou
15、tside, favor, place, charge, light, spite 10343885 | 0.97 5 a a lot, few, while, month, single, minute, chance, bit, series, hour, variety, huge, dozen, mile 10144200 | 0.98 6 in i which, year, new, way, place, world, life, school, country, case, area, city, United States, fact around, inside, withi
16、n | appearing in, taking part in, participating in, featuring in 6996437 | 0.98 7 to t in, want, try, back, need, able, lead, return, allow, enough, continue, listen, close, refer 6332195 | 0.98 8 have v noun trouble, knack, qualm, repercussion, recourse, inkling, misgiving, foresight misc already,
17、been, done, shown, begun, seen, gotten possess, own | must, need | make sure, make certain | receive, obtain | consume, take | think of, come up with | experience, undergo | be affected by, suffer from | organize, carry out | tolerate, put up with | produce, bear 4303955 | 0.97 9 to i in, want, try,
18、 back, need, able, lead, return, allow, enough, continue, listen, close, refer 3856916 | 0.99 3 10 it p think, so, because, seem, even, hard, easy, clear, whether, difficult, possible, sound, worth, impossible the aforementioned, he, she, her | the situation, the problem, the issue, the subject 3872
19、477 | 0.96 11 I p think, know, like, mean, believe, love, guess, sure, myself, remember, sorry, wonder, wish, afraid myself, I myself, I for one, I personally, yours truly, me 3978265 | 0.93 12 that c fact, believe, suggest, indicate, argue, realize, note, clear, evidence, ensure, aware, notion, stu
20、ff, correct 3430996 | 0.97 13 for i year, reason, wait, need, while, support, month, minute, hour, search, responsible, account, second, prepare aimed at, intended for, designed for, meant for | in favor of, in support of, pro 3281454 | 0.98 14 you p know, if, get, think, want, see, tell, me, thank,
21、 ask, let, need, mean, talk 3081151 | 0.92 S 15 he p say, when, tell, like, ask, feel, before, himself, believe, though, write, add, speak, die 2909254 | 0.94 16 with i deal, associate, fill, relationship, compare, contact, charge, interview, consistent, familiar, conversation, cope, exception, comf
22、ortable by means of, by, through | together with, along with, in conjunction with | in addition to, plus, including 2683014 | 0.99 17 on i base, side, focus, street, floor, ground, depend, basis, effect, rely, impact, list, attack, page sitting on, on top of, resting on, lying on | at, next to, by t
23、he side of, by 2485306 | 0.99 18 do v noun homework, harm, me, laundry, talking, disservice, bidding, housework, push-up misc you, what, not, know, think, want, why, mean, believe, care, mind perform, accomplish, act | see to, fix, prepare | solve, work out, resolve 2573587 | 0.95 19 say v noun offi
24、cial, expert, spokesman, analyst, critic, prosecutor, spokeswoman, diplomat misc goodbye, quietly, softly, needless, aloud, proudly, flatly, suffice, quoted speak, utter, articulate, declare | give away, express, disclose, display 1915138 | 0.95 20 this d year, country, case, week, point, morning, e
25、arly, season, month, article, stuff, weekend, summer, particular 1885366 | 0.96 21 they p because, so, want, like, before, believe, themselves, once, decide, realize, eat, insist, perceive, deserve 1865580 | 0.96 22 at i look, time, university, point, end, home, level, stare, center, moment, age, PM
26、, top, professor on, next to, by the side of, by 1767638 | 0.98 23 but c also, for, rather, nothing, necessarily, nonetheless, now, reason, everything, truth, moment, wear, sake, whole 1776767 | 0.97 24 we p go, know, think, so, see, our, need, talk, want, hear, before, believe, learn, ourselves 182
27、0935 | 0.94 S 4 25 his a hand, own, head, wife, eye, father, face, arm, mother, shake, son, brother, career, shoulder 1801708 | 0.95 26 from i range, different, remove, prevent, benefit, suffer, across, emerge, separate, derive, mile, perspective, distance, beginning as of, after, on or after, begin
28、ning, starting, commencing 1635914 | 0.99 27 that d fact, believe, suggest, indicate, argue, realize, note, clear, evidence, ensure, aware, notion, stuff, correct 1712406 | 0.94 S 28 not x only, enough, yet, sure, or, whether, simply, certainly, necessarily, mention, anymore, proofread, surprising,
29、merely 1638830 | 0.98 29 nt x do, can, know, want, any, why, anything, really, enough, understand, care, anymore, worry, matter 1619007 | 0.94 30 by i own, cause, surround, back, influence, affect, inch, accompany, replace, publish, inspire, mark, fund, dominate through, via, in | with, next to, nea
30、r | not later than, before, sooner than 1490548 | 0.96 31 she p her, say, like, herself, before, realize, cry, marry, soon, whisper, pregnant, reply, asleep, softly this woman, that woman, the woman in question, this girl, that girl, the girl in question 1484869 | 0.91 F 32 or c either, whether, min
31、ute, hour, whatever, month, search, modify, otherwise, sooner, mile, depending 1379320 | 0.97 33 as c well, such, much, long, such, far, same, result, part, though, soon, serve, possible, describe while, when, during | because, since, seeing that | like, identical to, the same as | to such an extent
32、, equally, to the same degree 1296879 | 0.98 34 what d do, know, about, happen, tell, like, mean, call, exactly, matter, wrong, wonder, hell, supposed 1181023 | 0.94 35 go v noun bed, bathroom, mile, nut, berserk, jail misc through, let, home, away, happen, ahead, beyond, sleep, anywhere, crazy on w
33、hat, inside, list, forever, hell, fighting, length, usual, heck, indefinitely off bomb, alarm, siren, beeper, bulb, pager, tangent, firework, flashbulb, firecracker back let, home, forth, sleep, inside, upstairs, downstairs, jail up flame, smoke, curtain, cheer, eyebrow, dramatically, roar, chimney
34、down sun, tube, swelling, breakfast, Titanic out dinner, public, party, breakfast leave, go away | travel, move | work, run | reach, extend | become, get | die, pass away 1151045 | 0.93 S 36 their a own, child, life, home, parent, ability, daughter, counterpart, peer, identity, neighbor, respective,
35、 relative, participation 1083029 | 0.97 37 can v noun others, Mr, equation, Dr, counselor, mean, anytime, me, Mrs, certainty, calorie, criteria, havoc, teacher-librarian misc you, nt, see, how, so, help, believe, afford, anything, imagine, understand, easily, cause, anyone, handle dismiss, fire, sac
36、k, discharge, give notice, let go 1022775 | 0.98 38 who p people, those, man, one, woman, live, someone, person, guy, anyone, care, individual, somebody, anybody 1018283 | 0.97 5 39 get v noun job, chance, trouble, call, help, message, sleep, impression misc better, home, rid, ready, marry, involved
37、, sick, closer, married, worse out there, vote, alive, ahead, safely, underneath, wallet, handkerchief, bail, checkbook back home, together, normal, track, basic, touch, till, eager, anxious up walk, early, speed, slowly, nerve, courage, dawn, pace, abruptly off bus, easy, ass, butt, lightly, scot-f
38、ree, duff become, grow | understand, comprehend | cause, make | contract, pick up | move, step | obtain, acquire 992596 | 0.94 40 if c you, even, ask, wonder, ever, anything, necessary, mind, somebody, desire, lucky, convict, correctly 933542 | 0.97 41 would v noun proposal, legislation, dollar, Dr,
39、 likelihood, guess, assurance, criteria, voucher, be-, Iraqi, acre, re-election, understatement, grandchild misc like, never, probably, hope, allow, able, expect, require, soon, rather, agree, certainly, otherwise, anyone, wonder 925515 | 0.97 42 her a she, she, hand, mother, eye, husband, own, head
40、, tell, face, father, hair, arm, daughter 969591 | 0.91 F 43 all d after, well, above, sort, along, while, stuff, virtually, equal, ingredient, due 892102 | 0.98 44 my a mother, father, life, own, friend, hand, head, eye, wife, mind, husband, brother, son, name 919821 | 0.93 F 45 make v noun decisio
41、n, sense, money, difference, mistake, point, choice, change, effort, statement, progress, movie, sound, love, deal misc sure, feel, easy, clear, possible, difficult, impossible, worse, easier up mind, percent, story, own, group, difference, lost, try, majority, mostly out can, word, barely, check, s
42、hape, bandit create, build | put together, assemble | manufacture, yield | throw together, cook | cause, bring about | earn, bring in | force, compel | turn into, become | appoint, elect | manage, accomplish | achieve, get into | make up, constitute | reach, get to 857168 | 0.98 46 about i talk, wha
43、t, think, how, tell, worry, something, question, write, hear, care, learn, information, story concerning, regarding, in relation to, on the subject of, on, with reference to 874406 | 0.96 47 know v noun guy, truth, stuff, hell, certainty, whereabouts, bound misc you, do, what, how, everyone, exactly
44、, everybody, nobody, anybody, firsthand, instinctively, intimately, collectively understand, be aware of, be knowledgeable about | experience, go through, undergo | be acquainted with, be familiar with, distinguish 892535 | 0.93 S 48 will v noun proposal, legislation, mistake, dollar, amendment, Dr,
45、 mile, neighbor, likelihood, be-, understatement, would-, in, is misc that, nt, think, like, like, never, why, probably, such, happen, so, hope, believe, allow, able want, wish, yearn, desire, long, hope against hope 824568 | 0.97 49 as i well, such, much, long, such, far, same, result, part, though
46、, soon, serve, possible, describe in the role of, in the function of, having the status of, being 829018 | 0.95 6 50 up r pick, come, grow, set, give, end, to, show, stand, wake, hold, bring, open, catch upward, uphill, in the air, aloft, higher, skyward 795534 | 0.95 51 one m no, thing, day, only,
47、most, another, another, only, reason, side, least, person, each, example 768232 | 0.98 52 time n adj long, short, hard, tough, prime, present, given, spare noun year, period, day, minute, lot, week, amount, space, couple verb spend, waste, cook, devote, elapse, shorten period, while, spell | occasion, instance, moment | era, age, epoch | tempo, measure, rhythm 764657 | 0.98 53 there e no, lot, nothing, something, little, reason, evidence, difference, enough, doubt, plenty, sig
