1、【051】 ArcEngine 实现空间分析1.熟悉 ITopologicalOperator 接口(用于空间拓扑运算) 的使用2.熟悉 IRelationalOperator 接口( 用于空间关联运算 )的使用3.熟悉 IProximityOperator 接口(用于空间距离运算)的使用 目录：A1 ITopologicalOperator5 接口 公共方法： Buffer 方法： Boundary 方法： Clip 方法 ： ConvexHull 方法： Cut 方法： Union 方法： Intersect 方法： Difference 方法：A2 IRelationalOperator
2、 接口 公共方法： Contains 方法： Overlaps 方法：A3 IPoint 接口A4 ICurve3 接口A5 ISegment 接口A6 ICircularArc 接口 -写在前面：使用空间分析的时候，会提示这样的错误“异常来自 HRESULT:0x80040215”，其原因就是：在使用 ITopologicalOperator 求交集等操作的时候，有时会出现“ HRESULT:0x80040215”这个异常，原来是空间参考不一样所致。因此只要 SpatialReference 属性设为同一空间参考就不会出现“ HRESULT:0x80040215”异常。所以在进行空间分析之前
3、，要保证所建立的 shapefile 文件具有相同的SpatialReference！- 第 A1 个 ITopologicalOperator5 接口：1. Provides additional information on non-simple geometries.【拓扑操作】MembersDescriptionBoundary返回值：IGeometryThe boundary of this geometry. A polygons boundary is a polyline. A polylines boundary is a multipoint. A point or mul
4、tipoints boundary is an empty point or multipoint.Buffer(double distance)返回值：IGeometry Constructs a polygon that is the locus of points at a distance less than or equal to a specified distance from this geometry.通过给定距离，得到操作图形的缓冲区，返回得到缓冲区几何图形！但是这里面的距离很是蹊跷，同时实验发现，我写入 0.01 的时候，大约表示 1km，所以大约是 1:100 000
5、的关系！Clip(IEnvelope clipperEnvelope)Constructs the intersection of this geometry and the specified envelope.返回矩形部分的要素，直接作用在要素上面！ClipDense Constructs the intersection of this geometry and the specified envelope; densifies lines in output contributed by the clipping envelope.ClipEx Constructs the inter
6、section of this geometry and the specified envelope.ClipToDomain Clips the geometry to the domain of the spatial reference. Useful for ensuring that buffers can be fit within the spatial domain of the feature class to which they are being added.ConstructUnion Defines this geometry to be the union of
7、 the inputs. More efficient for unioning multiple geometries than calling Union repeatedly.ConvexHull Constructs the convex hull of this geometry.Cut Splits this geometry into a part left of the cutting polyline, and a part right of it.Cut2 Divides a geometry into multiple partsDifference Constructs
8、 the geometry containing points from this geometry but not the other geometry.GeoNormalizeEx Shifts longitudes, if need be, into a continuous range of 360 degrees.Intersect Constructs the geometry that is the set-theoretic intersection of the input geometries. Use different resultDimension values to
9、 generate results of different dimensions.IntersectMultidimension Constructs the set-theoretic intersection of the inputs. The results are returned in a geometry bag with one element per result dimension.IsKnownSimple Indicates whether this geometry is known (or assumed) to be topologically correct.
10、IsKnownSimple Indicates whether this geometry is known (or assumed) to be topologically correct.IsSimple Indicates whether this geometry is known (or assumed) to be topologically correct, after explicitly determining this if the geometry is not already known (or assumed) to be simple.IsSimpleEx Dete
11、rmines why a geometry is not simple. Currently only implemented for polygons.QueryClipped Redefines clippedGeometry to be the intersection of this geometry and the clipping envelope.QueryClippedDense Redefines clippedGeometry to be the intersection of this geometry and the clipping envelope; densifi
12、es lines in the output contributed by the clipping envelope.Simplify Makes this geometry topologically correct.SymmetricDifference Constructs the geometry that contains points from either but not both input geometries.Union Constructs the geometry that is the set-theoretic union of the input geometr
13、ies.CoClasses that implement ITopologicalOperatorCoClasses and Classes DescriptionGeoEllipse (esriDefenseSolutions)Its a spheroidal ellipse.GeometryBag An ordered collection of objects that support the IGeometry interface.GeoPolygon (esriDefenseSolutions)Its a spheroidal polygon.GeoPolyline (esriDef
14、enseSolutions)This is a spheroidal polyline.MultiPatch A collection of surface patches.Multipoint An ordered collection of points; optionally has measure, height and ID attributes.Point A two dimensional point, optionally with measure, height, and ID attributes.Polygon A collection of rings ordered
15、by their containment relationship; optionally has measure, height and ID attributes.Polyline An ordered collection of paths; optionally has measure, height and ID attributes. | 公共代码部分：/公共变量！IMap pMap;IActiveView pActiveView;IEnvelope pEnv;ISelectionEnvironment pSelectionEnv;IEnumFeature pEnumFeature
16、;IGraphicsContainer pGraphicsContainer;IFeature pFeature;IGeometry pGeometry;IEnvelope pEnvClip;IPolyline pLineCut;IPolygon pFirstPolygon;/鼠标点击事件！private void axMapControl1_OnMouseDown(object sender, IMapControlEvents2_OnMouseDownEvent e)axMapControl1.MousePointer = esriControlsMousePointer.esriPoin
17、terCrosshair;if (isClip) /此时要拉 Clip 框pEnvClip = axMapControl1.TrackRectangle();isClip = false;else if (isCut)pLineCut = axMapControl1.TrackLine() as IPolyline;isCut = false;else if (isFirstIn)pMap = axMapControl1.Map;pActiveView = pMap as IActiveView;pEnv = axMapControl1.TrackRectangle();pSelectionE
18、nv = new SelectionEnvironment();pSelectionEnv.DefaultColor = GetColor(0, 255, 0);pMap.SelectByShape(pEnv, pSelectionEnv, false);pActiveView.Refresh();pEnumFeature = axMapControl1.Map.FeatureSelection as IEnumFeature;elsepMap = axMapControl1.Map;pActiveView = pMap as IActiveView;pEnv = axMapControl1.
19、TrackRectangle();pSelectionEnv = new SelectionEnvironment();pSelectionEnv.DefaultColor = GetColor(255, 0, 0);pMap.SelectByShape(pEnv, pSelectionEnv, false);pActiveView.Refresh();pEnumFeature = axMapControl1.Map.FeatureSelection as IEnumFeature;/RGB 颜色！private IRgbColor GetColor(int r, int g, int b)I
20、RgbColor pColor = new RgbColor();pColor.Red = r;pColor.Green = g;pColor.Blue = b;return pColor; | Buffer：private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)while (true)pGraphicsContainer = pMap as IGraphicsContainer; /定义容器pFeature = pEnumFeature.Next(); /遍历要素if (pFeature = null) /若不存在要素，则推出循环brea
21、k;pGeometry = pFeature.Shape; /获取要素的 GeometryITopologicalOperator pTopoOperator = pGeometry as ITopologicalOperator; /QI 到拓扑操作IGeometry pBufferGeo = pTopoOperator.Buffer(2); /缓冲区分析IElement pElement = new PolygonElement();pElement.Geometry = pBufferGeo; /获取得到的缓冲区pGraphicsContainer.AddElement(pElement
22、, 0); /显示缓冲区pActiveView.Refresh(); | Boundary：private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)while (true)pGraphicsContainer = pMap as IGraphicsContainer; /定义容器pFeature = pEnumFeature.Next(); /遍历要素if (pFeature = null) /若不存在要素，则推出循环break;pGeometry = pFeature.Shape; /获取要素的 GeometryITopologicalOp
23、erator pTopoOperator = pGeometry as ITopologicalOperator; /QI 到拓扑操作IGeometry pBoundary = pTopoOperator.Boundary; /获取边界ILineElement pLineEle = new LineElementClass();ISimpleLineSymbol pSLS = new SimpleLineSymbol();IRgbColor pColor = GetColor(0, 255, 0);pSLS.Color = pColor;pSLS.Width = 5;pLineEle.Symb
24、ol = pSLS;IElement pElement = pLineEle as IElement;pElement.Geometry = pBoundary;pGraphicsContainer.AddElement(pElement, 0); /显示边界pActiveView.Refresh(); | Clip：bool isClip = false;private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)isClip = true;private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs
25、e)while (true)pGraphicsContainer = pMap as IGraphicsContainer; /定义容器pFeature = pEnumFeature.Next(); /遍历要素if (pFeature = null) /若不存在要素，则推出循环break;pGeometry = pFeature.Shape; /获取要素的 GeometryITopologicalOperator pTopoOperator = pGeometry as ITopologicalOperator; /QI 到拓扑操作pTopoOperator.Clip(pEnvClip);IE
26、lement pElement = new PolygonElement();pElement.Geometry = pGeometry; /获取得到的缓冲区pGraphicsContainer.AddElement(pElement, 0); /显示缓冲区pActiveView.Refresh(); | ConvexHull：private void button5_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)while (true)pGraphicsContainer = pMap as IGraphicsContainer; /定义容器pFeature = pEnu
27、mFeature.Next(); /遍历要素if (pFeature = null) /若不存在要素，则推出循环break;pGeometry = pFeature.Shape; /获取要素的 GeometryITopologicalOperator pTopoOperator = pGeometry as ITopologicalOperator; /QI 到拓扑操作IGeometry pBufferGeo = pTopoOperator.ConvexHull();IElement pElement = new PolygonElement();pElement.Geometry = pBu
28、fferGeo; /获取得到的缓冲区pGraphicsContainer.AddElement(pElement, 0); /显示缓冲区pActiveView.Refresh(); | Cut：bool isCut = false;private void button6_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)isCut = true;private void button7_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)while (true)pGraphicsContainer = pMap as IGraphicsContainer; /定
29、义容器pFeature = pEnumFeature.Next(); /遍历要素if (pFeature = null) /若不存在要素，则推出循环break;pGeometry = pFeature.Shape; /获取要素的 GeometryITopologicalOperator pTopoOperator = pGeometry as ITopologicalOperator; /QI 到拓扑操作 ryIGeometry pGeoRight = new PolygonClass();IGeometry pGeoLeft = new PolygonClass();pTopoOperato
30、r.Cut(pLineCut, out pGeoLeft, out pGeoRight);IElement pElement = new PolygonElement();IFillShapeElement pFillEle = pElement as IFillShapeElement;ISimpleFillSymbol pSFS = new SimpleFillSymbol();pSFS.Color = GetColor(255, 255, 0);pFillEle.Symbol = pSFS;pElement.Geometry = pGeoLeft; /获取得到的缓冲区pGraphicsC
31、ontainer.AddElement(pElement, 0); /显示缓冲区pSFS = new SimpleFillSymbol();pSFS.Color = GetColor(255, 0, 255);pFillEle.Symbol = pSFS;pElement = new PolygonElement();pElement.Geometry = pGeoRight; /获取得到的缓冲区pGraphicsContainer.AddElement(pElement, 0); /显示缓冲区pActiveView.Refresh(); | Union：private void button
32、8_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)IGeometry pUnionGeo = new PolygonClass();pGraphicsContainer = pMap as IGraphicsContainer; /定义容器while (true)pFeature = pEnumFeature.Next(); /遍历要素if (pFeature = null) /若不存在要素，则推出循环break;pGeometry = pFeature.Shape; /获取要素的 GeometryITopologicalOperator pTopoOperator = p
33、UnionGeo as ITopologicalOperator; /QI 到拓扑操作 rypUnionGeo = pTopoOperator.Union(pGeometry);IElement pElement = new PolygonElement();IFillShapeElement pFillEle = pElement as IFillShapeElement;ISimpleFillSymbol pSFS = new SimpleFillSymbol();pSFS.Color = GetColor(255, 255, 0);pFillEle.Symbol = pSFS;pElem
34、ent.Geometry = pUnionGeo; /获取得到的缓冲区pGraphicsContainer.AddElement(pElement, 0); /显示缓冲区pActiveView.Refresh(); | Intersect：bool isFirstIn = false;private void button10_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)isFirstIn = true;private void button11_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)isFirstIn = false;pFirstPolygo
35、n = new PolygonClass();while (true)pFeature = pEnumFeature.Next();if (pFeature = null)break;pGeometry = pFeature.Shape;ITopologicalOperator pTopoOperator = pFirstPolygon as ITopologicalOperator;pFirstPolygon = pTopoOperator.Union(pGeometry) as IPolygon;private void button12_Click(object sender, Even
36、tArgs e)IGeometry pIntersectGeo = new PolygonClass();IGeometry pSecondPolygon = new PolygonClass();pGraphicsContainer = pMap as IGraphicsContainer;while (true)pFeature = pEnumFeature.Next();if (pFeature = null)break;pGeometry = pFeature.Shape;ITopologicalOperator pTopoOperator = pSecondPolygon as IT
37、opologicalOperator;pSecondPolygon = pTopoOperator.Union(pGeometry) as IPolygon;ITopologicalOperator pTopo = pSecondPolygon as ITopologicalOperator;pIntersectGeo = pTopo.Intersect(pFirstPolygon, esriGeometryDimension.esriGeometry2Dimension) as IPolygon;IElement pElement = new PolygonElementClass();pE
38、lement.Geometry = pIntersectGeo;pGraphicsContainer.AddElement(pElement, 0);IFeatureLayer pFeatureLayer = pMap.get_Layer(0) as IFeatureLayer;pFeatureLayer.Visible = false;pFeatureLayer = pMap.get_Layer(1) as IFeatureLayer;pFeatureLayer.Visible = false;pActiveView.Refresh(); | Difference：（需要前面两部分）priv
39、ate void button13_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)IGeometry pIntersectGeo = new PolygonClass();IGeometry pSecondPolygon = new PolygonClass();pGraphicsContainer = pMap as IGraphicsContainer;while (true)pFeature = pEnumFeature.Next();if (pFeature = null)break;pGeometry = pFeature.Shape;ITopologicalOp
40、erator pTopoOperator = pSecondPolygon as ITopologicalOperator;pSecondPolygon = pTopoOperator.Union(pGeometry) as IPolygon;ITopologicalOperator pTopo = pSecondPolygon as ITopologicalOperator;pIntersectGeo = pTopo.Difference(pFirstPolygon) as IPolygon;IElement pElement = new PolygonElementClass();pEle
41、ment.Geometry = pIntersectGeo;pGraphicsContainer.AddElement(pElement, 0);IFeatureLayer pFeatureLayer = pMap.get_Layer(0) as IFeatureLayer;pFeatureLayer.Visible = false;pFeatureLayer = pMap.get_Layer(1) as IFeatureLayer;pFeatureLayer.Visible = false;pActiveView.Refresh();- 第 A2 个 IRelationalOperator
42、接口：1. Provides access to members that determine if a certain spatial relationship exists between two geometries.MembersDescriptionContains Indicates if this geometry contains the other geometry.前者是否包含后者！Crosses Indicates if the two geometries intersect in a geometry of lesser dimension.Disjoint Indi
43、cates if the two geometries share no points in common. Negate this result to compute the Intersect relation.Equals Indicates if the two geometries are of the same type and define the same set of points in the plane.Overlaps Indicates if the intersection of the two geometries has the same dimension a
44、s one of the input geometries.前者和后者是否有重叠！不包括包含关系！Relation Indicates if the defined relationship exists.Touches Indicates if the boundaries of the geometries intersect.Within Indicates if this geometry is contained (is within) another geometry.前者是否在后者内部！CoClasses that implement IRelationalOperatorCoC
45、lasses and Classes DescriptionEnvelope A rectangle with sides parallel to a coordinate system defining the extent of another geometry; optionally has min and max measure, height and ID attributes.GeometryBag An ordered collection of objects that support the IGeometry interface.MultiPatch A collectio
46、n of surface patches.Multipoint An ordered collection of points; optionally has measure, height and ID attributes.Point A two dimensional point, optionally with measure, height, and ID attributes.Polygon A collection of rings ordered by their containment relationship; optionally has measure, height
47、and ID attributes.Polyline An ordered collection of paths; optionally has measure, height and ID attributes. | 公共代码部分：IMap pMap;IActiveView pActiveView;IEnvelope pEnv;ISelectionEnvironment pSelectionEnv;IEnumFeature pEnumFeature;IFeature pFeature;IGeometry pGeometry;IGeometry pBasicGeo;private void axMapControl1_OnMouseDown(object sender, IMapControlEvents2_OnMouseDownEvent e)axMapControl1.MousePointer = esriControlsMousePointer.e
