1、Westlaw China Delivery SummaryRequestmadeby: IP_USERUSER11Requestmadeon: Monday,02March,2015at17:20BeijingTimeTitle: ViennaConventionontheLawofTreaties,Vienna,23.5.1969Deliveryselection: CurrentDocumentNumberofdocumentsdelivered: 1 2007 2015, Thomson Reuters, all rights reserved.维也纳条约法公约ViennaConven
2、tionontheLawofTreaties,Vienna,23.5.1969缔约方:多边Signatory:MultilateralTreaties缔约时间:05/23/1969DateofSignature:05/23/1969效力状态:有效ValidityStatus:Valid本公约各当事国，鉴于条约在国际关系历史上之基本地位，承认条约为国际法渊源之一，且为各国间不分宪法及社会制度发展和平合作之工具，其重要性日益增加，鉴悉自由同意与善意之原则以及条约必须遵守规则乃举世所承认，确认凡关于条约之争端与其他国际争端同，皆应以和平方法且依正义及国际法之原则解决之，念及联合国人民同兹决心创造适当
3、环境俾克维持正义及尊重由条约而起之义务，鉴及联合国宪章所载之国际法原则，诸如人民平等权利及自决，所有国家主权平等及独立，不干涉各国内政，禁止使用威胁或武力以及普遍尊重与遵守全体人类之人权及基本自由等原则。深信本公约所达成之条约法之编纂及逐渐发展可促进宪章所揭示之联合国宗旨，即维持国际和平与安全，发展国际间之友好关系并达成其彼此合作，确认凡未经本公约各条规定之问题，将仍以国际习惯法规则为准，爰议定条款如下:THESTATESPARTIESTOTHEPRESENTCONVENTION,CONSIDERINGthefundamentalroleoftreatiesinthehistoryofinte
4、rnationalrelations,RECOGNIZING the ever-increasing importance of treaties as a source of international law and as ameans of developing peaceful co-operation among nations, whatever their constitutional and socialsystems,NOTING that the principles of free consent and of good faith and the pacta sunt
5、servanda rule areuniversallyrecognized,AFFIRMING that disputes concerning treaties, like other international disputes, should be settled bypeacefulmeansandinconformitywiththeprinciplesofjusticeandinternationallaw,RECALLING the determination of the peoples of the United Nations to establish condition
6、s underwhichjusticeandrespectfortheobligationsarisingfromtreatiescanbemaintained,HAVING IN MIND the principles of international law embodied in the Charter of the United Nations,such as the principles of the equal rights and self-determination of peoples, of the sovereign equality andindependence of
7、 all States, of non-interference in the domestic affairs of States, of the prohibition of thethreat or use of force and of universal respect for, and observance of, human rights and fundamentalfreedomsforall,BELIEVING that the codification and progressive development of the law of treaties achieved
8、in thepresent Convention will promote the purposes of the United Nations set forth in the Charter, namely, themaintenance of international peace and security, the development of friendly relations and theachievementofco-operationamongnations,AFFIRMING that the rules of customary international law wi
9、ll continue to govern questions notregulatedbytheprovisionsofthepresentConvention,HAVEAGREEDasfollows: Westlaw China Page 1第一编导言PartI:Introduction第一条 本公约之范围本公约适用于国家间之条约。Article1 ScopeofthepresentConventionThepresentConventionappliestotreatiesbetweenStates.第二条 用语一、就适用本公约而言:(a)称“条约”者,谓国家间所缔结而以国际法为准之国际
10、书面协定,不论其载于一项单独文书或两项以上相互有关之文书内,亦不论其特定名称如何;(b)称“批准”,“接受”,“赞同”及“加入”者,各依本义指一国据以在国际上确定其同意受条约拘束之国际行为;(c)称“全权证书”者,谓一国主管当局所颁发,指派一人或数人代表该国谈判,议定或认证条约约文,表示该国同意受条约拘束,或完成有关条约之任何其他行为之文件;(d)称“保留”者,谓一国于签署,批准、接受、赞同或加入条约时所做之片面声明,不论措辞或名称如何,其目的在摒除或更改条约中若干规定对该国适用时之法律效果;(e)称“谈判国”者,谓参与草拟及议定条约约文之国家;(f)称“缔约国”者,谓不问条约已未生效,同意受
11、条约拘束之国家;(g)称“当事国”者,谓同意承受条约拘束及条约对其有效之国家;(h)称“第三国”者,谓非条约当事国之国家;(i)称“国际组织”者,谓政府间之组织。二、第一项关于本公约内各项用语之规定不妨碍此等用语,在任何国家国内法上之使用或所具有之意义。Article2 Useofterms1.ForthepurposesofthepresentConvention:(a) “treaty“ means an international agreement concluded between States in written form and governedby international
12、 law, whether embodied in a single instrument or in two or more related instruments andwhateveritsparticulardesignation;(b) “ratification“, “acceptance“, “approval“ and “accession“ mean in each case the international act sonamedwherebyaStateestablishesontheinternationalplaneitsconsenttobeboundbyatre
13、aty;(c) “full powers“ means a document emanating from the competent authority of a State designating aperson or persons to represent the State for negotiating, adopting or authenticating the text of a treaty, forexpressing the consent of the State to be bound by a treaty, or for accomplishing any ot
14、her act withrespecttoatreaty;(d) “reservation“ means a unilateral statement, however phrased or named, made by a State, whensigning, ratifying, accepting, approving or acceding to a treaty, whereby it purports to exclude or tomodifythelegaleffectofcertainprovisionsofthetreatyintheirapplicationtothat
15、State;(e) “negotiating State“ means a State which took part in the drawing up and adoption of the text of thetreaty;(f) “contracting State“ means a State which has consented to be bound by the treaty, whether or not thetreatyhasenteredintoforce;(g) “party“ means a State which has consented to be bou
16、nd by the treaty and for which the treaty is in Westlaw China Page 2force;(h)“thirdState“meansaStatenotapartytothetreaty;(i)“internationalorganization“meansanintergovernmentalorganization.2. The provisions of paragraph 1 regarding the use of terms in the present Convention are withoutprejudice to th
17、e use of those terms or to the meanings which may be given to them in the internal law ofanyState.第三条 不属本公约范围之国际协定本公约不适用于国家与其他国际法主体间所缔结之国际协定或此种其他国际法主体间之国际协定或非书面国际协定,此一事实并不影响:(a)此类协定之法律效力;(b)本公约所载任何规则之依照国际法而毋须基于本公约原应适用于此类协定者,对于此类协定之适用;(c)本公约之适用于国家间以亦有其他国际法主体为其当事者之国际协定为根据之彼此关系。Article3 Internationalag
18、reementsnotwithinthescopeofthepresentConventionThe fact that the present Convention does not apply to international agreements concluded between theStates and other subjects of international law or between such other subjects of international law, or tointernationalagreementsnotinwrittenform,shallno
19、taffect:(a)thelegalforceofsuchagreements;(b)theapplicationtothemofanyoftherulessetforthinthepresentConventiontowhichtheywouldbesubjectunderinternationallawindependentlyoftheConvention;(c) the application of the Convention to the relations of States as between themselves underinternationalagreementst
20、owhichothersubjectsofinternationallawarealsoparties.第四条 本公约不溯既往以不妨碍本公约所载任何规则之依国际法而毋须基于本公约原应适用于条约者之适用为限,本公约仅对各国于本公约对各该国生效后所缔约之条约适用之。Article4 Non-retroactivityofthepresentConventionWithout prejudice to the application of any rules set forth in the present Convention to which treatieswouldbesubjectunde
21、rinternationallawindependentlyoftheConvention,theConventionappliesonlytotreaties which are concluded by States after the entry into force of the present Convention with regard tosuchStates.第五条 组成国际组织之条约及在一国际组织内议定之条约本公约适用于为一国际组织组织约章之任何条约及在一国际组织内议定之任何条约，但对该组织任何有关规则并无妨碍。Article5 Treaties constituting i
22、nternational organizations and treaties adopted within aninternationalorganizationThe present Convention applies to any treaty which is the constituent instrument of an internationalorganization and to any treaty adopted within an international organization without prejudice to anyrelevantrulesofthe
23、organization.第二编条约之缔结及生效第一节条约之缔结 Westlaw China Page 3PartII:ConclusionandEntryintoForceofTreatiesSection1:ConclusionofTreaties第六条 国家缔结条约之能力每一国家皆有缔结条约之能力。Article6 CapacityofStatestoconcludetreatiesEveryStatepossessescapacitytoconcludetreaties.第七条 全权证书一、任一人员如有下列情况之一,视为代表一国议定或认证条约约文或表示该国承受条约拘束之同意:(a)出具
24、适当之全权证书;或(b)由于有关国家之惯例或由于其他情况可见其此等国家之意思系认为该人员为此事代表该国而可免除全权证书。二、下列人员由于所任职务毋须出具全权证书,视为代表其国家:(a)国家元首,政府首长及外交部长,为实施关于缔结条约之一切行为;(b)使馆馆长,为议定派遣国与驻在国间条约约文;(c)国家派往国际会议或派驻国际组织或该国际组织一机关之代表,为议定在该会议,组织或机关内议定之条约约文。Article7 Fullpowers1. A person is considered as representing a State for the purpose of adopting or a
25、uthenticating the textofatreatyorforthepurposeofexpressingtheconsentoftheStatetobeboundbyatreatyif:(a)heproducesappropriatefullpowers;or(b) it appears from the practice of the States concerned or from other circumstances that their intentionwastoconsiderthatpersonasrepresentingtheStateforsuchpurpose
26、sandtodispensewithfullpowers.2. In virtue of their functions and without having to produce full powers, the following are considered asrepresentingtheirState:(a) Heads of State, Heads of Government and Ministers for Foreign Affairs, for the purpose ofperformingallactsrelatingtotheconclusionofatreaty
27、;(b) heads of diplomatic missions, for the purpose of adopting the text of a treaty between the accreditingStateandtheStatetowhichtheyareaccredited;(c) representatives accredited by States to an international conference or to an internationalorganization or one of its organs, for the purpose of adop
28、ting the text of a treaty in that conference,organizationororgan.第八条 未经授权所实施行为之事后确认关于缔结条约之行为系依第七条不能视为经授权为此事代表一国之人员所实施者,非经该国事后确认,不发生法律效果。Article8 SubsequentconfirmationofanactperformedwithoutauthorizationAn act relating to the conclusion of a treaty performed by a person who cannot be considered unde
29、rarticle 7 as authorized to represent a State for that purpose is without legal effect unless afterwardsconfirmedbythatState.第九条 约文之议定一、除依第二项之规定外,议定条约约文应以所有参加草拟约文国家之同意为之。 Westlaw China Page 4二、国际会议议定条约之约文应以出席及参加表决国家三分之二多数之表决为之,但此等国家以同样多数决定适用另一规则者不在此限。Article9 Adoptionofthetext1. The adoption of the
30、text of a treaty takes place by the consent of all the States participating in itsdrawingupexceptasprovidedinparagraph2.2.TheadoptionofthetextofatreatyataninternationalconferencetakesplacebythevoteoftwothirdsoftheStatespresentandvoting,unlessbythesamemajoritytheyshalldecidetoapplyadifferentrule.第十条
31、约文之认证条约约文依下列方法确定为作准定本:(a)依约文所载或经参加草拟约文国家协议之程序;或(b)倘无此项程序,由此等国家代表在条约约文上,或在载有约文之会议最后文件上签署,作待核准之签署或草签。Article10 AuthenticationofthetextThetextofatreatyisestablishedasauthenticanddefinitive:(a) by such procedures as may be provided for in the text or agreed upon by the States participating initsdrawingu
32、p;or(b) failing such procedure, by the signature, signature ad referendum or initialling by therepresentatives of those States of the text of the treaty or of the Final Act of a conference incorporatingthetext.第十一条 表示同意承受条约拘束之方式一国承受条约拘束之同意得以签署、交换构成条约之文书,批准、接受、赞同或加入,或任何其他同意之方式表示之。Article11 Meansofexp
33、ressingconsenttobeboundbyatreatyThe consent of a State to be bound by a treaty may be expressed by signature, exchange of instrumentsconstitutingatreaty,ratification,acceptance,approvaloraccession,orbyanyothermeansifsoagreed.第十二条 以签署表示承受条约拘束之同意一、遇有下列情形之一,一国承受条约拘束之同意,以该国代表之签署表示之:(a)条约规定签署有此效果;(b)另经确定
34、谈判国协议签署有此效果;或(c)该国使签署有此效果之意思可见诸其代表所奉全权证书或已于谈判时有些表示。二、就适用第一项而言:(a)倘经确定谈判国有此协议,约文之草签构成条约之签署;(b)代表对条约作待核准之签署,倘经其本国确认,即构成条约之正式签署。Article12 Consenttobeboundbyatreatyexpressedbysignature1. The consent of a State to be bound by a treaty is expressed by the signature of its representativewhen:(a)thetreatypr
35、ovidesthatsignatureshallhavethateffect;(b) it is otherwise established that the negotiating States were agreed that signature should have thateffect;or(c) the intention of the State to give that effect to the signature appears from the full powers of its Westlaw China Page 5representativeorwasexpres
36、sedduringthenegotiation.2.Forthepurposesofparagraph1:(a) the initialling of a text constitutes a signature of the treaty when it is established that the negotiatingStatessoagreed;(b) the signature ad referendum of a treaty by a representative, if confirmed by his State, constitutes afullsignatureoft
37、hetreaty.第十三条 以交换构成条约之文书表示承受条约拘束之同意遇有下列情形之一,国家同意承受由彼此间交换之文书构成之条约拘束,以此种交换表示之:(a)文书规定此种交换有此效果;或(b)另经确定此等国家协议文书之交换有此效果。Article13 Consent to be bound by a treaty expressed by an exchange of instruments constituting atreatyThe consent of States to be bound by a treaty constituted by instruments exchanged
38、 between them isexpressedbythatexchangewhen;(a)theinstrumentsprovidethattheirexchangeshallhavethateffect;or(b) it is otherwise established that those States were agreed that the exchange of instruments shouldhavethateffect.第十四条 以批准接受或赞同表示承受条约拘束之同意一、遇有下列情形之一,一国承受条约拘束之同意,以批准表示之:(a)条约规定以批准方式表示同意;(b)另经确
39、定谈判国协议需要批准;(c)该国代表已对条约作须经批准之签署;或(d)该国对条约作须经批准之签署之意思可见诸其代表所奉之全权证书,或已于谈判时有此表示。二、一国承受条约拘束之同意以接受或赞同方式表示者,其条件与适用于批准者同。Article14 Consenttobeboundbyatreatyexpressedbyratification,acceptanceorapproval1.TheconsentofaStatetobeboundbyatreatyisexpressedbyratificationwhen:(a)thetreatyprovidesforsuchconsenttobeex
40、pressedbymeansofratification;(b) it is otherwise established that the negotiating States were agreed that ratification should berequired;(c)therepresentativeoftheStatehassignedthetreatysubjecttoratification;or(d) the intention of the State to sign the treaty subject to ratification appears from the
41、full powers of itsrepresentativeorwasexpressedduringthenegotiation.2. The consent of a State to be bound by a treaty is expressed by acceptance or approval underconditionssimilartothosewhichapplytoratification.第十五条 以加入表示承受条约拘束之同意遇有下列情形之一,一国承受条约拘束之同意以加入表示之:(a)条约规定该国得以加入方式表示此种同意;(b)另经确定谈判国协议该国得以加入方式表示
42、此种同意;(c)全体当事国嗣后协议该国得以加入方式表示此种同意。Article15 Consenttobeboundbyatreatyexpressedbyaccession Westlaw China Page 6TheconsentofaStatetobeboundbyatreatyisexpressedbyaccessionwhen:(a)thetreatyprovidesthatsuchconsentmaybeexpressedbythatStatebymeansofaccession;(b) it is otherwise established that the negotiati
43、ng States were agreed that such consent may beexpressedbythatStatebymeansofaccession;or(c) all the parties have subsequently agreed that such consent may be expressed by that State by meansofaccession.第十六条 批准书、接受书、赞同书或加入书之交换或交存除条约另有规定外,批准书、接受书、赞同书或加入书依下列方式确定一国承受条约拘束之同意:(a)由缔约国互相交换;(b)将文书交存保管机关;或(c)如
44、经协议,通知缔约国或保管机关。Article16 Exchangeordepositofinstrumentsofratification,acceptance,approvaloraccessionUnless the treaty otherwise provides, instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval or accessionestablishtheconsentofaStatetobeboundbyatreatyupon:(a)theirexchangebetweenthecontractingStates;(b)the
45、irdepositwiththedepositary;or(c)theirnotificationtothecontractingStatesortothedepositary,ifsoagreed.第十七条 同意承受条约一部分之拘束及不同规定之选择一、以不妨碍第十九条至第二十三条为限,一国同意承受条约一部分之拘束,仅于条约许可或其他缔约国同意时有效。二、一国同意承受许可选择不同规定之条约之拘束,仅于指明其所同意之规定时有效。Article17 Consenttobeboundbypartofatreatyandchoiceofdifferingprovisions1. Without pre
46、judice to articles 19 to 23, the consent of a State to be bound by part of a treaty iseffectiveonlyifthetreatysopermitsortheothercontractingStatessoagree.2. The consent of a State to be bound by a treaty which permits a choice between differing provisions iseffectiveonlyifitismadecleartowhichofthepr
47、ovisionstheconsentrelates.第十八条 不得在条约生效前妨碍其目的及宗旨之义务一国负有义务不得采取任何足以妨碍条约目的及宗旨之行动:（a）如该国已签署条约或已交换构成条约之文书而须经批准。接受或赞同，但尚未明白表示不欲成为条约当事国之意思;或（b）如该国业已表示同意承受条约之拘束，而条约尚未生效，且条约之生效不稽延过久。Article18 ObligationnottodefeattheobjectandpurposeofatreatypriortoitsentryintoforceAStateisobligedtorefrainfromactswhichwoulddef
48、eattheobjectandpurposeofatreatywhen:(a) it has signed the treaty or has exchanged instruments constituting the treaty subject to ratification,acceptanceorapproval,untilitshallhavemadeitsintentionclearnottobecomeapartytothetreaty;or(b) it has expressed its consent to be bound by the treaty, pending t
49、he entry into force of the treaty andprovidedthatsuchentryintoforceisnotundulydelayed.第二节保留Section2:Reservations Westlaw China Page 7第十九条 提具保留一国得于签署、批准、接受、赞同或加入条约时,提具保留,但有下列情形之一者不在此限:(a)该项保留为条约所禁止者;(b)条约仅准许特定之保留而有关之保留不在其内者;或(c)凡不属(a)及(b)两款所称之情形,该项保留与条约目的及宗旨不合者。Article19 FormulationofreservationsA State may, when signing, ratifying, accepting, approving or acceding to a treaty, formulate areservationunless:(a)thereservationisprohibitedbythetreaty;(b)thetreatyprovidesthatonlyspecifiedreservations,whichdonotincludethereservationinquestion,maybemade;or(c) in cases not falling under sub-pa
