1、美国化学文摘中常用词缩写A ampere 安(培)Angstrom unit(s)埃( 长度单位,10-10 米)absabsolute 绝对的absEtOH absolute alcohol 无水乙醇abstrabstract 文摘Ac acetyl(CH3CO,not CH3COO)乙酰基a c alternating current 交流电(流)AcHacetaldehyde 乙醛AcOH acetic acid 乙酸Ac2O acetic anhydride 乙酸酐AcOEt ethyl acetate 乙酸乙酯AcONa 乙酸钠add additive 附加物addn additio
2、n 加成,添加addnl additional 添加的alcalcohol,alcoholic 醇aliphaliphatic 脂族的AlHg Aluminum amalgam 铝汞齐alkalkaline(not alkali)碱性的alky alkalinity(alhysfor alkalinities is not approved)碱度,碱性am amyl(not ammonium)戊基amorph amorphous 无定形的amp ampere(s)安(培 )amtamount(as a noun)数量analanalysis 分析anhydanhydrous 无水的AO ato
3、mic orbital 原子轨 (道) 函数appapparatus 仪器,装置approx approximate(as an adjective),approximately 近似的,大概的approxn approximation 近似法,概算aq aqueous 水的,含水的aromaromatic 芳族的asasymmetric 不对称的assoc associate(s)缔合assocd associated 缔合的assocn association 缔合atatomic(not atom)原子的atm atmosphere(s),atmospheric 大气压=1.013251
4、05 帕ATP adenosine triphosphatae 三磷酸腺苷酶atwtatomic weight 原子量avaverage(except as a verb)平均b (followed by a figure denoting temperature)boils at,boiling at(similarlyb13,at1.3mm,pressure)沸腾( 后面的数字表示温度,同样 b13 表示在13 毫米压力下沸腾)bbl barrel 桶液体量度单位=163.5 升(英国) ,=119 升(美国)BCCbody-centred cubic 立方体心BeV or GeV bil
5、lion electronvolts10 亿电子伏,吉电子伏, 109 电子伏BOD biochemical oxygen demand 生化需氧量B Bohr magneton 玻尔磁子 物b pboiling point 沸点Btu British thermal unit(s)英热单位=1055.06 焦Bu butyl(normal)丁基bubushel 蒲式耳=36.368 升(英)=35.238 升(美)Bz benzoyl(not benzyl)苯甲酰BzH benzaldehyde 苯 (甲)醛BzOH benzoic acid 苯甲酸C concentration 浓度Cal
6、calorie(s) 千卡,大卡=4186.8 焦cal卡=4.1868 焦 calccalculate 计算calcd calculated 计算的calcg calculating 计算calcn calculation 计算CC cubic centimeter(s)立方厘米CD circurlar dichroism 圆二色性(物)cdcurrent density 电流密度cf参见compare 比较cubic feet per minute 立方英尺/分钟(1 立方英尺=2.83168510-2 米 3)chemchemical(as an adjective)(not chemi
7、stry nor chemically)化学的Ci curie 居里 (放射单位)=3.71010 贝可clinclinical(ly)临床的cm centimeter(s)厘米CoA coenzyme A 辅酶 AC ODchemical oxygen demand 化学需氧量coeff coefficient 系数colcolour,coloration 颜色comcommercial 工业的,商业的,商品的comb combustion 燃烧compbcompound 化合物,复合物compncomposition 组成,成分concconcentrate(as a verb)提浓,浓缩
8、concdconcentrated 浓的concgconcentrating 浓缩(的)concnconcentration 浓度cond conductivity 导电率,传导性constconstant 常数,常量contg containing 包含,含有cor corrected 校正的,改正的,正确的cp constant pressure 恒压C PChemically pure 化学纯的critcritical 临界的cryst crystalline(not crystallize)结晶crystd crystallized 使结晶crystg crystallizing 结晶
9、crystn crystallization 结晶,结晶化cum cubic meter(s)立方米Cv constant volume 恒容d density 密度(d13 相对于水在 4时的比重;d2020 相对于水在 20时的比重)D Debye unit 德拜单位,电偶极矩单位d dextrorotatory 右旋(不译)dl-外消旋(不译)d cdirect current 直流电decompdecompose(s)分解decompd decomposed 分解的decompg decomposing 分解decompn decomposition 分解degrdn degradat
10、ion 降解derivderivative 衍生物,导数(数)detdetermine 测定detd determined 测定的detg determining 测定detn determination 测定diamdiameter 直径dildilute 稀释,冲淡dild diluted 稀释的diltg diluting 稀释diln dilution 稀释dissdissolves ,dissolved 溶解dissoc dissociate(s)离解dissocddissociated 离解的dissocn dissociation 离解dist distildistillatio
11、n 蒸馏distd distilled 蒸馏的distg distilling 蒸馏distn distillation 蒸馏dl 分升dmdecimeter(s)分米DMF dimetbylformamide 二甲基甲酰胺DNase deoxyribonuclease 脱氧核糖核酸酶d pdegree of polymerization 聚合度dpm disintegrations per minute 分解量/分钟DTA differential thermal analysis 差热分析EDeffective dose 有效剂量EEG electroencephalogram 脑电流描记
12、术egfor example 例如elec electric,electrical(not electrically)电的em felectromoctive force 电动势em uelectromagnetic unit 电磁单位enethylenediamine(used in formulas only)乙二胺equil equilibrium(s)平衡equivequivalent 当量,克当量espespecially 特别,格外est estimate(as a verb)估计estd estimated 估计的estg estimating 估计estn estimation
13、 估计Et ethyl 乙基Et2O ethyl ether 乙醚 viscosity 粘度eV electron volt(s)电子伏 特evacevacuated 抽空的evapevaporate 蒸发evapd evaporated 蒸发的evapg evaporating 蒸发evapn evaporation 蒸发examd examined 检验过的,试验过的examg examining 检验,试验examn examination 检验,试验exptexperiment(as a noun)实验exptl experimental 实验的extextract 提取物,萃,提取e
14、xtd extracted 提取的extg extracting 提取extn extraction 提取F farad 法拉(电容)fcc face centered cubic 面心立方体fermn fermentation 发酵fpfreezing point 冰点,凝固点FSH follicle-stimulating hormone 促卵泡激素ftfoot ,feet 英尺=0.3048 米ft-lb foot-pound 英尺磅=0.3048 米0.453592 千克g.gram(s)克gal gallon 加仑=4.546092 升( 英)=3.78543 升(美)geol.ge
15、ological 地质的gr.grain(weight unit)谷(1 谷=1/7000 磅=0.64799 克)h hour 小时H henry 亨利ha.hectare(s)公顷=6.45160010-4 米 2homo-均匀-,单相h hour 小时hyd.hydrolysis,hydrolysed 水解Hz hertz(cycles/sec)赫 兹,周/秒ID infective dose 无效剂量in.inch(es)英寸=0.0254 米inorg.incrganic 无机的insol.insoluble 不溶的IR infrared 红外线irradn irradiation
16、照射iso-Bu,isobutyl 异丁基iso-Pr,isopropyl 异丙基IU 国际单位J joule 焦 耳(能量单位)K kelvin 开尔文,绝对温度Kcal.kilocalorie(s)千卡 =418.6 焦kg kilogram(s)千克kV kilovolt(s)千伏kV-amp.kilovolt-ampere(s)千伏安kW.kilowatt(s)千瓦kWh kilowatthour 千瓦小时=3.6106 焦l.liter(s)升lab.laboratory 实验室lb pound(s)磅=0.453592 千克LCAO linear combination of at
17、omic orbitals 原子轨道的线性组合LD Lethal dose 致死剂量LH Luteinizing hormone 促黄体发生激素liq.liquid 液体,液态Lm lumen 流明(光通量单位)LX lux 勒克斯(照度单位)m.meter(s);also(followed by a figure denoting temperature)米,熔融(注明温度时)M.mega-(106)兆M molar(as applied to concn.)摩尔m.melts at,melting at 熔融m molal 摩尔的ma milliampere(s)毫安manuf.manuf
18、acture 制造manufd manufactured 制造的manufg.manufacturing 制造math.mathematical 数学的max maximum(s)最大值,最大的Me methyl(MeOH,methanol)甲基mech.mechanical 机械的metab.metabolism 新陈代谢m.e.v million electron volts 兆电子伏mg milligram(s)毫克mi mile 英里=1609.344 米min minimunalso minute(s)最小值,最小的min minute 分钟misc miscellaneous 其它
19、mixt.mixture 混合物ml milliliter(s)毫升mm millimeter(s)毫米nm millimicron(s)纳米MO molecular orbital 分子轨道函数mol molecule,molecular 分子,分子的mol.wt.molecular weight 分子量m.p.melting point 熔点mph miles per hour 英里 (=1609.344 米)/ 小时 micron(s)微米mV millivolt(s)毫伏N newton 牛顿(力的单位)N normal(as applied to concn.)当量( 浓度)neg.
20、negative(as an adjective)阴性的,负的no number 号,数obsd observed 观察,观测org.organic 有机的oxidn oxidation 氧化 ozounce 盎司(常衡=28.349523 克)Pdpotential difference 势差,电位差PetEtpetroleum ether 石油醚Phphenyl 苯基phys physical 物理的physiolphysiological 生理学的p mpost meridiem 午后polymd polymerized 聚合polymg polymerizing 聚合ploymn po
21、lymerization 聚合pospositive(as an adjective)阳性的,正的powdpowdered 粉末的,粉状的p p.b(ppb)parts per billion 亿万分之(几)p.p.m(ppm)parts per million 百万分之( 几)pptprecipitate 沉淀,沉淀物pptdprecipitated 沉淀出的pptgprecipitating 沉淀pptn precipitation 沉淀Pr propyl (normal)丙基prac practically 实际上prepprepare 制备presspressure 压力prepd p
22、repared 制备的prepg preparing 制备prepn preparation 制备psi pounds per square inch 磅/英寸 2=0.453592 千克/(64510010-4 米 2)psia pounds per square inch alsolute 磅/英寸 2(绝对压力)pt pint 品脱(=0.5682615 升)purifn purification 精制py pyridine(used only in formulas)吡啶qtquality 质量qual.qualitative(not qualitatively)定性的quantqua
23、ntitative(not quantitatively)定量的 希文,消旋(不译)redreduce ,还原red reduction 还原,减小refreference 参考文献 rem roentgen equivalent man 人体伦琴当量,雷姆rep roentgen equivalent physical 物理伦琴当量repr.reproduction 再生产,再生res.resolution 分辨,分解,离析resp.respectively 分别地rpm revolution per minute 每分钟转数RNase ribonuclease 核糖核酸酶sapon.sap
24、onification 皂化sapond saponified 皂化过的sapong saponifying 皂化sat.saturate 使饱和satd.saturated 饱和的satg saturating 饱和的satn.saturation 饱和,饱和度sec second(s)秒,仲,第二的sep.separate 分离sepd separated 分离出的sepg separating 分离的sepn separation 分离sol.soluble 可溶的soln solution 溶液soly solubility(solys.for solubilities is not
25、approved)可溶性,溶解度sp.gr.specific gravity 比重sp.ht.specific heat 比热sp.vol.specific volume 比容std. standard 标准suppl. supplement 补篇sym. symmetrical 对称的tech. technical 技术的temp. temperature 温度tert. Tertiary 叔(指 CH3C(CH3)2型烃基)thermodyn. Thermodynamics 热力学titrn titration 滴定unsym. unsymmetrical 偏,不对称U. V. ultraviolet 紫外线V volt(s) 伏特vac.vacuun 真空vapor vaporization 汽化vol.volume (not volatile) 体积vs versus 对W.watt(s) 瓦特wt.weight 重量wk week 星期