1、反意疑问句精讲 中学英语语法反意疑问句(tag question)又叫附加疑问句，是在陈述句后，对陈述句所叙述的事提出的疑问。其基本结构有两种： 一 “肯定陈述句 +简略否定问句”； 二 “否定陈述句+简略肯定问句”。反意疑问句的前后两部分在时态，人称和数上都要保持一致。It looks like rain, doesnt it? He doesnt need to work so late, does he?反意疑问句用法反意疑问句是由两部分组成的，前一部分是对事物的陈述（即陈述句） ，后一部分是简短的提问（即简短疑问句） ，中间用逗号隔开。如果前一部分用肯定句，后一部分就用否定疑问句；如果
2、前一部分用否定句，后一部分就用肯定疑问句。两部分的人称和时态要一致。其回答是用yes或no来表示。一、含be(is, are, was, were) 动词的反意疑问句其句型是：句型1:主语+ be+其它， isnt(arent, wasnt, werent)+ 主语?句型2:主语+ be not+其它，is(are, was, were) + 主语? You are from America, arent you? Yes, I am. No, Im not. It isnt very cold today, is it? Yes, it is. No, it isnt. Tom was aw
3、ay yesterday, wasnt he? Yes, he was. No, he wasnt. The Green werent at home last night, were they? Yes, they were. No, they werent. Mary is reading English now, isnt she? Yes, she is. No, she isnt. Your parents arent going to have a party this Sunday, are they? Yes, they are. No, they arent. The gir
4、ls were singing when the teacher came in, werent they? Yes, they were. No, they werent.注意：There be句型 There is an old picture on the wall, isnt there ? Yes, there is. No, there isnt. There arent any children in the room, are there? Yes, there are. No, there arent. There wasnt a telephone call for me,
5、 was there? Yes, there was. No, there wasnt. There were enough people to pick apples, werent there? Yes, there were. No there werent. 二、行为动词的一般现在时的反意疑问句其句型是：句型1: 主语+动词原形 +其它， dont I(you, we, they)?句型2: 主语+ dont+动词原形+其它，do I(you, we, they)?句型3: 主语+动词第三人称单数+其它， doesnt he(she, it)?句型4: 主语+ doesnt+ 动词原形
6、+其它，does he(she, it)? You often watch TV in the evening, dont you? Yes, I do. No, I dont. The students dont study hard, do they? Yes, they do. No, they dont. Mary studies Chinese hard, doesnt she? Yes, she does. No, she doesnt. The boy doesnt often go to school by bike, does he? Yes, he does. No, he
7、 doesnt. The first class begins at eight, doesnt it? Yes, it does. No, it doesnt.三、 行为动词的一般过去时的反意疑问句其句型是：句型1: 主语+动词过去式 +其它，didnt+主语?句型2: 主语+didnt+动词原形+其它，did + 主语? You watched TV last night, didnt you? Yes, I did. No, I didnt. Jims parents didnt go to Hong Kong last month, did they? Yes, they did. N
8、o, they didnt. The rain stopped, didnt it? Yes, it did. No, it didnt. Mr. Clarke didnt buy a car, didnt he? Yes, he did. No, he didnt.四、一般将来时的反意疑问句 其句型是：句型1: 主语+will+动词原形+其它，wont+主语?句型2: 主语+ wont +动词原形+其它，will +主语? The boys will play games, wont they? Yes, they will. No, they wont. It wont stop rain
9、ing, will it? Yes, it will. No, it wont. Mr. Smith will visit our school next week, wont he? Yes, he will. No, he wont.注意：There be句型的一般将来时 There will be a basketball match tomorrow, wont there? Yes, there will. No, there wont. There wont be too much pollution in the future, will there? Yes, there wi
10、ll. No, there wont.五、现在完成时的反意疑问句其句型是：句型1: 主语+have+动词过去分词+ 其它，havent+主语?句型2: 主语+ havent +动词过去分词+其它，have +主语?句型3: 主语+has+动词过去分词+其它，hasnt+主语?句型4: 主语+ hasnt + 动词过去分词+其它，has +主语? You have been to Shanghai before, havent you? Yes I have. No, I havent. You havent been to Shanghai before, have you? Yes I ha
11、ve. No, I havent. Jack has done his homework, hasnt he? Yes, he has. No, he hasnt. Jack hasnt done his homework, has he? Yes, he has. No, he hasnt.六、现在完成进行时的反意疑问句其句型是：句型1: 主语+have been+动词现在分词+其它，havent+主语?句型2: 主语+ havent been +动词现在分词+其它，have +主语?句型3: 主语+has been +动词现在分词+其它，hasnt+主语?句型4: 主语+ hasnt be
12、en +动词现在分词+其它，has +主语? You have been skating for five hours, havent you? Yes, I have. No, I havent. You havent been skating for five hours, have you? Yes, I have. No, I havent. Bob has been collecting kites since 1999, hasnt he? Yes, he has. No, he hasnt. Bob hasnt been collecting kites since 1999,
13、has he? Yes, he has. No, he hasnt.七、含有情态动词的反意疑问句其句型是：句型1: 主语+情态动词 +动词原形+其它，情态动词否定形式 +主语?句型2: 主语+情态动词否定形式 +动词原形+其它，情态动词 +主语? You can speak French, cant you? Yes, I can. No, I cant. They cant understand me, can they? Yes, they can. No, they cant. Ann could swim when she was six, couldnt she? Yes, she
14、could. No, she couldnt. The students must study hard, mustnt they? Yes, they must. No, they neednt.注意：You must go home now, neednt you? Yes, I must. No, I neednt. 值得注意的是有时英语的谓语动词并不用否定式（即没加上not） ，而是用上了“never, little, few, hardly, nothing, nobody”等词，这时该陈述句也属于否定句，因此，反意疑问句的后半部分应用肯定疑问式。 You have never be
15、en to Beijing, have you? Yes, I have. No, I havent. Mr. Fat has few friends here, does he? Yes, he does. No, he doesnt. There is little milk in the bottle, is there? Yes, there is. No, there isnt. He could do nothing, could he? Yes, he could. No, he couldnt.八、祈使句用于反意疑问句中这种类型较特殊，前一部分是祈使句，后一部分是肯定疑问形式。
16、回答也较灵活。句型1: Let me+动词原形+ 其它， shall I? Let me open the door, shall I? Yes, please. No, thanks.句型2: Lets+ 动词原形 +其它 ，shall we? Lets go for a walk, shall we? Good idea! Sorry, I cant.句型3: 其它形式的祈使句， will you? Come into the classroom, will you? OK.Please be careful, will you? 使用反意疑问句要注意以下若干对应规则： 一、 反意疑问句中
17、问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词在语气上成相反的对应关系，即： 肯定+否定？ 否定+肯定？如 ：You cant do it, can you? They are very late for the meeting, arent they? 二、 反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词种类要对应一致。如： He has supper at home every day, doesnt he? （不能用hasnt he? ） They have known the matter, havent they? （不能用dont they?） 三、 反意疑问句中问句部分的动词在时态上应和陈述部分的时
18、态一致。如： They will go to town soon, wont they?（不能用dont they?或 arent they?） He works very hard, doesnt he?（不能用didnt he?或wont he?） 四、 反意疑问句的陈述部分含有由un-, im-, in-, dis-, 等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时，陈述部分要视为肯定含义，问句部分用否定形式。如： Your father is unhappy, isnt he?（不能用is he?） The man is dishonest, isnt he? （不能用is he?） It is imp
19、ossible to learn English without remembering more words, isnt it?（不能用is it ?） 五、反意疑问句的陈述部分带有no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定意义的词时，问句部分用肯定式。如： She never tells a lie, does she?（不用doesnt she?） He was seldom late, was he?（不用wasnt he?） 六、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I am时，问句部分习惯上用arent I？
20、表示。如： I am a very honest man, arent I? 七、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I(We) think(believe, suppose, consider) + that从句时，问句部分的动词及主语与that从句内的动词和主语保持一致。如： I think that he has done his best, hasnt he? We think that English is very useful, isnt it? （不用dont we?） 八、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I(We) dont think(believe, suppose, consider)+ th
21、at从句时，从句为否定意义，问句部分的动词和主语仍与that从句保持一致且用肯定式。如： I dont think that you can do it, can you? （不用do I?） We dont believe that the news is true, is it? （不用do we?） 九、反意疑问句的陈述部分为非第一人称主语+ think(believe, suppose, consider) + that从句时，问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语保持一致。如： They all think that English is very important, do
22、nt they? （不用isnt it?） He didnt think that the news was true, did he? （不用wasnt/ was it?） 十、反意疑问句的陈述部分为主语+said( told, reported, asked) + that从句时，问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语保持一致。如： They said that you had finished your work, didnt they? （ 不用hadnt you） Kate told you that she would go there, didnt she? （不用wou
23、ldnt she?） 十一、陈述部分的主语为指示代词和不定代词that this something, anything, nothing, everything时，问句部分的主语用it。如： Something is wrong with the computer, isnt it?Nothing has happened to them, has it? 十二、陈述部分的主语为不定代词somebody(someone), anybody(anyone), nobody(no one), everybody(everyone)时，问句部分的主语用he或 they，这时问句动词的数应和he或
24、they一致。如： Someone has taken the seat, hasnt he?Everyone has done their best in the game, havent they? 十三、陈述部分为Let me时，问句部分习惯上用shall I? 或will you?形式。如： Let me have a try, shall I?(will you?) 十四、陈述部分为Let us时，问句部分习惯上用will you? 形式。如： Let us stop to rest, will you? 十五、陈述部分为Lets时，问句部分习惯上用shall we?形式。如： Le
25、ts go home together, shall we? 十六、陈述部分用上述情况以外的祈使句时，问句部分一般用will you?形式表示请求，用wont you？形式表示委婉请求或邀请。如： Do sit down, wont you?/ will you? You feed the bird today, will you? Please open the window, will you?(wont you?) 十七、陈述部分为否定祈使句时，问句部分一般用will you?形式。如： Dont make any noise, will you? 十八、陈述部分为There (Here
26、) + be + 主语时，问句部分用动词+there(here)?形式。如： There are two cakes on the plate, arent there? Here is a story about Mark Twain, isnt here? 十九、陈述部分用had better +原形动词表示建议时，问句部分用hadnt +主语？形式。 Youd better tell him about the matter, hadnt you?We had better do it by ourselves, hadnt we? 二十、陈述部分用used to +主语时，问句部分用d
27、idnt + 主语？或usednt +主语？形式。 He used to live in the country, didnt he?/usednt he? They used to be good friends, didnt they?/usednt they? 二十一、陈述部分用must(may, might) + have + V-ed表示推测时，若句中带有明显的过去时间的状语，问句部分动词用过去时形式。如： He might have forgotten his pen in the classroom yesterday, didnt he? （不用mightnt he?/ has
28、nt he? ） You must have got up late this morning, didnt you?（不用mustnt you?/havent you?） 二十二、陈述部分用must(may, might) + have + V-ed表示推测时，若句中没有带明显的过去时间的状语，问句部分动词用现在完成时形式。如： Everyone must have known the death of the waitress, havent they? （不用mustnt they?） You must have worked there a year ago, didnt you?（不
29、用mustnt you?/ havent you?） 二十三、陈述部分的主语为从句时，问句部分的主语一般用it代替，如： What he said is true, isnt it? （不用didnt he?） Where we will build the dam has not been decided yet, has it? （不用wont we?） 二十四、陈述部分的主语为动名词或不定式时，问句的主语用it代替。如： To do one good deed is easy for a person, isnt it?Skating is your favorite sport, is
30、nt it? 二十五、陈述部分的谓语是wish，疑问部分要用may +主语。I wish to have a word with you, may I?二十六、含有ought to 的反意疑问句，陈述部分是肯定的 ，疑问部分用shouldnt / oughtnt +主语。He ought to know what to do, oughtnt he? / shouldnt he?二十七、陈述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.)，疑问部分常用dont +主语（didnt +主语） 。We have to get there at eight tomorrow, dont we
31、?二十八、陈述部分有would rather +v.，疑问部分多用 wouldnt +主语。He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldnt he?二十九、陈述部分有Youd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldnt +主语。Youd like to go with me, wouldnt you?三十、 感叹句中，疑问部分用be +主语。What colours, arent they? What a smell, isnt it?三十一、 陈述部分由neither nor, either or 连接的并列主语时，疑问
32、部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?三十二 陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句，疑问部分有下列情况：a. 并列复合句疑问部分，谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldnt he?b. 带有定语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定：He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he? He said he w
33、anted to visit Japan, didnt he?三十三 带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句，疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语。We need not do it again, need we ? He dare not say so, dare you?当dare, need 为实义动词时 ，疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。She doesnt dare to go home alone, does she?三十四当陈述部分是Im sure that,；we are sure；Im afraid that；We are sure that；I feel sur
34、e that 等后面跟宾语从句时，反意疑问句与后面的宾语从句一致。三十五陈述部分的主语是each of.结构时，附加疑问句在强调整体时用they，当作个别时用he。反义疑问句句型归纳 归纳1、You had no time for reading, did you ? / had you? 2、He has a brother, hasnt he, / doesnt he?3、We have to go without him, dont we ? 4、You have your dinner at school, dont you?5、He has a rest every two hour
35、s, doesnt he? 6、This is your last chance to learn from the beginning, isnt it?7、Those were terrible days for us to recall, werent they? 8、There are some books you are interested in, arent there?9、Let us do it as we please / like to, will you? / can you? 10、Lets us do it right now, shall we? / can we
36、?11、Come here, will you? / wont you / can you / cant you / do you / dont you?12、Dont say anything, will you? / can you? / do you? 13、Tom, you clean the window, will you?14、I think / say /suppose / guess / am sure he will come back soon, wont he?15、I dont think he will come back , will he? 16、He old
37、man never thought he was lonely, did he?17、The old man used to be a farmer, usednt he / didnt he? 18、He ought to come, oughtnt he / shouldnt?19、He seldom goes to the cinema, doesnt he? ( hardly, never, few, little, nothing, nobody)20、Its unfair, isnt it? 21、One cant be careful enough, can one / can
38、he?22、Everything goes well, doesnt it? 23、Everybody agrees with him, doesnt he / dont they?24、All we needed has been bought, hasnt it?25、All we invited have arrived, havent they?(All refers to people)26、Learning English is very hard, isnt it?27、He studies hard and he is often praised by his teachers
39、, isnt he?28、We must be more polite in this occasion, neednt we?29、He must be a brave man, isnt he? 30、It must have rained last night, didnt it?31、He mush have known the answer, hasnt he?32、He cant have done such a foolish thing, has he?33、I am a student, arent I ? 34、So he has known the secret, has he?35、Oh, you have the same type of sell phone as I, do you?
